Wouter van Twiller

Wouter van Twiller
A painting of Wouter van Twiller by Washington Allston (detail)
5th Director-General of New Netherland
In office 1633–1638
Preceded by	Sebastiaen Jansen Krol
Succeeded by	Willem Kieft
Personal details
Born	May 22, 1606 Nijkerk
Died	August 29, 1654 Amsterdam

Wouter van Twiller (May 22, 1606 – buried August 29, 1654) was an employee of the Dutch West India Company and the Director-General of New Netherland from 1633 until 1638. He succeeded Peter Minuit, who was recalled by the Dutch West India authorities in Amsterdam for unknown reasons.

Life and career

Van Twiller, who was born in Nijkerk, the son of Ryckaert and Maria Van Rensselaer Van Twiller. Kiliaen van Rensselaer was his maternal uncle.^[1]

He was appointed to the position because he had made two voyages to New Netherland colony before. He was a clerk in the warehouse of the Dutch West India company. Rensselaer entrusted him with shipping cattle to Rensselaerswyck, his colonial estate on the Hudson River. Van Twiller was somewhat acquainted with the geography of New Netherlands and the condition of its affairs. Largely through Van Rensselaer's influence the Dutch West India Company chose him as the new Director-General of New Netherlands,^[2] and he set sail for New Amsterdam in the ship De Soutberg.

Amid a considerable amount of land and properties, including islands known in the present day as Roosevelt Island and Randalls and Wards Islands, van Twiller purchased 'Noten Eylant', later called Governors Island^[3] from a tribe of Canarsee Indians for two axe heads, a string of beads and some iron nails. While in office, settlers from New England occupied the Connecticut Valley and he was never able to oust them.^[2] He was able to defend the Dutch territory in the Delaware Valley, where his soldiers captured a shipload of intended settlers from Virginia and expelled soldiers who had taken Fort Nassau.^[4]

Van Twiller was able to both increase the colony's prosperity and amass a private fortune despite conflicts with Everhardus Bogardus, Dutch Reformed predikant of the New Netherland colony; and fiscaal Lubbert van Dincklagen, who didn't think much of his ability to manage the affairs of New Netherland properly. To succeed van Twiller as Director-General, the Dutch West India Company sent Willem Kieft in September 1637. Van Twiller subsequently returned to the Netherlands and assumed guardianship of Johannes, eldest son of Killian van Rensselaer, following the death of that patroon in 1644.^[2] He died in Amsterdam.

See also

• Dutch colonization of the Americas
• Dutch Empire
• List of colonial governors of New Jersey
• List of colonial governors of New York

References

Notes

1. Reynolds, Cuyler. "Van Rensselaer", Genealogical and Family History of Southern New York and the Hudson River Valley, Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1914
2. "Wouter van Twiller", New Netherland Institute
3. Burrows, Edwin G. & Wallace, Mike (1999). Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195116348., p.29
4. Brodhead, John Romeyn (1853). History of the State of New York: First Period 1609-1664. Harper & Brothers. pp. 254–255.

Bibliography

• New Amsterdam Project
• Griffis, William Elliot The Story of New Netherland. The Dutch In America Chapter VI. The Riverside Press. Cambridge. 1909
• Jacobs, Jaap. New Netherland: A Dutch Colony in Seventeenth-Century America. Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 2005. ISBN 90-04-12906-5.
• Johnson, Allen (ed.) Dutch and English on the Hudson (Chapter IV). New Haven: Yale University Press. 1919
•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Thurston, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "^{article name needed}". New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.