XPO5

Exportin 5
The human exportin-5 protein (red) in complex with Ran-GTP (yellow) and a pre-microRNA (green), showing two-nucleotide overhang recognition element (orange). From PDB: 3A6P​.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 3A6P​
Identifiers
Symbols	XPO5 ; exp5
External IDs	OMIM: 607845 MGI: 1913789 HomoloGene: 69316 GeneCards: XPO5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • tRNA binding • RNA binding • mRNA binding • protein binding • Ran GTPase binding • protein transporter activity • poly(A) RNA binding • pre-miRNA binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • cytosol • RNA nuclear export complex Biological process • protein export from nucleus • gene expression • pre-miRNA export from nucleus • positive regulation of RNA interference Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	57510	72322
Ensembl	ENSG00000124571	ENSMUSG00000067150
UniProt	Q9HAV4	Q924C1
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_020750	NM_028198
RefSeq (protein)	NP_065801	NP_082474
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 43.52 – 43.58 Mb	Chr 17: 46.2 – 46.24 Mb
PubMed search

Exportin-5 (XPO5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XPO5 gene.^[1][2][3]

Exportin-5 is a member of the karyopherin family.^[3] In metazoa, it is involved in transport of pre-microRNA out of the nucleus, where such molecules are generated by the Microprocessor complex, and into the cytoplasm for further processing by the Dicer enzyme.^[4][5][6][7]

The plant homolog is called HASTY; although it is known to be required for the miRNA biogenesis pathway, its role in nuclear export is less clear than it is in animals.^[8]

Interactions

XPO5 has been shown to interact with ILF3^[1] and Ran.^[1]

References

1. Brownawell AM, Macara IG (Jan 2002). "Exportin-5, a novel karyopherin, mediates nuclear export of double-stranded RNA binding proteins". The Journal of Cell Biology 156 (1): 53–64. doi:10.1083/jcb.200110082. PMC 2173575. PMID 11777942.
2. Bohnsack MT, Regener K, Schwappach B, Saffrich R, Paraskeva E, Hartmann E, Görlich D (Nov 2002). "Exp5 exports eEF1A via tRNA from nuclei and synergizes with other transport pathways to confine translation to the cytoplasm". The EMBO Journal 21 (22): 6205–15. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf613. PMC 137205. PMID 12426392.
3. "Entrez Gene: XPO5 exportin 5".
4. Yi R, Qin Y, Macara IG, Cullen BR (Dec 2003). "Exportin-5 mediates the nuclear export of pre-microRNAs and short hairpin RNAs". Genes & Development 17 (24): 3011–6. doi:10.1101/gad.1158803. PMID 14681208.
5. Wilson RC, Doudna JA (2013). "Molecular mechanisms of RNA interference". Annual Review of Biophysics 42: 217–39. doi:10.1146/annurev-biophys-083012-130404. PMID 23654304.
6. Siomi H, Siomi MC (May 2010). "Posttranscriptional regulation of microRNA biogenesis in animals". Molecular Cell 38 (3): 323–32. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2010.03.013. PMID 20471939.
7. Macias S, Cordiner RA, Cáceres JF (Aug 2013). "Cellular functions of the microprocessor". Biochemical Society Transactions 41 (4): 838–43. doi:10.1042/BST20130011. PMID 23863141.
8. Voinnet O (Feb 2009). "Origin, biogenesis, and activity of plant microRNAs". Cell 136 (4): 669–87. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.046. PMID 19239888.

Further reading

• Calado A, Treichel N, Müller EC, Otto A, Kutay U (Nov 2002). "Exportin-5-mediated nuclear export of eukaryotic elongation factor 1A and tRNA". The EMBO Journal 21 (22): 6216–24. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf620. PMC 137209. PMID 12426393.
• Gwizdek C, Ossareh-Nazari B, Brownawell AM, Doglio A, Bertrand E, Macara IG, Dargemont C (Feb 2003). "Exportin-5 mediates nuclear export of minihelix-containing RNAs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (8): 5505–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200668200. PMID 12509441.
• Gwizdek C, Ossareh-Nazari B, Brownawell AM, Evers S, Macara IG, Dargemont C (Jan 2004). "Minihelix-containing RNAs mediate exportin-5-dependent nuclear export of the double-stranded RNA-binding protein ILF3". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 279 (2): 884–91. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306808200. PMID 14570900.
• Lund E, Güttinger S, Calado A, Dahlberg JE, Kutay U (Jan 2004). "Nuclear export of microRNA precursors". Science 303 (5654): 95–8. doi:10.1126/science.1090599. PMID 14631048.
• Bohnsack MT, Czaplinski K, Gorlich D (Feb 2004). "Exportin 5 is a RanGTP-dependent dsRNA-binding protein that mediates nuclear export of pre-miRNAs". Rna 10 (2): 185–91. doi:10.1261/rna.5167604. PMC 1370530. PMID 14730017.
• Chen T, Brownawell AM, Macara IG (Aug 2004). "Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of JAZ, a new cargo protein for exportin-5". Molecular and Cellular Biology 24 (15): 6608–19. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.15.6608-6619.2004. PMC 444848. PMID 15254228.
• Yi R, Doehle BP, Qin Y, Macara IG, Cullen BR (Feb 2005). "Overexpression of exportin 5 enhances RNA interference mediated by short hairpin RNAs and microRNAs". Rna 11 (2): 220–6. doi:10.1261/rna.7233305. PMC 1370710. PMID 15613540.