1957 elections in India

Presidential election

The Election Commission of India held the second presidential elections of India on May 6, 1957. Dr. Rajendra Prasad won his re-election with 459,698 votes over his nearest rival Chowdhry Hari Ram.

General election

General elections to the second Lok Sabha since independence were held in India between 24 February to 14 March 1957. The Indian National Congress (INC) easily won the second term, winning 371 of the 494 seats and their vote share increased from 45.0% to 47.8%.[1][2]

Legislative Assembly elections

Legislative Assembly elections in India were conducted for Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Bombay, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Madras, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal legislative assemblies in 1954.

Andhra Pradesh*

 Summary of results of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [3]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 109 68 Decrease 51 64.77 17,07,364 47.38 Increase 8.03
People's Democratic Front 65 22 New 20.95 9,27,333 25.73 New
Praja Socialist Party 29 1 Decrease 12 0.95 2,03,453 5.65 Increase 0.07
Praja Party 8 1 Decrease 4 0.95 28,968 0.8 Decrease 1.99
Scheduled Caste Federation 2 1 New 0.95 20,289 0.56 New
Independent 97 12 Decrease 10 11.43 6,73,098 18.68 N/A
Total Seats 105 (Decrease 91) Voters 75,58,880 Turnout 36,03,585 (47.67 %)

* : On 1 November 1956, Andhra State was merged with Hyderabad State in 1956 under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, to form a single state, Andhra Pradesh. The districts of Raichur, Gulbarga and the Marathwada district were detached from the Hyderabad State, while merging with Andhra State. In addition, the Siruguppa taluk , the Bellary taluk, the Hospet taluk and a small area of the Mallapuram sub-taluk were transferred from Mysore State to Andhra Pradesh.[4]

Assam

 Summary of results of the Assam Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [5]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 101 71 Decrease 5 65.74 13,21,367 52.35 Increase 8.87
Praja Socialist Party 36 8 New 7.41 3,21,569 12.74 New
Communist Party of India 22 4 Increase 3 3.70 2,04,332 8.10 Increase 5.26
Independent 153 25 Increase 11 23.15 6,76,698 26.81 N/A
Total seats 108 (Increase 3) Voters 55,53,926 Turnout 25,23,966 (45.44 %)

Bihar*

 Summary of results of the Bihar Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [6]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 312 210 Decrease 29 66.04 44,55,425 42.09 Increase 0.71
Praja Socialist Party 222 31 New 9.75 16,94,974 16.01 New
Chota Nagpur & Santhal Parganas Janta Party 125 23 Increase 12 7.23 8,29,195 7.83 Increase 4.67
Jharkhand Party 71 31 Decrease 1 9.75 7,49,021 7.08 Decrease 0.93
Communist Party of India 60 7 Increase 7 2.20 5,45,577 5.15 Increase 4.01
Independent 572 16 Increase 11 5.03 21,81,180 20.61 N/A
Total seats 318 (Decrease 12) Voters 2,56,21,144 Turnout 1,05,85,422 (41.32 %)

* : Bihar was reduced slightly by the transfer of minor territories to West Bengal in 1956 under States Reorganisation Act, 1956.[4]

Bombay*

 Summary of results of the Bombay Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [7]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 396 234 Decrease 35 59.10 81,31,604 48.66 Decrease 0.71
Praja Socialist Party 100 36 New 9.09 14,98,700 8.97 New
Peasants and Workers Party of India 55 31 Increase 17 7.83 11,13,436 6.66 Increase 0.21
Scheduled Castes Federation 51 13 Increase 12 3.28 10,41,355 6.23 Increase 3.13
Communist Party of India 34 13 Increase 12 3.28 6,07,383 3.63 Increase 2.19
Bharatiya Jana Sangh 24 4 Increase 4 1.01 2,60,826 1.56 Increase 1.52
Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha 11 1 Increase 1 0.25 71,514 0.43 Increase 0.09
Independent 464 64 Increase 11 16.16 39,72,548 23.77 N/A
Total seats 396 (Increase 81) Voters 3,14,40,079 Turnout 1,67,12,160 (53.16 %)

*: On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Bombay state was re-organized by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh, and Marathwada region of Hyderabad. The state's southernmost districts of Bombay were transferred to Mysore State while Abu Road taluk of the Banaskantha district was transferred to Rajasthan.[4]

