Zhongshan Park (Beijing)

Zhongshan Park
The "Altar of Earth and Harvests" built in 1421
Type	Urban park
Location	Beijing, China
Area	23 hectares
Created	1421(as Altar of Land and Grain) 1928 (as a public park)
Owned by	Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks
Status	Open all year

The Zhongshan Park (Chinese: 中山公园/中山公園), is a former imperial garden and now a public park that lies just southwest of the Forbidden City in the Imperial City, Beijing.

Of all the gardens and parks surrounding the Forbidden City, such as the Beihai and Jingshan, Zhongshan is arguably the most centrally located of them all.^[1] The Zhongshan Park houses numerous pavilions, gardens, and imperial temples such as the Altar of Earth and Harvests or Altar of Land and Grain in some translations (Shejitan, 社稷坛), which was built in 1421 by the Yongle Emperor,^[2] and it symmetrically opposite the Imperial Ancestral Temple, and is where the emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties made offerings to the gods of earth and agriculture.^[1] The altar consists of a square terrace in the centre of the park.

By 1914, the altar grounds had become a public park known as the "Central Park". That park was then further renamed in 1928 after Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan Park), in memory of China's first revolutionary political leader who helped bring about the first republic era in 1911, which is what the park is known as today.^[3] Many parks in China during that period also took on this name (see Zhongshan Park).

The Zhongshan Park includes various halls and pavilions built for the members of the imperial family, stone archways and a greenhouse which houses fresh flowers on display all year round. The greenhouse includes 39 varieties of tulips presented to the park in 1977 by the Princess of Holland.

Gallery

The Altar of Earth and Harvests
This stone archway was erected by the Chinese government (Qing) at the time to commemorate Baron von Kettler, killed during the Yihetuan Movement in 1900
The south gate into the park

Notes and references

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zhongshan Park.

Official website

Coordinates: 39°54′30″N 116°23′18″E / 39.90833°N 116.38833°E / 39.90833; 116.38833

List of major city parks, gardens and landscapes in urban Beijing

Geography of Beijing

Imperial and classical	Forbidden City Temple of Heaven Summer Palace Yuanmingyuan Park Temple of Earth Temple of Agriculture Temple of Moon Temple of Sun Zhongshan Park Purple Bamboo Park Yuyuantan Park Taoranting Park Beihai Park Fragrant Hills Jingshan Park Lotus Pond Park Yuan Dynasty City Wall Relics Park Ming Dynasty City Wall Relics Park Badachu Grandview Garden Shichahai Lakes Prince Gong Mansion

Modern	Beijing Zoo Beijing Botanical Garden Si'de Park Olympic Forest Park Olympic Green Fahai Temple Forest Park Daoxiang Lake Park Honglingjin Park Chaoyang Park Tuanjiehu Park Beijing Expo Park Beijing World Park Elk Park Longtan Lake Park Qingnianhu Park Haidian Park Guta Park Eucommia Park White Deer Park Dongba Park Jintian Park Jingyi Park Yaowa Lake Park

Old city of Beijing

Subdivisions	Inner City Outer City Imperial City Forbidden City

Fortifications and towers	Yongdingmen Gate Zhengyangmen Gate Zhonghuamen Tiananmen Gate Deshengmen Gate Bell and Drum towers

Forbidden City	Meridian Gate Gate of Supreme Harmony Hall of Mental Cultivation Hall of Supreme Harmony Hall of Central Harmony Hall of Preserving Harmony Palace of Heavenly Purity Hall of Union Palace of Earthly Tranquility Gate of Divine Might

Imperial gardens, temples and offices	Jingshan Park Beihai Park Zhongnanhai Taimiao (Imperial Ancestral Temple) Zhongshan Park Confucius Temple Guozijian Beijing Ancient Observatory Beijing Zoo Old Summer Palace Summer Palace Fragrant Hills Jade Spring Hill Temple of Heaven Temple of Earth Temple of the Sun Temple of the Moon Xiannongtan (Temple of Agriculture)

Temples and gardens	Shichahai Yonghe Temple Fayuan Temple White Cloud Temple Zhenjue Temple Miaoying Temple Wanshou Temple Temple of Azure Clouds Badachu Dongyue Temple Guanghua Temple Tanzhe Temple Wofo Temple Big Bell Temple Bailin Temple Guangji Temple Fahai Temple Changchun Temple Zhihua Temple Yunju Temple Tianning Temple

Mosques and churches	Xuanwumen Cathedral Xishiku Cathedral Xizhimen Cathedral Wangfujing Cathedral St. Michael's Church Niujie Mosque

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