World Fencing Championships
The World Championships in Fencing is an annual competition organized by the Fédération Internationale d'Escrime or FIE, (International Fencing Federation in English). The world championships are, after the Olympic Games, the most prominent international competition in the sport of fencing. Contestants may participate in foil, épée, and sabre events.
History
The FIE first organized an international fencing championship in Paris in 1921. The competition in its early years was named the European Championships (Championnats d'Europe) and the initial participants were members of the fencing federations of the FIE. In 1921, the only event was men's epee individual. In 1922 and 1923, men's sabre individual was also held. In 1925, only men's sabre individual was held. Since 1926, men's individual events have been held in all three weapons: epee, foil, and sabre. In 1929, women's foil was added to the program as well as a men's foil team event. Men's epee and sabre teams were added in 1930 and women's foil team in 1932. Women's epee individual and team events were added in 1988 and women's sabre individual and team in 1999.
After the 1936 Olympics, the government of Benito Mussolini in Italy offered national recognition and privileges to winners of Olympic or world titles but not European titles.[1] The Italian fencing federation requested that the FIE change the name of the European Championships to World Championships (Championnats du Monde). The FIE approved this request and gave retroactive World Championship status to the previous European Championships.
Since 1921, the FIE championships have occurred annually except for an interruption forced by World War II from 1939 to 1946 and in some of the years when the Summer Olympics are held. The fencing competitions at the Summer Olympics have served as the World Championships of the year for the relevant events. Since 1932, World Championships have been held during the Olympic years only for those events not being held during that year's Summer Olympics. For the years 1932, 1936, 1948, 1952, and 1956, World Championships were held only in Women's Foil Team since that event was not on the Olympic program during those years. After this event was added to the Olympic program beginning with the 1960 Olympics, the FIE stopped holding World Championships during the Olympic years until 1988 when women's epee individual and women's epee team events were added to the World Championship program but the IOC declined to add these events to the Olympic program. A World Championship in these two events was again held in 1992 for the same reason. Finally, in 1996 the IOC added these two events to the Olympic program and the FIE again stopped holding a World Championship in an Olympic year.
When the FIE added women's sabre to the World Championships in 1999, the IOC refused to add these two events to the 2000 Olympic program and so the FIE held a World Championships in only women's sabre in 2000. For the 2004 Olympics, the IOC allowed women's sabre to be contested at the Olympics but only under the condition that the number of fencing events being contested (individual and team) remain at ten. The FIE reluctantly agreed to this condition and has satisfied it by not contesting two of the team events at the Olympics but holding World Championships for them instead during those years. So World Championships have been held but Olympic events have not been held for the following events:
2004 - women's foil team, women's sabre team 2008 - men's foil team, women's epee team 2012 - men's epee team, women's sabre team
These World Fencing Championships are usually referred to as Senior World Fencing Championships because the FIE also runs three other World Championships. Beginning in 1950, the FIE also sanctioned an annual competitions which it originally called the Junior World Criterium (Criterium Mondial des Jeunes). Entries were originally restricted to those 21 years of age or lower but in 1960 the age limit was dropped to 20. In 1964, the name of the competition was officially changed to Junior World Championships and world championship status was retroactively granted to the participants of the previous competitions.
Beginning in 1987, the FIE began sanctioning an annual competition called the Cadet World Championships. Entries were restricted to those 17 years of age or lower. Originally the Junior and Cadet World Championships were held in different cities on different dates but beginning in 1993 they've been called the Junior/Cadet World Championships and have been held at the same venue with all of the cadet events held first followed by all of the junior events.
Beginning in 1997, the FIE began sanctioning an annual competition called the Veteran World Championships. Entries were restricted to those 40 years of age or older the first year and 50 years or older in subsequent years.
Hosts
Hosting tally
- Hosting nations 1937–2015
| Times hosted | Host country |
|---|---|
| 9 |  France |
| 7 |  Hungary,  Italy |
| 3 |  Cuba,  United States,  Russia |
| 2 |  Argentina,  Austria,  Germany,  Netherlands,  Portugal,  Sweden,  Switzerland,  Turkey |
| 1 |  Australia, .svg.png){kind=small} Belgium,  Bulgaria,  Canada,  China,  Denmark,  Egypt,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Monaco,  Poland,  Czechoslovakia,  South Korea,  South Africa,  Soviet Union,  Spain,  Ukraine,  United Kingdom, West Germany |
World Champions
Foil
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Épée
Sabre
Total medals by country
This table has been last updated after 2015 World Fencing Championships. This only counts the World Championships since 1937 and do not include the results of the fencing competitions at the Summer Olympics.
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soviet Union Russia | 90 47 137 | 57 24 81 | 50 30 80 |
197 |
| 2 | Italy | 110 | 98 | 119 | 327 |
| 3 | Hungary | 89 | 82 | 92 | 263 |
| 4 | France | 86 | 86 | 88 | 260 |
| 5 | Germany West Germany East Germany | 22 25 0 47 | 29 26 1 56 | 39 14 3 56 | 90 65 4 159 |
| 6 | Poland | 17 | 28 | 38 | 83 |
| 7 |  Romania | 13 | 24 | 27 | 64 |
| 8 | Ukraine | 10 | 11 | 12 | 33 |
| 9 | China | 7 | 17 | 16 | 30 |
| 10 | Sweden | 7 | 13 | 17 | 36 |
| 11 | United States | 7 | 8 | 8 | 23 |
| 12 | Cuba | 6 | 5 | 9 | 20 |
| 13 |  Estonia | 4 | 5 | 5 | 14 |
| 14 | Denmark | 4 | 3 | 3 | 10 |
| 15 | Austria | 4 | 0 | 5 | 9 |
| 16 | South Korea | 3 | 7 | 16 | 26 |
| 17 | Great Britain | 3 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
| 18 |  Azerbaijan | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
| 19 | Switzerland | 1 | 7 | 9 | 17 |
| 20 | Bulgaria | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 |
| 21 | Czechoslovakia | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 |
| 22 | Spain | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 |
| 23 |  Japan | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
| 24 | Belgium | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 25 | Canada | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 26 | Portugal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Venezuela | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 28 | Egypt | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 |
| 29 | Netherlands | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 30 |  Belarus | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
 Tunisia | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| 32 |  Colombia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Finland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
 Norway | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | 498 | 497 | 599 | 1590 | |
Multiple medallist
The list refers to individual and team events and include men and women (in pink color), sorted by number of individual titles.[2][3]
| # | Fencer | Individual | Team | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
 |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
| 1 | Valentina Vezzali |
6 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 14 | 5 | 3 |
| 2 | Stanislav Pozdnyakov |
5 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 5 | 2 |
| 3 | Alexandr Romankov |
5 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Pavel Kolobkov |
4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | Christian d'Oriola |
4 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 3 | 0 |
| 6 | Jerzy Pawłowski |
3 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 5 |
See also
References
- ↑ Cohen. By the Sword. pp. 375, footnote.
- ↑ "Les escrimeurs multimédaillés aux Championnats du Monde" (in French). sportquick.com. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
- ↑ "Intervista a Valentina Vezzali - "Mi sono risollevata da sola" (PDF) (in Italian). cataniaescrime2011.com. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
Sources
- Cohen, Richard (2002). By the Sword. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-375-50417-6.
External links
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