Yal (boat)

Russian wooden planked hull yals, model "Yal-4".
Russian Tsar and his family recreat in a "Yal-4" (4 oars)

Yal (from Dutch: jol to Russian: ял) – Russian and Soviet Naval transom stern light weight rowing-boat with one removable mast and sailing gear. A small yal is sometimes called a yalik, the diminutive form of yal. Yals have been used as life-boats, mooring boats, supply boats, and small fishing boats since the 19th century.

Yals can be used for communication with the shore, working alongside a larger boat (as for mooring operations, kedge operations, etc.), for light cargo or personnel transportation, or for supply operations. They are also popular for sport and tourism purposes.

The six-oar, four-oar and two-oar yals have one mast used to support two quadlilateral standing split-lug sails. Wooden yals are constructed of oak keels, stem and stern posts, ash thwarts and gratings, and pine or laminated glued spruce strakes.

Types of yals according to the materials used for the manufacture of distinguished, the last digit means the maximum quantity of oars:

Two-oar yal

Length - 3.55 m

Width - 1.25 m

The two-oars yal is rigged with a split-lug sail and is able to carry up to three people for short distances in sea conditions up to 2 points on the Beaufort scale.

Four-oar yal

Four-oared yal of Boat-Base Monterey sailing in Moss Landing, California, 2002

Length - 5.26 m

Width - 1.61 m

This yal is able to carry up to eight people.

The four-oared yal is rigged with a split-lug sail on a single mast, and sometimes can be supplied with outboard motor. Often referred to as a "gig" (gichka in Russian).Able to transport light goods or people.

Six-oar yal

"Yal-6", six-oars yal, on the shore of lake Bolon.

Length - 6.11 m

Width - 1.85 m

Maximum persons on board if winds not more than 5 points as per Beaufort scale, in areas closed from the waves:

Yal-6 or six-oar yal - seaworthy boat is rigged with a split-lug sail on a single mast. Originally the yal-6 was made of wood, but since the late 1990s more commonly made of plastic. Propelled with oars, sails or outboard motor.

This yal has the following parameters: length - 6,11 m, width - 1,85 m, height from keel to gunwale (amidships) - 0.91 m, weight 600–650 kg (wooden), 450–500 kg (plastic).[1]

Jalbut – is it kind of dhow or yal?

The boats pictured below are sometimes referred to as a dhow (as a kind of dhow) due to its location in the Indian Ocean dhow area. Some writers have mentioned that the jalbut was used first in the Persian Gulf and later it expanded to other areas. It is possible, as the number of crew and hull construction conform to the 19th century naval yawl-boat, that yals came in South-East Africa from the Russian Imperial Navy ships were running around the Africa or Soviet Navy ships were based in regions of the Indian Ocean and the yal influenced local jalbut or dhow design. Yals in Kenya can be supplied with one balanced mast. Note that the Russian yal and jalbut have a more similar style of dhow bow and stern also. The dhow bow has typically a much sharper bow configuration than that of its Kenyan counterparts.

Jalbut or jalibut or jelbut or modern dhow is increased size (mostly more longer than yal) of yal-6. Due to transom stern jalbut is mostly motor-ship that often has deck and not so often use oars and sail or sails. Bow and transom stern of jalbut are the same type about as yal. Like Jalbut (Jalibut) received name from jal as during 1960–1970 years Soviet Union military and merchant vessels equped with yals often visited countries of some countries of Persian gulf and that vessels often used jals.

You can see photo with jalbut here http://www.al-bab.com/bys/articles/taylorpix2.htm# FIGURE 6

Books

See also

References

  1. ↑ «Шестивесельный ял» — «Словарь по естественным наукам. Глоссарий.ру» в Яндекс Словарях (Dictionary of the natural sciences. Glossariy in Yandex.ru dictionaries).

External links

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