1681
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1650s 1660s 1670s – 1680s – 1690s 1700s 1710s |
| Years: | 1678 1679 1680 – 1681 – 1682 1683 1684 |
| 1681 by topic: | |
| Arts and Science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1681 MDCLXXXI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2434 |
| Armenian calendar | 1130 ԹՎ ՌՃԼ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6431 |
| Bengali calendar | 1088 |
| Berber calendar | 2631 |
| English Regnal year | 32 Cha. 2 – 33 Cha. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2225 |
| Burmese calendar | 1043 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7189–7190 |
| Chinese calendar | 庚申年 (Metal Monkey) 4377 or 4317 — to — 辛酉年 (Metal Rooster) 4378 or 4318 |
| Coptic calendar | 1397–1398 |
| Discordian calendar | 2847 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1673–1674 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5441–5442 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1737–1738 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1603–1604 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4782–4783 |
| Holocene calendar | 11681 |
| Igbo calendar | 681–682 |
| Iranian calendar | 1059–1060 |
| Islamic calendar | 1091–1092 |
| Japanese calendar | Enpō 9 / Tenna 1 (天和元年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 4014 |
| Minguo calendar | 231 before ROC 民前231年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2223–2224 |
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1681 (MDCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter E) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday (dominical letter B) of the Julian calendar, the 1681st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 681st year of the 2nd millennium, the 81st year of the 17th century, and the 2nd year of the 1680s decade. Note that the Julian day for 1681 is 10 calendar days difference, which continued to be used from 1582 until the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was entirely done in 1929.
Events
January–June
- January 3 – Treaty of Bakhchisarai between the Ottoman vassal Crimean Khanate and the Russian Empire.
- March 4 – Charles II of England grants a land charter to William Penn for the area that will later become Pennsylvania.
- April – Following the death of its last count, the Palatinate-Landsberg passes to the King of Sweden.
- May 15 – The Canal du Midi in France is opened officially as the Canal Royal de Languedoc.[1]
July–December
- July 1 – Oliver Plunkett, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland, falsely convicted in June of treason, is hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn, London, the last Catholic martyr to die in England;[2] he is canonised in 1975.
- August – English sea captain Robert Knox of the East India Company escapes prison in Ceylon, and details his adventures across Kandy and life in the kingdoms of the Tamil country Vanni in his book An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon.
- August 12 – The Ahom King Gadadhar Singha or Gadapani, who takes the Tai name Supaatphaa, ascends the throne.
- August 31 – English perjurer Titus Oates is told to leave his state apartments in Whitehall; his fame begins to wane and he is soon arrested and imprisoned for sedition.
- September 30 – France annexes the city of Strasbourg (German: Strassburg), previously a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire.
- October 28 – A London woman is publicly flogged for the crime of "involving herself in politics."
- December – Wu Shifan, grandson of Chinese general Wu Sangui, commits suicide in Yunnan province, ending the 8-year conflict of the Revolt of the Three Feudatories against Qing dynasty authority in China, at this time led by the Kangxi Emperor.
- December 22 – King Charles II of England signs a warrant for the building of the Royal Hospital Chelsea in London for wounded and retired soldiers.
Date unknown
- Collections are made in England for needy French refugees.
- The bell "Emmanuel" in Notre Dame de Paris is recast.
- The Port of Honfleur in France is re-modelled by Abraham Duquesne.
- The basilica of Santa Maria della Salute in Venice, designed by Baldassarre Longhena in 1631, is dedicated.
- Possible date – The last dodo bird is killed.
Births
- March 14 – Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer (d. 1767)
- June 26 – Hedvig Sophia of Sweden, Swedish writer (d. 1708)
- August 5 – Vitus Bering, Danish explorer (d. 1741)
- September 11 – Johann Gottlieb Heineccius, German jurist (d. 1741)
- September 28 – Johann Mattheson, German composer (d. 1764)
- November 17 – Pierre François le Courayer, French theologian (d. 1776)
- November 28 – Jean Cavalier, French Protestant rebel leader (d. 1740)
Deaths
- January 28 – Richard Allestree, English royalist churchman (b. c. 1621)
- March 12 – Frans van Mieris the Elder, Dutch painter (b. 1635)
- May 25 – Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Spanish dramatist and poet (b. 1600)
- July 1 – Oliver Plunkett, Irish saint (b. 1629)
- July 25 – Urian Oakes, English-born President of Harvard University (b. 1631)
- August 22 – Philippe Delano, Dutch Plymouth Colony settler (b. 1602)
- December 22 – Richard Alleine, English Puritan clergyman (b. 1611)
Date unknown
- Gerard ter Borch, Dutch painter (b. 1617)
- John Pordage, Anglican vicar.
References
- ↑ Rolt, L. T. C. (1973). From Sea to Sea: An Illustrated History of the Canal du Midi. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 0713904712.
- ↑ "Blessed Oliver Plunket". Catholic Encyclopedia. 1913. Retrieved 2011-03-22.
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