1997 Ramabai killings
| 1997 Ramabai killings | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Caste-related violence in India | |||
| Date | 11 July 1997 | ||
| Location |
Ramabai colony, Mumbai 19°04'26.9"N 72°55'10.6"E | ||
| Methods | Police violence | ||
| Parties to the civil conflict | |||
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| Lead figures | |||
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| Casualties | |||
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The 1997 Ramabai killings were a mass killing of Dalit residents of the Ramabai Ambedkar Nagar colony in Bombay on July 11, 1997. A team of State Reserve Police Force members fired upon a crowd protesting the recent desecration of a statue of Dalit activist B. R. Ambedkar. 10 Dalits were killed and 26 injured in the incident.[1]
Attacks
Ramabai Ambedkar Nagar is a predominantly Dalit urban colony in the city of Mumbai. On 11 July 1997, a statue of Ambedkar in front of the colony was found to have had a garland of sandals placed around its neck, in an act widely seen as a desecration. The outraged residents of the colony complained to the nearest police station, Local Beat No. 5 Pantnagar Police, which happened to be located a few metres from the statue. The complainants were instead directed to the Pantnagar police station. A crowd of protesters began to form, and by 7 AM had blocked the highway that ran in front of the colony.[1]
A team of State Reserve Police Force (SRPF) members arrived a few minutes later, and opened fire on the crowd with live ammunition. The firing continued for 10-15 minutes, and killed 10 people, including a bystander who had not been involved in the protests.[1] The protests then grew more violent. At approximately 11:30 AM, a luxury bus was set ablaze. In response, about 25 police officers entered Ramabai Colony, deployed tear gas and began a lathi charge. By the end of the day 26 people had been seriously injured, and Local Beat No. 5 had been destroyed by the protesters.[1]
Commentators on the event suggested that the excessive was motivated by caste-based prejudice against the Dalit protesters. This was because the sub-Inspector who led the police force stood accused in multiple cases involving caste-based discrimination.[1] Vilas Ghogre, a Dalit activist, poet, and artist, committed suicide in protest at the event.[2]
Trial
Following the killing, the Maharashtra Government appointed the Gundewar commission to enquire into the issue in November 1997.[3] In 1999, the commission published its report. Two years later a case was filed in a sessions court against Manohar Kadam. A few years later, it was transferred to the Crime Investigation Department, which filed a charge-sheet in 2006. In 2009, the sessions court found Kadam guilty of "homicide amounting to murder," and sentenced him to life-imprisonment.[3][4][5] However, the sentence was later revoked by the high-court, and released him on bail.[6] In April 2011, the protesters who had been arrested for setting the bus on fire were acquitted, with the court finding that they had not been present during the incident.[7]
Central government response
In response to allegations received from the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, the government of India issued a statement:
The gathering became violent and started damaging private and public property. It also tried to set fire to a LPG gas tanker. (Please Take a note this was later found foul by a Special Investigating Committee, and still Manohar Kadam was freed and activists were imprisoned). In order to discourage the mob from doing so (which otherwise would have resulted in extensive damage to human life and property) and for self-defence, the Police resorted to a "Cane-Charge" and subsequently, having failed to control the mob, opened a fire. Unfortunately, 10 persons died and 24 persons were injured in the firing 8 police personnel were also injured.[8]
In media
Indian documentary film-maker Anand Patwardhan, a friend of Vilas Ghogre, created a documentary based on the incident, entitled Jai Bhim Comrade.[9] Patwardhan stated that the filming took 14 years because he was waiting for the accused policemen to be jailed, and the residents of the colony to be acquitted.[10]
See also
- 2006 Dalit protests in Maharashtra; a set of protests also in response to the desecration of a statue of Ambedkar.
- Caste-related violence in India
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Smita Narula; Human Rights Watch (Organization) (1999). Broken People: Caste Violence Against India's "untouchables". Human Rights Watch. pp. 137–. ISBN 978-1-56432-228-9. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ↑ Between Red And Blue, Outlook India, retrieved January 1, 2014
- 1 2 "12 yrs on, life term to cop who ordered Ramabai Nagar firing". Indian Express. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
- ↑ 'My father did no wrong'
- ↑ "Other States / Mumbai News : Sub-inspector gets life term for ordering fire on Dalits". The Hindu. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
- ↑ Sukanya Shetty. "Ramabai Nagar firing: two accused of attacking cops fail to appear in court, land in jail". Express India. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
- ↑ "Ramabai Nagar firing case: 8 rioters acquitted in Mumbai - Mumbai - DNA". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
- ↑ "Dalits and Human Rights: Dalits: the broken future - Prem Kumar Shinde - Google Books". Books.google.co.in. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
- ↑ "India's Independent Weekly News Magazine". Tehelka. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
- ↑ Priyanka Borpujari (2012-01-28). "Arts / Cinema : A film with a difference". The Hindu. Retrieved 2012-04-22.