Kerala*

 Summary of results of the Kerala Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [8]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 124 43 Decrease 2 34.13 22,09,251 37.85 Decrease 7.47
Communist Party of India 101 60 Increase 37 47.62 20,59,547 35.28 Increase 18.50
Praja Socialist Party 65 9 Decrease 10 7.14 6,28,261 10.76 Decrease 5.50
Independent 86 14 Increase 5 11.11 7,51,965 12.88 N/A
Total seats 126 (Increase 9) Voters 89,13,247 Turnout 58,37,577 (65.49 %)

* : In 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Kerala was formed by the merger of Travancore-Cochin state with the Malabar district of Madras State, Kasaragod taluk of the South Canara district and the Amindive Islands. The southern part of Travancore-Cochin, Kanyakumari district was transferred to Madras State.[4]

Madhya Pradesh*

 Summary of results of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [9]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 288 232 Increase 38 40.74 36,91,999 49.83 Increase 0.76
Praja Socialist Party 163 12 New 9.09 9,76,021 13.17 New
Bharatiya Jana Sangh 133 10 Increase 10 1.01 7,33,315 9.90 Increase 6.32
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 53 5 Increase 2 1.29 2,29,010 3.09 Increase 0.58
Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha 48 7 Increase 7 0.25 3,45,122 4.66 Increase 4.56
Communist Party of India 25 2 Increase 2 3.28 1,20,549 1.63 Increase 4.66
Independent 372 20 Decrease 3 34.26 12,22,003 16.49 N/A
Total Seats 288 (Increase 56) Voters 1,99,31,685 Turnout 74,08,768 (37.17 %)

* : On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, Madhya Bharat (except the Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district), Vindhya Pradesh, Bhopal state and the Sironj sub-division of the Kota district of Rajasthan were merged into Madhya Pradesh while the Nagpur Division was transferred to Bombay State.[4]

Madras*

 Summary of results of the Madras Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [10]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 204 151 Decrease 1 73.66 50,46,576 45.34 Increase 10.46
Communist Party of India 58 4 Decrease 58 1.95 8,23,582 7.40 Decrease 5.78
Praja Socialist Party 23 2 New 0.98 2,93,778 2.64 New
Independent 602 48 Decrease 14 23.41 49,67,060 44.62 N/A
Total Seats 205 (Decrease 170) Voters 2,39,05,575 Turnout 1,11,30,996 (46.56 %)

* : On 1 November 1956, the southern part of Travancore-Cochin (Kanyakumari district) was added to the Madras State while the Malabar district of the state was transferred to the new state of Kerala, and a new union territory, Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands, was created.[4]

Mysore*

 Summary of results of the Mysore Legislative Assembly election, 1957[11]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 207 150 Increase 76 72.12 33,43,839 52.08 Increase 5.73
Praja Socialist Party 79 18 New 8.65 9,02,373 14.06 New
Communist Party of India 20 1 Steady 0 0.48 1,23,403 1.92 Increase 1.01
Scheduled Caste Federation 6 2 Steady 0 0.96 83,542 1.30 Decrease 0.44
Peasants and Workers Party of India 2 2 New 0.96 35,462 0.55 New
Independent 251 35 Increase 11 16.83 18,45,456 28.74 N/A
Total Seats 208 (Increase 109) Voters 1,25,15,312 Turnout 64,20,159 (51.3 %)

* : On 1 November 1956, Mysore state was enlarged by the addition of Coorg State, the Kollegal taluk of the Coimbatore district and the South Kanara district (except the Kasaragod taluk) of Madras State, and the Kannada speaking districts from southern Bombay state and western Hyderabad State under States Reorganisation Act, 1956. The Siruguppa taluk , the Bellary taluk , the Hospet taluk and a small area of the Mallapuram sub-taluk were detached from the Mysore State.[4]

Odisha

 Summary of results of the Odisha Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [12]
Political Party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net Change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 140 56 Decrease 11 40.00 16,28,180 38.26 Increase 0.39
All India Ganatantra Parishad 109 51 Increase 20 36.43 12,23,014 28.74 Increase 8.24
Praja Socialist Party 46 11 New 7.86 4,42,508 10.40 New
Communist Party of India 43 9 Increase 2 6.43 3,57,659 8.40 Increase 2.78
Independent 179 13 Decrease 11 9.29 6,04,652 14.21 N/A
Total Seats 140 (Steady 0) Voters 1,24,67,800 Turnout 42,56,013 (34.14 %)

