1899 in Germany

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1899
in
Germany

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Decades:

1870s
1880s
1890s
1900s
1910s

Incumbents

National level

State level

Kingdoms

King of Bavaria - Otto of Bavaria
King of Prussia - Kaiser Wilhelm II
King of Saxony - Albert of Saxony
King of Württemberg - William II of Württemberg

Grand Duchies

Principalities

Duchies

Colonial Governors

Cameroon (Kamerun) - Jesko von Puttkamer (6th term)
Kiaochow (Kiautschou) - Carl Rosendahl to 19 February, then Otto Jäschke
German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) - Eduard von Liebert
German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) — Hugo Skopnik (Landeshauptleute of the German New Guinea Company) to 31 March, then Rudolf von Bennigsen (governor)
German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) - Theodor Leutwein
Togoland - August Köhler

Events

1 April - The German Imperial Army was expanded with the establishment of the XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps, the XVIII Corps and the 37th, 38th, 39th and 40th Divisions.
18 April - Cargo ship SS Saxonia launched.
1 June - Battleship SMS Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse launched.
18 July - Light cruiser SMS Niobe launched.
20 September - Ocean liner SS Rhein launched.
18 October - Battleship SMS Kaiser Karl der Grosse launched.
18 October - Battleship SMS Wörth launched.
25 November - Transport ship SS Hamburg launched.
2 December - The Tripartite Convention, which brings an end to the Samoan Civil War by dividing the islands between Germany and the United States of America, is signed by Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom, pursuant to which the colony of German Samoa in established in 1900.
2 December - Transport ship SS Grosser Kurfürst, launched.
11 December - Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Bernhard von Bülow delivers his 'hammer and anvil' speech to the Reichstag calling for Germany to continue its drive to becoming one of the world's greatest powers. The speech was greeted with rapture from the right and anger from the left.^[1]

Date unknown

The political career of future Chancellor Wilhelm Marx of the Centre Party begins when he is elected to the Prussian Landtag.^[2]
The German–Spanish Treaty was signed, ending the interests of Spain in the Pacific Ocean and ensuring German control of the Caroline Islands, the Mariana Islands and Palau.
Max Wolf and Friedrich Karl Arnold Schwassmann discover the asteroids 442 Eichsfeldia, 443 Photographica, 446 Aeternitas, 447 Valentine, 448 Natalie, 449 Hamburga and 450 Brigitta at the University of Heidelberg.
The chemist Felix Hoffmann patented the drug aspirin.
Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft began archaeological excavations of Babylon.
The 80 cm refracting telescope is completed at Potsdam Observatory.
Biologist Ernst Haeckel published his Kunstformen der Natur.
Two ships of the Victoria Louise class of protected cruiser were commissioned - the lead ship of the class SMS Victoria Louise in February and SMS Vineta in September.
The ocean liner SS Köln was also launched.
The automotive company Hella was established under the name Westfälische Metall-Industrie Aktien-Gesellschaft.
The Horch car company was established at Ehrenfeld (Cologne) by August Horch and his partner Salli Herz.

Popular culture

Arts

The Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin was opened.

Sport

4 February - SV Werder Bremen founded.
23 February - FC Germania 1899 Mühlhausen founded.
8 March - The Frankfurter Fußball-Club Victoria von 1899 (later Eintracht Frankfurt) founded.
17 April - VfL Osnabrück founded.
1 June - FC Bremerhaven founded.
1 July - Turnverein Hoffenheim (later TSG 1899 Hoffenheim) founded.
21 September - Stuttgarter Kickers founded.
29 September - SC Naumburg founded.
1 November - FC Bavaria 1899 München founded.
2 December - Chemnitzer BC founded.
Other association football clubs established include 1. Bockenheimer FC 1899, SC Germania 1899 Bremen, FSV Frankfurt, SC Neukirchen, Sportfreunde Siegen and SV Wiesbaden.
The Southern German football championship is won by Straßburger FV whilst the Brandenburg football championship is won by BFC Preussen.

