1972 Israeli air raid in Syria and Lebanon

Part of Operation Wrath of God (Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon)

Date	8 September 1972
Location	Palestinian refugee camps in Syria and Lebanon
Result	Israeli victory

Belligerents

Israel

PLO

Casualties and losses

None

65–200 killed

Palestinian insurgency
in South Lebanon

Engagements

International incidents

Wrath of God

1972 Israeli air raid in Syria and Lebanon 1973 Israeli raid on Lebanon Lillehammer affair

On 8 September 1972, Israeli planes bombed ten Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) bases in Syria and Lebanon as a response to the Munich massacre. Estimates of the number and identity of casualties vary widely, with several sources giving a figure as high as 200, including militants and civilians.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The United States vetoed a UN resolution demanding a halt to the raids after the Soviet Union and China vetoed amendments that would have also applied the resolution to terrorist activities.^[5]

References

↑ "Targeting Terrorists". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
↑ "One Day in September". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
↑ "The Bryan Times - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
↑ "The Pittsburgh Press - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved 16 December 2014.
↑ "Daily News - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved 16 December 2014.

Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Participants

Israel

Palestinians

Principals	Palestinian National Authority Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Fatah Hamas

Other groups	al-Aqsa Brigades DFLP PLF PIJ PPSF PFLP PFLP-GC PRC

Third-party groups

Individuals

Israelis	Moshe Arens Ami Ayalon Ehud Barak Menachem Begin Meir Dagan Moshe Dayan Avi Dichter Yuval Diskin David Ben-Gurion Efraim Halevy Dan Halutz Tzipi Livni Golda Meir Shaul Mofaz Yitzhak Mordechai Benjamin Netanyahu Ehud Olmert Shimon Peres Yaakov Peri Yitzhak Rabin Amnon Lipkin-Shahak Yitzhak Shamir Ariel Sharon Shabtai Shavit Moshe Ya'alon Danny Yatom Zvi Zamir

Palestinians	Abu Abbas Mahmoud Abbas Moussa Arafat Yasser Arafat Yahya Ayyash Marwan Barghouti Mohammed Dahlan Mohammed Deif George Habash Wadie Haddad Ismail Haniyeh Nayef Hawatmeh Amin al-Husayni Ghazi Jabali Ahmed Jibril Abu Jihad Salah Khalaf Leila Khaled Sheikh Khalil Khaled Mashal Zuheir Mohsen Abu Ali Mustafa Abu Nidal Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Jibril Rajoub Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi Ali Hassan Salameh Salah Shehade Ramadan Shalah Fathi Shaqaqi Ahlam Tamimi Ahmed Yassin

Timeline

Background

1920–1948	Mandatory Palestine 1920 Nebi Musa riots 1921 Jaffa riots 1929 Palestine riots Hebron massacre 1936–39 Arab revolt 1937–48 Irgun attacks 1947–48 Civil War

1948–1970	1948 Arab–Israeli War massacres 1948–present Fedayeen insurgency 1951–1967 Attacks against Israeli civilians 1950s–1960s IDF reprisal operations 1953 Qibya massacre 1956 Kafr Qasim / Khan Yunis / Rafah massacres 1967 Six-Day War 1967–70 War of Attrition 1968 Battle of Karameh

Palestinian
insurgency

1968–1982	1970 Avivim school bus massacre 1972 Sabena Flight 571 / Munich massacre / Operation "Wrath of God" (1973 Lillehammer affair) 1974 Kiryat Shmona massacre / Ma'alot massacre 1975 Savoy Hotel attack 1976 Operation "Entebbe" 1978 Coastal Road massacre / South Lebanon conflict 1980 Misgav Am hostage crisis

1973–1987	1973 Yom Kippur War 1975 Zion Square bombing 1982 Lebanon War Siege of Beirut 1984 Bus 300 affair 1985 Achille Lauro hijacking / Operation "Wooden Leg" 1987 Night of the Gliders

First Intifada

1987–1991	1988 Tunis Raid 1989 Bus 405 attack 1990 Temple Mount riots 1990s Palestinian suicide attacks 1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre

Second Intifada

2000–2005	Palestinian rocket attacks list Palestinian suicide attacks Israeli assassinations 2000 October events 2001 Santorini 2002 Karine A / Operation "Defensive Shield" / Battle of Jenin / Battle of Nablus / Operation "Determined Path" 2003 Abu Hasan / Ain es Saheb airstrike 2004 Operation "Rainbow" / Beit Hanoun raid / Operation "Days of Penitence"

2006–2010	2006 Operation "Bringing Home the Goods" 2008 Mercaz HaRav / Jerusalem bulldozer attack 2009 Temple Mount riots 2010 Palestinian militancy campaign

Gaza–Israel
conflict

2006–present

2006 Gaza beach explosion / Gaza cross-border raid / Operation "Summer Rains" / Operation "Autumn Clouds" / Beit Hanoun shelling
2008 Gaza–Egypt border breach / Operation "Hot Winter"
2008–09 Gaza War
2010 Gaza flotilla raid
2012 Operation "Returning Echo" / Operation "Pillar of Defense"
2014 Operation "Protective Edge"
2015 Freedom Flotilla III, Israeli–Palestinian conflict (2015–present)