Punjab*

 Summary of results of the Punjab Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [13]
Political Party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net Change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 154 120 Increase 24 77.92 36,12,709 47.51 Increase 10.82
Communist Party of India 72 6 Increase 2 3.90 10,30,898 13.56 Increase 9.67
Bharatiya Jana Sangh 72 9 Increase 9 5.84 6,54,395 8.61 Increase 3.05
Scheduled Caste Federation 24 5 Increase 5 3.25 4,10,364 5.40 Increase 3.43
Praja Socialist Party 19 1 New 0.65 94,564 1.24 New
Independent 319 13 Increase 4 8.44 18,00,960 23.69 N/A
Total Seats 154 (Increase 28) Voters 1,31,72,945 Turnout 76,03,890 (57.72 %)

* : Punjab was enlarged by the addition of Patiala & East Punjab States Union in 1956 under States Reorganisation Act, 1956.[4]

Rajasthan*

 Summary of results of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [14]
Political Party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net Change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 176 119 Increase 37 67.61 21,41,931 45.13 Increase 5.67
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 60 17 Decrease 7 9.66 4,69,540 9.89 Decrease 2.37
Bharatiya Jana Sangh 51 6 Decrease 2 3.41 2,63,443 5.55 Decrease 0.38
Praja Socialist Party 27 1 New 0.57 1,17,532 2.48 New
Communist Party of India 24 1 Increase 1 0.57 1,43,547 3.02 Increase 2.49
Independent 399 32 Decrease 3 18.18 16,10,465 33.93 N/A
Total Seats 176 (Increase 16) Voters 1,24,37,064 Turnout 47,46,458 (38.16 %)

* : On 1 November 1956, under States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the Ajmer State, the Abu Road taluk of the Banaskantha district of Bombay State, the Sunel enclave of the Mandsaur district and the Lohara sub-tehsil of the Hissar district of the Punjab was merged with Rajasthan while the Sironj sub-division of the Kota district of Rajasthan was transferred to Madhya Pradesh.[4]

Uttar Pradesh

 Summary of results of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [15]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 430 286 Decrease 102 66.51 92,98,382 42.42 Decrease 5.51
Praja Socialist Party 262 44 New 10.23 31,70,865 14.47 New
Bharatiya Jana Sangh 243 17 Increase 15 3.95 21,57,881 9.84 Increase 3.39
Communist Party of India 91 9 Increase 9 2.09 8,40,348 3.83 Increase 2.90
Independent 699 74 Increase 59 17.21 62,85,457 28.68 N/A
Total seats 430 (Steady 0) Voters 4,89,53,427 Turnout 2,19,18,604 (44.77 %)

West Bengal*

 Summary of results of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1957 [16]
Political party Flag Seats
Contested
Won Net change
in seats
% of
Seats
Votes Vote % Change in
vote %
Indian National Congress 251 152 Increase 2 60.32 48,30,992 46.14 Increase 7.32
Communist Party of India 103 46 Increase 18 18.25 18,65,106 17.81 Increase 7.05
Praja Socialist Party 67 21 New 8.33 10,31,392 9.85 New
Forward Bloc (Marxist Group) 26 8 Decrease 3 3.17 4,25,318 4.06 Decrease 1.23
Independent 440 25 Increase 6 9.93 19,89,392 19.00 N/A
Total seats 252 (Increase 14) Voters 2,19,78,589 Turnout 1,04,69,803 (47.64 %)

* : West Bengal was enlarged by the addition of minor territories from Bihar in 1956 under States Reorganisation Act, 1956.[4]

See also

References

  1. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Second Lok Sabha Volume-I" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  2. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Second Lok Sabha Volume-II" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  3. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Andhra Pradesh" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Reorganisation of States, 1955" (PDF). The Economic Weekly. October 15, 1955. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
  5. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Assam" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  6. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Bihar" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  7. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Bombay" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  8. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Kerala" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
  9. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2015-07-25.
  10. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Madras" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  11. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Mysore" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 26, 2015.
  12. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Orissa" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  13. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Punjab" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  14. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
  15. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
  16. "Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 : To the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved July 11, 2015.

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