North Dakota gubernatorial recall election
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Results by county[1]
Nestos: Frazier: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Elections in North Dakota |
|---|
 |
The North Dakota recall election was a recall election of North Dakota Governor Lynn Frazier in 1921. Frazier was the first American governor ever successfully recalled from office; there would not be another successful recall of a governor until California Governor Gray Davis was recalled in 2003. In 2012, Scott Walker of Wisconsin was the third US Governor to be recalled, and the first to survive a recall vote.
Background
The recall stemmed from the conflict between the socialist-leaning Nonpartisan League, of which Governor Frazier was a member, and the Independent Voters Association, a conservative and pro-capitalist faction. Frazier and his party supported state ownership of industries, while the IVA opposed it. A dispute broke out specifically over government ownership of the Bank of North Dakota and State Mill and Elevator.[2]
By September, the campaigners had been able to gather 73,000 names on petitions asking for the recall of Frazier, Attorney General William Lemke, and Commissioner of Agriculture John Hagan. These men made up the Industrial Commission, which acts as a board of directors for the state-owned entities.[2] The date of the recall was set for October 28, 1921.[2]
Results
| North Dakota gubernatorial election, 1921[1] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
| Republican/IVA | Ragnvald A. Nestos | 111,425 | 50.94% | |
| Republican/NPL | Lynn Frazier (inc.) | 107,332 | 49.06% | |
| Margin of victory | 4,093 | 1.87% | ||
| Total votes | 218,757 | 100.0 | ||
| Republican/IVA gain from Republican/NPL | ||||
In the October 28 vote, Ragnvald A. Nestos was elected as governor by a margin of 4,093.[3] He was sworn in on November 23.
See also
- Wisconsin gubernatorial recall election, 2012
- California gubernatorial recall election, 2003
- Cleveland recall election, 1978
References
- 1 2 "Special Recall Election Oct. 28,1921" (PDF). North Dakota Secretary of State. October 28, 1921. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- 1 2 3 "North Dakota to Vote October 28 on Recall Aimed at Gov. Frazier and Townley League". The New York Times, September 17, 1921, p. 1.
- ↑ Dakota Datebook, October 28, 2003: "Ragnvold Nestos"