1993 World Horticultural Exposition

AIPH Stuttgart 1993
Stamp for Horticultural Exposition 1993
Overview
BIE-class	Horticultural exposition
Name	1993 World Horticultural Exposition
Visitors	7,300,000
Location
Country	Germany
City	Stuttgart
Venue	Wartburg and Killesburg Park
Timeline
Opening	April 23, 1993 (1993-04-23)
Closure	October 17, 1993 (1993-10-17)
Horticultural expositions
Previous	Floriade 1992 in Zoetermeer
Next	Expo 1999 in Kunming
Specialized expositions
Previous	Genoa Expo '92 in Genoa
Next	Expo '98 in Lisbon
Universal expositions
Previous	Seville Expo '92 in Seville
Next	Expo 2000 in Hanover
Simultaneous
Universal	Taejŏn Expo '93
Specialized	Daejeon

The International Horticultural Exposition 1993 (short: 1993 IGA ) was held at the Baden-Wuerttemberg state capital, Stuttgart, Germany. The IGA was within the past 54 years already the fifth major horticultural show which hosted Stuttgart in the 20th century.^[1] The Expo ran from April 23, 1993 to October 17, 1993. Held at Wartenberg and Killesberg parks, the goal was to be visually and functionally integrated with the two challenging terrains, the Wartberg and the Leibfriedsche garden. This was achieved. The long Advised long-term goal to pull a U-shaped green belt around the city, which became a reality.^[2] The mascot of the horticultural show called "Flori", a bird with a cowboy hat. Overall, 7.3 million people visited the garden show. Thus the expectations of the city fathers were exceeded, because it had been expected a turnout of 7 million.

Application and preparation

The organization and management of horticultural event was in the hands of the established by the City and the Central Association of Horticulture IGA Stuttgart'93 GmbH. The chairman was the then-Mayor Manfred Rommel. As early as 1977 was the preparation of temporary and permanent installations, the Technical Department of the City of Stuttgart, headed by Mayor Hans-Dieter Künne, a postdoctoral civil responsibility. In the Parks Department project groups were formed to support sustainable approach.

Horticultural show areas

Hans Dieter Bohnet, ball object and water fountains on Egelsee, 1993

The Leibfriedsche Garden has benefited greatly from the IGA'93; Today it is a well-kept recreational area

Stangenwald the Killesberg park, built in 1993 by Hans Dieter Schaal

At Wartberg there was a landscape of extensive use, with virtually no public access. Hedges, ditches, dry stone walls and orchards dominated the terrain. No less challenging was the terrain of Leibfried's garden, which had a woodland park of trees.

Two main issues dominated the garden show at Wartberg, the preservation of an intact environment and the commitment to the concerns of people with disabilities. The land at Wartberg slopes were re-parceled. 40 permanent allotments resulting from this measure. The 3.5-kilometre-long (2 mi) network of paths had a width of 5.5 m (18 feet). To remain true to the premise of a responsible treatment of nature, the initiators came regarding the path width that only 3.5 m (11 feet) were asphalted. The edges of one meter width were gravelled.^[3]

In Killesburg, the lake in the "Valley of Roses" was deepened and new sealed and equipped for the purpose of oxygen supply with a fountain permanently in operation. An open-air stage was created with 4,000 seats. The large flower meadow was lush (begonias, chrysanthemums, geraniums, marigolds, verbena, zinnia, impatiens, snapdragons and carnations planted).

At the Nations Gardens, 22 nations presented their products on an area of 52,000 square meters. The gardens were connected by wooden walkways. The various countries' typical plants were presented, such as apple ( Belgium , Switzerland , Netherlands ), olive (Iran , Sardinia and others), palm (Egypt , Angola , Tunisia , India), cherry ( China ) or grape (Austria, Hungary, Turkey and South Africa). A special garden was the Chinese "Qing Yin Garden", the "garden of beautiful melody". Using wood, brick and sandstone, it was created by the architects and gardeners of the "Middle Kingdom". It is a garden of bamboo and various conifers.^[4]

Bridges

Two bridges were built in tubular steel construction. Two other three-arm suspension bridges lead over the Stuttgart North station and the "Heilbronner Straße". The bridge Palaeontologic displays the motto: "Above landscape, below traffic". The planning and construction supervision was Schlaich, Berger and Partner, Stuttgart.^[5]^[6]

Brno Steg (1992, in use)
Footbridge Heilbronnerstraße (1992, in use)
Lodz Steg (1992, in use)
Samara web (I) (1992, in use)
Samara web (II) (1992)

References

↑ Nicht berücksichtigt sind die „Große Frühjahrs-Gartenbauaustellung 1913“ und die „Württembergische Gartenbau-Ausstellung 1924“, die beide keinen überregionalen Charakter hatten.
↑ IGA Stuttgart 1993 (bundesgartenschau.de)
↑ Ralf Arbogast, Stuttgart, Das grüne Erlebnis, S. 83-93
↑ Der Chinesische Garten – Qing Yin Yuan (Freundschaftsgarten), Nationengärten der IGA 93 Stuttgart Nationengärten China (Qing Yin Garten)
↑ Die neu geschaffenen Brücken und Stege zur IGA
↑ IGA 1993 Stuttgart Seilnetzsteg

List of world expositions

Retrospectively recognized expositions

BIE recognized Universal Expositions

BIE recognized Specialized Expositions

BIE recognized horticultural exhibitions (AIPH)

Canceled

Rome 1942
Chicago 1992
Vienna & Budapest 1995
Metro Manila 2002
Seine Saint Denis 2004

Not BIE recognized

Asia	Nanyang 1910 Hangzhou 1929 Nagoya 1937 Shenyang 2006

Oceania	Melbourne 1866 Sydney 1870 Melbourne 1875 Brisbane 1876 Sydney 1879 Dunedin 1889 Christchurch 1906 Auckland 1913–14 Dunedin 1925 Wellington 1939–40

Europe	London 1756 Dublin 1853 Manchester 1857 Porto 1865 London 1871–74 Vienna 1873 Amsterdam 1883 Liverpool 1886 London 1886 Copenhagen 1888 Glasgow 1888 Frankfurt 1891 Prague 1891 Lyon 1894 Oporto 1894 Berlin 1896 Glasgow 1901 Cork 1902 Hanoi 1902 London 1905 London 1906 Marseille 1906 Dublin 1907 London 1908 Zaragoza 1908 London 1910 Dresden 1911 London 1911 London 1912 Lyon 1914 Cologne 1914 London 1914 Kristiania 1914 Malmö 1914 Semarang 1914 London 1921 Marseille 1922 British Empire Exhibition (1924–25) Antwerp 1930 Stockholm 1930 Paris 1931 Porto 1934 Glasgow 1938

North America	New York City 1826–1897 Bryant Park, New York City 1853 Atlanta 1881 Louisville 1883–87 New Orleans 1884 Atlanta 1887 San Francisco 1894 Atlanta 1895 Nashville 1897 Omaha 1898 Buffalo 1901 Charleston 1901–02 Portland, Oregon 1905 Jamestown 1907 Seattle 1909 Knoxville 1913 San Diego 1915–17 Bronx 1918 Philadelphia 1926 San Diego 1935–36 Dallas 1936 Cleveland 1936–37 Dallas 1937 San Francisco 1939–40 New York City 1964–65

South America	Buenos Aires 1910 Rio de Janeiro 1922

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