Jiang (surname)

Jiang[1] can be a pinyin transliteration of one of several Chinese surnames:

Look up 江, 蔣, 蒋, 姜, or 强 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  1. 江, commonly spelled as Jiāng, Chiang, Gong, Kong, Kang
  2. 蔣, commonly spelled as Jiǎng, Chiang, Cheung, Jang, Chioh
  3. 姜, commonly spelled as Jiāng, Kang, Gang, Geung, Gung, Chiang, Keung, Keong, Kiang
  4. 強, commonly spelled as Jiàng, Gang, Geong, Geung, Khiang, Qiang, Chiang

江

Jiang

Jiang surname in regular script
Pronunciation Jiāng (Pinyin)
Kang (Pe̍h-ōe-jī)
Language(s) Chinese
Origin
Language(s) Chinese
Word/Name name of an autonomous Chinese kingdom
Derivation Jiangguo (江国
Meaning great river
Other names
Variant(s) Jiang, Chiang (Mandarin)
Kong, Gong (Cantonese, Hakka)
Kang (Hokkien)
Cognate(s) Yíng (Chinese surname)
Derivative(s) Kang (Korean name)
See also Boyi (伯益)

Jiang (Chinese: 江; Jyutping: Gong1; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kang, also romanized Chiang, Kong, Kang) is a Chinese surname, accounting for 0.26% of the Han Chinese population. It is the 52nd most common Chinese surname and is the 141st surname listed in the Hundred Family Surnames poem. It is the 74th most common surname in China (2007),[2] and the 25th most common surname in Taiwan (2010).[3]

Origins

After Boyi helped Yu the Great bring flood control to the early Chinese, Yu's son and successor Qi of Xia offered Boyi's son, Xuanzhong, the position of Lord of Jiangdi (Chinese: 江地 - modern Jiangling County in Hubei Province).[4] Boyi's descendants ruled the area as kings of an autonomous "River Kingdom" (Chinese: 江国; pinyin: Jiāng Guó) during the Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty, with its capital city near today's Zhengyang County, Henan Province.[5]

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the kingdom was often under attack from the neighboring states of Chu, Song, and Qi, each of which was larger than the "River Kingdom". While defending from neighbors' attacks, the Jiang state also had to deal with the Huai River's frequent flooding, which often inundated the kingdom's central areas. These difficulties prevented Jiang from developing significant economic or military power. It survived until 623 BC when it was destroyed by Chu.

At the time of the kingdom's destruction, many of its surviving inhabitants fled to what is now Henan Province and took the kingdom's name, "Jiang", as their clan name.

Notable people

蔣

Jiang and Chiang (蒋) is a Chinese surname, formerly Jeung. It first appeared

Notable people of 蔣

姜

Variants of the surname Jiang include Zhang,[6] Lü,[7] Qiu,[8] Shen.,[9] These originated:

Notable people of 姜

彊

Jiang, Qiang, Chiang, (彊/强) is a Chinese surname. It originated during the 26th century BC. It derived from the deity Yujiang who was revered as the god of Water in Ancient China. Yujiang's descendants were given the surname Jiang (疆). During the Zhou Dynasty, in the Lu (state), those with the surname Ji (姬) or of the family Gongsun Jiang (公孙强) took the surname Jiang (疆). It was also used as a given name.

References

  1. ↑ The approximate pronunciation in English is /ˈdʒjɑːŋ/.
  2. ↑
  3. ↑ 歷年大學聯招查榜服務
  4. ↑ Tong Zhi - Shi Zu Lüe - Yi Guo Wei Shi 《通志·氏族略·以国为氏》.
  5. ↑ Chinese: 《姓谱》：“伯益之裔，封于江陵，子孙以国为氏。
  6. ↑ People's Daily Online - History of surname Zhang
  7. ↑ People's Daily Online - Chinese Lü surname history
  8. ↑ People's Daily Online - Chinese surname history: Qiu
  9. ↑ People's Daily Online - Chinese surname history: Shen
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