Births

12 January - Josef Wagner, Nazi Gauleiter
13 January - Karl Friedrich Bonhoeffer, chemist
18 January - Princess Marie Melita of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, noblewoman
29 January - Heinrich Blücher, poet and philosopher
15 February - Ernst Biberstein, SS Officer
23 February - Erich Kästner, author
23 February - Elisabeth Langgässer, author
25 February - Leo Weisgerber, linguist
28 February - Kurt Freiherr von Liebenstein, Army general
1 March - Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, SS Officer
3 March - Eugen Fischer, historian
3 March - Albert Krebs, Nazi official
4 March - Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg, noblewoman
27 March - Kurt Neubauer, Nazi 'martyr'
13 March - Ernst Friedrich Lohndorff, author
15 March - Ernst Simon, Jewish educator and religious philosopher
16 March - Hans Otfried von Linstow, Army officer
31 March - Franz Völker, opera singer
4 April - Hillel Oppenheimer, botanist
6 April - Peter Adolf Thiessen, physical chemist
9 April - Hans Jeschonnek, Luftwaffe officer
15 April - Hugo Grau, veterinarian
16 April - Karl Schumm, Olympic diver
14 May - Charlotte Auerbach, geneticist
17 May - Robert Richter, film producer
23 May - Charlotte Riefenstahl, physicist
27 May - Hans Brausewetter, film actor
12 June - Fritz Albert Lipmann, biochemist
22 June - Hans Zehrer, journalist
23 June - Gerhard von Schwerin, Army general
25 June - Charlotte von Kirschbaum, theologian
3 July - Ludwig Guttmann, neurologist and Paralympic Games founder
22 July - Wolfgang Metzger, psychologist
23 July - Gustav Heinemann, President of Germany
12 August - Peter Altmeier, politician
14 August - Fritz Schwarz, bobsledder
26 August - Wolfgang Krull, mathematician
1 September - Karl-Gustav Sauberzweig, Army officer
5 September - Georg Leibbrandt, Nazi Party activist
13 September - Bolko von Richthofen, archaeologist
23 September - Sigismund-Helmut von Dawans, Wehrmacht general
10 October - Wilhelm Röpke, economist
22 October - Felix Scheder-Bieschin, Olympic sailor
7 November - Eberhard Finckh, Army officer
10 November - Wessel von Freytag-Loringhoven, Army officer
24 November - Hilmar Wäckerle, commandant of Dachau concentration camp
26 November - Bruno Hauptmann, convicted murderer
4 December - Karl-Günther Heimsoth, physician and polygraph (died 1934)
5 December - Wolfgang Kaden, U-boat commander
11 December - Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten (1899–1997), businessman
13 December - Wilhelm Decker, Nazi Germany official
22 December - Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont, noblewoman
Date unknown - Hansjoachim von der Esch, explorer
Date unknown - Walter Gerwig, musician
Date unknown - Siegfried Adolf Kummer, mystic
Date unknown - Kurt Roth, painter
Date unknown - Paul Schmidt, translator

Deaths

9 January - Ernst Julius Gurlt, surgeon
18 January - Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Claus, zoologist
18 January - Heinrich Kirchweger, railway engineer
1 February - Ernst Melzer, philosopher
6 February - Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, nobleman
6 February - Leo von Caprivi, Chancellor of Germany
9 February - Karl Müller, bryologist
11 February - Johann August Kaupert, topographer
20 February - Ernst Philipp Karl Lange, novellist
8 March - Johann Baptist Weiss, historian
14 March - Ludwig Bamberger, economist and politician (born 1823)
14 March - Heymann Steinthal, philologist
24 March - Gustav Heinrich Wiedemann, physicist
15 April - Lambert Heinrich von Babo, chemist
15 April - Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum, psychiatrist
1 May - Ludwig Büchner, philosopher
2 May - Eduard von Simson, jurist and politician
6 May - Philipp Krementz, Archbishop of Cologne
1 June - Klaus Groth, poet
19 June - Eugen von Lommel, physicist
12 July - Azriel Hildesheimer, founder of Modern Orthodox Judaism
27 July - Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa, chess player
29 July - Adolf Schreyer, painter
30 July - Princess Adelheid of Schaumburg-Lippe, noblewoman
4 August - Karl, Freiherr von Prel, philosopher
13 August - Karl Heinrich Weizsäcker, theologian
16 August - Robert Bunsen, chemist and inventor
28 October - Ottmar Mergenthaler, inventor of linotype
14 November - Ferdinand Tiemann, chemist
16 November - Julius Hermann Moritz Busch, publicist
3 December - Georg Ratzinger (politician), priest and politician
4 December - Leopold Ullstein, company founder and publisher (born 1829)
8 December - Max Lange, chess player
28 December - Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg, mineralogist
Date unknown - Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Alfred Fleckeisen, philologist
Date unknown - Ulrike von Levetzow, 'muse' to Goethe
Date unknown - Hermann Wislicenus, painter
Date unknown - Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, orientalist

References

↑ Tim Kirk, Cassell's Dictionary of Modern German History, London, 2002, p. 151
↑ Tim Kirk, Cassell's Dictionary of Modern German History, London, 2002, p. 228

Years in Germany (1871–present)

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