Wilmington, Los Angeles

Coordinates: 33°46′48″N 118°15′42″W / 33.78°N 118.26167°W / 33.78; -118.26167

Wilmington, Los Angeles
Neighborhood of Los Angeles

The Banning House in August 2008

Wilmington as outlined by the Los Angeles Times
Wilmington, Los Angeles

Location within Southern Los Angeles

Coordinates: 33°46′48″N 118°15′42″W / 33.78°N 118.26167°W / 33.78; -118.26167
Country  United States of America
State  California
County Los Angeles
City Los Angeles
Named for Wilmington, Delaware[1]
Area
 • Total 23.7 km2 (9.14 sq mi)
Population
 • Total 53,815
 • Density 2,273/km2 (5,887/sq mi)
Time zone Pacific (GMT -08:00)
ZIP-code 90744
Area code(s) 562 / 310 / 323 / 424
Website http://www.wilmington-chamber.com/

Wilmington is a neighborhood in the South Los Angeles area of Los Angeles, California, covering 9.14 square miles.

Featuring a heavy concentration of industry and the third-largest oil field in the United States, it is considered sparsely populated in comparison with the city as a whole and within the city it is distinguished by its youthful population and high percentage of Latino and foreign-born residents.

It is the site of Los Angeles Harbor College, Banning High School and ten other primary and secondary schools. Wilmington has six parks, including one on the waterfront.

Wilmington dates its history back to a 1784 Spanish land grant. It became a separate city in 1863, and it joined the city of Los Angeles in 1909. Places of interest include the U.S. Army headquarters for Southern California and the Arizona territory during the Civil War.

Geography

Wilmington shares borders with Carson to the north, Long Beach to the east, San Pedro to the south and west and Harbor City to the northwest.[2]

Demographics

A total of 53,815 people were living within Wilmington's 9.14 square miles, according to the 2010 U.S. census—averaging 5,887 people per square mile, among the lowest population densities in the city as a whole. The median age was 28. The percentages of people from birth through age 34 were among the county's highest. Population was estimated at 54,512 in 2008.[3]

Wilmington is not considered very diverse ethnically, with a diversity index of 0.245.[4] In 2000, Latinos made up 86.6% of the population, while whites were at 6.4%, Asians at 4.8%, blacks at 2.6% and others at 1.7%. Mexico and Guatemala were the most common places of birth for the 44.5% of the residents who were born abroad, considered a high percentage of foreign-born when compared with the city and the county as a whole.[3]

The $40,627 median household income in 2008 dollars was average for the city. Renters occupied 61.5% of the housing units, with homeowners occupying the rest. In 2000 there were 1,524 military veterans, or 4.6% of the population, relatively low in comparison to the city and county as a whole.[3]

History

Phineas Banning

The Port of Los Angeles district of Wilmington was included in the 1784 Spanish land grant of Rancho San Pedro.[5] Phineas Banning acquired the land that would become Wilmington from Manuel Dominguez, heir of the original concession holder Juan Jose Dominguez, in 1858 to build a harbor for the city of Los Angeles.[5] Known as New San Pedro from 1858 to 1863, it was subsequently named Wilmington by “Father of the Harbor”[6]:7 Phineas Banning after his Delaware birthplace.[1]

In 1861, at the beginning of the Civil War, Banning and Benjamin Wilson gave the federal government 60 acres of land to build Drum Barracks to protect the nascent Los Angeles harbor from Confederate attack.[6]:8

Wilson College, precursor to the University of Southern California, opened in Wilmington in 1874 as the first coeducational college west of the Mississippi.

The City of Los Angeles annexed Wilmington in 1909,[7] and today it and neighboring San Pedro form the waterfront of one of the world’s largest import/export centers. Citizens of Wilmington were dubious that annexation would be in their best interests, fearing that it would shift economic activity out of their city and towards Los Angeles. Because the city government of Los Angeles so strongly wanted to have the growing port inside the city limits, it made a number of promises to Wilmington and also to the equally-dubious citizens of San Pedro. Among these promises were that $10 million would be invested in improvements to the port and that as much would be spent inside the city on public works as was collected in taxes.[8]

In the 1920s, William Wrigley Jr. built innovative housing in Wilmington that was dubbed the “Court of Nations.”[6]:9

