Yehuda Bacon

Yehuda Bacon, 2008

Yehuda Bacon (Hebrew: יהודה בקון‎; born July 28, 1929 in Ostrava) is an Israeli artist (also shown as, especially in German, Jehuda Bacon and Yehuda Bakon).

Life until 1945

Yehuda Bacon was born as a son of a Hasidic (Orthodox Jewish) family. In the fall of 1942, at the age of 13, Bacon was deported with his family from Ostrava to the Ghetto Theresienstadt, where he shared a room with George Brady. In Theresienstadt he played in the children's opera Brundibár. In December 1943, he was deported to the concentration and extermination camp Auschwitz-Birkenau, where he and other imprisoned children were used to bedazzle the International Committee of the Red Cross in the so-called "family camp". In fact, the "Birkenau Boys" were used for transport work in the entire complex of Auschwitz II-Birkenau.

In June 1944, Bacon saw his father murdered in the gas chambers. At this time, his mother and his sister Hanna were deported to the Stutthof concentration camp, where they died a few weeks before its liberation. On January 18, 1945 Bacon was sent on the camp's death march, which lasted three days and led him through the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp to its subcamp Gunskirchen. In March, Bacon was sent on another death march to a subcamp of Mauthausen, Gunskirchen, in the woods. As he reports, there was no food, water or clothing. On May 5, 1945 Bacon was liberated by the US Army. Before the SS guards left the camp, they poisoned the rest of the food. Many inmates had died from the effects of high food supply, which their bodies could not absorb anymore. Bacon and his friend Wolfie Adler (who later became an Israeli rabbi and published a book about his experiences) left the camp. US soldiers brought them to a hospital in the Austrian town Steyr.

Bacon drove back to Prague after he recovered more-or-less in a convent run by Catholic nuns. He hoped to see his mother and sisters there again. He lived in an orphanage not far from Prague in Štiřín, which was established by the Czech educator and humanist Přemysl Pitter. Here he was also taught by the writer H.G. Adler. Through Pitter and Adler, he found a way to live after the liberation.

Inside Yad Vashem Museum in Jerusalem with the reproduction of the painting by Yehuda Bacon.

Life after liberation and migration to Israel

After liberation, Bacon decided to become an artist — to process his experiences and to try to describe what he lived through. As a survivor he feels a responsibility to tell his story and to teach to future generations to make them aware of their responsibility in the present and the future. He was among the first survivors of the Shoah to set foot again on German soil. In 1946 Bacon migrated with the help of the Youth Aliyah to then Palestine. There he studied at the prestigious Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design, where he also was appointed as a professor of graphic and drawing in 1959, after several study visits in Paris and London. The drawings show details and sequences of what he saw in the concentration camps and which he already made as a teenager shortly after the liberation as well as his testimony served as evidence in trials against Nazi criminals (including the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem and the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials) and were also used in the litigation against Holocaust denier David Irving, who challenges the existence of gas chambers in Auschwitz.

His Œuvre consists of a synergistic interaction: on the one hand, Bacon processes the experiences of his childhood and youth in the concentration camps, on the other he is searching for a way of understanding through his art. Bacon was early part of interfaith dialogues and Israeli-Palestinian dialogue in the 1950s. His art is shown in several museums and collections around the world, among the Israel Museum and Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, the United States Congress in Washington D.C., in the homes of Theodore Roosevelt, John D. Rockefeller, Martin Buber and Chaim Weizmann as well as in London. Exhibitions have taken him to Germany, the US and the UK.

Personal

Yehuda Bacon lives with his wife Leah Bacon in Jerusalem. He has two sons and a daughter by a former marriage to Josephine Bacon.

Exhibitions and collections (selection)

Collections

Solo Exhibitions

Two-person exhibitions

Group Exhibitions

References

    External links

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