Yadgir district

Yadgir district location in Karnataka.

Yadgir district (Kannada: ಯಾದಗಿರಿ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ) is one of the 30 districts of Karnataka state in southern India. This district was carved out from the erstwhile Gulbarga district as the 30th district of Karnataka on 10 April 2010.^[1] Yadgir town is the administrative headquarters of the district.^[2] The district occupies an area of 5,160.88 km².

Divisions and history

The district comprises three taluks: Shahpur, Surpur and Yadgir.^[2] The district has 16 hoblies, 117 Gram Panchayets, 519 villages (inhabited & uninhabited) and four municipalities.

History

Yadgir, popularly called as “Yadavagiri” by the local people, was once a capital of the Yadava Kingdom. It has a rich historical and cultural traditions. Yadavas, chose Yadgir to be their capital and ruled from here from 1347 to 1425 AD. Yadgir district has its deep roots in history. The famous dynasties of the south, the Satavahans, the Chalukyas of Badami, the Rastrkuta, Shahis, the Aidil shahis, the Nizam Shahis have ruled over the district.

In 1504 Yadgir (Gulbarga) was permanently annexed to Adil Shahi kingdom of Bijapur. In 1657 with the invasion of Mir Jumla it passed into the hands of Mughals. Later with the establishment of Asaf Jahi (Nizam) Dynasty of Hyderabad (1724–1948) Yadgir and Gulbarga came under it. In 1863 when Nizam Government formed Jillabandi, Surpur (Shorapur) became district headquarters, with nine Talukas of which Gulbarga was one of them. In 1873 Gulbarga was formed into Separate district with seven taluks. With reorganization of states in 1956 Gulbarga became Part of Karnataka State and Divisional headquarters. (Yadgiri is one of the taluka comes under Gulbarga district).

The Bahamani rulers built Gulbarga city with Palaces, Mosques, Gumbazs, Bazaars and other public buildings. There are five score large and small Marques and three score and ten Darghas in Gulbarga. The City is described as a “Garden of Gumbazs” So also number of Temples, churches and other religious centers are spread all over the city. (In Yadgir Yadava dynasty fort situated in middle of the hill.)

In side the fort the Jumma Masjid, a noteworthy monument of Gulbarga is in well preserved condition. It is said that it resembles the famous mosque of ‘Cordova’ city in Spain. The Masjid measuring 216 ft. east-west and 176 ft north south covering an area of 38016 sq ft. Happens to be the only mosque in India, which is completely covered. Fergusson observes this “as one of the most remarkable of its class in India in some respect unique.

Yadgir district is the second smallest district in the state, area wise is very rich in cultural traditions. The vast stretch of fertile black soil of the district is known for bumper red gram and jawar crops. The district is a “Daal bowl” of the state. The district is also known for cluster of cement industries and a distinct stone popularly known as “Malakheda Stone”.

Two main rivers, Krishna and Bhima, and a few tributaries flow in this region. The upper Krishna project and Shahapur Taluka in Bendebembali “Core Green Sugar Factory yet to be started. Yadgir which is known the cement, textile, leather, and chemical production in the industrial sectors. The Agriculture College located in Bheemarayana Gudi (B.Gudi).

The cabinet meeting held at Gulbarga on 26 September 2008 resolved that Yadgir would be formed as new district. Accordingly, the Hon'ble Chief Minister declared Yadgir as new district. The Government appointed an IAS officer as Special Officer for Yadgir district until the final notification of district was published in the Karnataka Gazette. Although the Government issued Gazette Notification declared Yadgir a district of Karnataka State on 26 December 2009, it did not take effect until 30 December 2009.^[3]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Yadgir district has a population of 1,172,985,^[4] roughly equal to the nation of Timor-Leste^[5] or the US state of Rhode Island.^[6] This gives it a ranking of 404th in India (out of a total of 640).^[4] The district has a population density of 224 inhabitants per square kilometre (580/sq mi) .^[4] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 22.67%.^[4] Yadgir has a sex ratio of 984 females for every 1000 males,^[4] and a literacy rate of 52.36%.^[4]

Education

It has 1,024 primary schools, 149 high schools, 40 pre-university colleges, six degree colleges, and 1 polytechnic institute.

Yadgir district has 933 primary schools, out of which 464 LPS, 469 are higher primary schools and 121 high school having classes VIII to X are run by education department. There are 1223 Anganwadi centers run by the Department of Women & Child Development. 605 schools are providing lower primary education. Out of 605 schools 464 schools are run by education department, 1 school by social welfare department, 3 are aided schools and 137 are unaided schools.587 Schools are providing higher primary education. Out of 587 schools 469 schools are run by education department, 15 schools are run by social welfare department, 26 schools are aided schools, and 77 are unaided schools.200 Schools are providing High school education. Out of 200 schools 119 schools are run by education department, 16 schools are run by social welfare department, 15 schools are aided schools and 50 are unaided schools.

A project to support high schools to integrate ICTs with teaching-learning has been launched with the education department, this includes use of free and open source applications like Geogebra, Phet, and Freemind. Participating schools include GHS Honagera. The project Kalike Samrudhi Upakrama involves an umbrella of NGOs including Kalike, and IT for Change.

Major institutions are:

1. Chiranjeevi Methodist High School (Eng & Kan medium)
2. Mahatma Gandhi High School & PU Science College
3. Dhoka Jain High School
4. Don Bosco School & College
5. Jawar Education Society
6. R.V. Education Trust
7. New Kannada Higher Primary School & College
8. Sri Chennareddy Patil PU College
9. Chiranjeevi Methodist Composite PU College
10. Government Degree College
11. Government Higher
12. Nivedita Education Society
13. Govt. Junior College
14. Yadgir Polytechnic (managed by Luqman Trust, Gulbarga)
15. Shri Balaji Lower Primary school Balajainagar (Basavanthapur)

Medical facilities

The district has three hospitals, three ayurvedic hospitals, 37 public health centres, six community health centers, 20 dispensaries and 120 family welfare sub-centers.

Scenic and cultural places

Waterfalls called Dhab Dabi about 5 km from Gurmitkal and about 30 km from yadgir a visual treat in monsoon.

'Chintanalli' famous for the temple of lord 'Gavi Siddeshwara' where the lord resides in a cave with natural water flowing over the temple and falling at the entrance and thus making every devotee to have a shower before having lords blessings. There is also a bridge cum barrage constructed across river Bheema which is some 4 km from the city well connected by road.

Sleeping Buddha in Shahapur taluk was formed by four hills looks like a sleeping Buddha.

Notes and references

1. "Yadgir becomes State's 30th district". The Hindu. 11 April 2010. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012.
2. Sivanandan, T. V. (30 December 2009). "Yadgir district to become reality today". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 23 August 2011.
3. "Yadgir History". Official Website of Yadgir District. Government of Karataka. Archived from the original on 16 July 2014.
4. "District Census 2011". Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011.
5. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Timor-Leste, 1,177,834, July 2011 est.
6. "2010 Resident Population Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Rhode Island: 1,052,567

External links

Coordinates: 16°46′00″N 77°08′00″E / 16.7667°N 77.1333°E