Diplomacy

Timeline

1948–1991	1948 Palestinian exodus depopulated Arab settlements 1949 Lausanne Conference 1967–present Israeli settlement settler violence international law

1990s	1991 Madrid Conference 1993/95 Oslo Accords 1994 Protocol on Economic Relations (Paris Protocol) 1994 Gaza–Jericho Agreement 1994–present US security assistance to PNA 1997 Hebron Agreement 1998 Wye River Memorandum 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum

2000s	2000 Camp David Summit 2001 Taba Summit 2002 Quartet established 2003 Road Map 2005 Israeli disengagement from Gaza 2005 Agreement on Movement and Access 2006 Valley of Peace initiative 2007 Annapolis Conference 2009 Aftonbladet Israel controversy

2010s	2010–11 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 2011 Palestine Papers 2013–14 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks

United Nations

Arab–Israeli conflict

Countries
Authorities
Organizations

Primary countries
and authorities

Organizations

Active	Abu Nidal Organization Amal al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades Syrian Social Nationalist Party Arab League Arab Liberation Front Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine Fatah Guardians of the Cedars Hamas Hezbollah Jaish al-Islam Kataeb Lebanese Forces al-Mourabitoun Muslim Brotherhood Palestinian Islamic Jihad Palestine Liberation Front Palestine Liberation Organization Palestinian Popular Struggle Front Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command Popular Resistance Committees as-Sa'iqa

Inactive or former	Arab Higher Committee Arab Liberation Army Black Hand Black September Haganah Holy War Army Irgun (Etzel) Japanese Red Army Lehi Palmach Revolutionary Cells South Lebanon Army

Other countries

Transnational

Former states

People

Armed engagements

Background

1947–1950s

1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine
1948–49 Arab–Israeli War
1950s Palestinian Fedayeen attacks / Reprisal operations
1956 Suez Crisis

1960s

1966 Operation Shredder
1967 Six-Day War
1967–70 War of Attrition
- 1968 Battle of Karameh
Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon
- 1968 Operation Gift

1970s–1980

1973 Yom Kippur War

Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon	1972 Operation Isotope / Lod Airport massacre / Munich Olympics massacre 1972–79 Operation Wrath of God (Airstrike, Spring of Youth) 1973 Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 1974 Ma'alot massacre 1975 Savoy Operation 1976 Operation Entebbe 1978 Coastal Road massacre / Operation Litani 1980 Misgav Am hostage crisis

1980s

1981 Operation Opera
1982 Lebanon War
1982–2000 South Lebanon conflict
1984 Bus 300 affair
1985 Operation Wooden Leg
1987–93 First Intifada
- 1988 Mothers' Bus rescue / Tunis raid

1990s

2000s

2000–05 Al-Aqsa Intifada (Second Intifada)
2000–06 Shebaa Farms conflict
2001–present Rocket and mortar attacks on southern Israel
2003 Ain es Saheb airstrike
2006 Operation Bringing Home the Goods / Operation Summer Rains / Operation Autumn Clouds / Lebanon War
2006–present Gaza–Israel conflict
- 2007–08 Operation Hot Winter
- 2008–09 Gaza War
2007 Operation Orchard
2007–present Lebanese rocket attacks

2010s

2010 Adaisseh skirmish / Palestinian militancy campaign
Gaza–Israel conflict
- 2011 Southern Israel cross-border attacks
- 2012 Operation Returning Echo / Operation Pillar of Defense
- 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict

Diplomacy and peace proposals

To 1948	1914 Damascus Protocol 1915 McMahon–Hussein Correspondence 1916 Sykes–Picot Agreement 1917 Balfour Declaration 1918 Declaration to the Seven / Anglo-French Declaration 1919 Faisal–Weizmann Agreement 1920 San Remo conference 1922 Churchill White Paper 1937 Peel Commission 1939 White Paper 1947 UN Partition Plan 1948 American trusteeship proposal

1948–91	1948 UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194 1949 Armistice agreements / Lausanne Conference 1950 Tripartite Declaration 1964 Palestinian National Covenant 1967 Khartoum Resolution / UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242 1973 UNSC Resolution 338 / UNSC Resolution 339 1974 Israel–Syria disengagement agreement / UNSC Resolution 350 1978 UNSC Resolution 425 / Camp David Accords 1979 UNSC Resolution 446 / Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty / UNSC Resolution 452 1980 UNSC Resolution 478 1981 UNSC Resolution 497 1983 Israel–Lebanon agreement

1991–present	1991 Madrid Conference 1993 Oslo Accords 1994 Gaza–Jericho Agreement / Israel–Jordan peace treaty 1995 Beilin-Abu Mazen agreement 1998 Wye River Memorandum 1999 Sharm el-Sheikh Memorandum 2000 Camp David Summit / Clinton Parameters 2001 Taba Summit 2002 Beirut Summit and peace initiative / Road map 2003 Geneva Initiative 2004 UNSC Resolution 1559 / UNSC Resolution 1566 2005 UNSC Resolution 1583 / Sharm el-Sheikh Summit / Israeli disengagement from Gaza / Agreement on Movement and Access 2006 UNSC Resolution 1701 2007 Annapolis Conference 2010 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks 2013 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks

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