Wilmington Oil Field

Wilmington is adjacent to the Wilmington Oil Field, discovered in 1932. It is the third largest oil field in the continental United States. Consequently, there are at least 8 major refineries in the Wilmington area, many of them dating back to the original strike.[9]

During World War II the United States Military operated the Los Angeles Port of Embarkation in Wilmington, from which soldiers and sailors were sent abroad to battle zones. The LAPE was controlled by the San Francisco Port of Embarkation from its inception in 1942 until late 1943 when it became autonomous.[6]:9 The California Shipbuilding Corporation, famous for building victory ships during the war (although usually associated with Terminal Island), operated in Wilmington as well.[10]

Points of interest

Drum Barracks

Government and infrastructure

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Torrance Health Center in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, near Torrance and serving Wilmington.[14]

The United States Postal Service Wilmington Post Office is located at 1008 North Avalon Boulevard.[15]

Education

Only 5.1% of Wilmington residents aged 25 or older had completed a four-year degree by 2000, a low figure when compared with the city and the county at large, and the percentage of those residents with less than a high school diploma was high for the county.[3]

Schools

Wilmington is part of the Los Angeles Unified School District. The area is in Board District 7.[16] As of September 2009, the leadership of District 7 was under Interim Superintendent Dr. George McKenna.[17]

The only post-secondary school in Wilmington is Los Angeles Harbor College at 1111 Figueroa Place.[18]

Secondary and primary schools include:[19][20]

Libraries

Wilmington Branch Library

Los Angeles Public Library operates the Wilmington Branch.[21]

Recreation and parks

Notable people

Martin Moreno

Gallery

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 John Steven McGroarty (1921). Los Angeles from the mountains to the sea: with selected biography of actors and witnesses to the period of growth and achievement. American Historical Society. p. 14. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  2. ↑ "Harbor," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Wilmington," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times
  4. ↑ "Diversity," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times
  5. 1 2 Olivia Cueva-Fernández (21 February 2011). Mexican Americans in Wilmington. Arcadia Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-7385-8174-3. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Wilmington Historical Society (23 April 2008). Wilmington. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-5610-9. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  7. ↑ Los Angeles examiner, Los Angeles (1912). Press reference library: being the portraits and biographies of progressive men of the Southwest. The Los Angeles examiner. p. 134. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  8. ↑ Robert M. Fogelson (9 June 1993). The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930. University of California Press. p. 117. ISBN 978-0-520-08230-4. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  9. ↑ Gordon Laird (10 November 2009). The Price of a Bargain: The Quest for Cheap and the Death of Globalization. Macmillan. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-230-61491-8. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  10. ↑ Roger W. Lotchin (2003). The Bad City in the Good War: San Francisco, Los Angeles, Oakland, and San Diego. Indiana University Press. p. 163. ISBN 978-0-253-21546-8. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  11. ↑ Virtual Globetrotting: "World's Largest Jack-O-Lantern"
  12. ↑ Convenience Store News: "The Great Pumpkin Returns to ConocoPhillips' Wilmington Refinery", October 14, 2005.
  13. ↑ The Banning Museum
  14. ↑ "Torrance Health Center." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
  15. ↑ "Post Office Location - WILMINGTON." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.
  16. ↑ Board District 7 Map. Los Angeles Unified School District. Retrieved on November 24, 2008.
  17. ↑ "." Los Angeles Unified School District. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.
  18. ↑ Harbor College website
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Thomas Guide, 2006, pages 794 and 824
  20. ↑ "Wilmington Schools," Mapping L.A., Los Angeles Times
  21. ↑ "Wilmington Branch Library." Los Angeles Public Library. Retrieved on March 23, 2010.
  22. ↑ Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks
  23. ↑ Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks
  24. ↑ Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks
  25. ↑ Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks
  26. ↑ Los Angeles Department of Recreation and Parks
  27. ↑ "Wilmington Waterfront Park". Port of Los Angeles. Retrieved 9 August 2012.
  28. ↑ Los Angeles Public Library reference file
  29. ↑ Los Angeles Public Library reference file
  30. ↑ "Asa Keyes Succumbs to Stroke," Los Angeles Times, page 1. (Access to this link may require the use of a library card.)
  31. ↑ Los Angeles Public Library reference file

Further reading

External links

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