1 Peter 5

1 Peter 5

A leaf containing the Epistles of Peter on Papyrus 72 (3rd/4th century)
Book First Epistle of Peter
Bible part New Testament
Order in the Bible part 21
Category General epistles

1 Peter 5 is the fifth (and the last) chapter of the First Epistle of Peter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] The author identifies himself as "Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ" and the epistle is traditionally attributed to Peter the Apostle.[3][4]

Text

Structure

This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible):

Cross references

Verse 1

New King James Version

The elders who are among you I exhort, I who am a fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a partaker of the glory that will be revealed:[5]

Verse 2

New King James Version

Shepherd the flock of God which is among you, serving as overseers, not by compulsion but willingly,[a] not for dishonest gain but eagerly;[6]

Verse 4

New King James Version

and when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that does not fade away.[7]

This is the encouraging motive and argument to engage the elders and pastors of churches to discharge their office faithfully, cheerfully, and in an humble manner. Christ may well be called "the chief Shepherd", since he is God's fellow, and in all respects equal with him, and is the Shepherd and Bishop of the souls of men; all other bishops, pastors, and elders, are under him; they receive their commissions from him to feed his lambs and sheep; are made pastors and overseers by him; and have their gifts, qualifying them for such offices, from him; and have their several flocks assigned unto them by him; and from him have they all the food with which they feed them, and are accountable to him for them, and the discharge of their office; so that Christ is the chief Shepherd, in the dignity of his person, he being God over all, blessed for ever; in his qualifications for his office, having all power, grace, and wisdom in him, to protect his flock, supply their wants, guide and direct them; and in the nature and number of his flock, being rational creatures, the souls of men, even elect men; and though they are, when compared with others, but a little flock, yet, considered by themselves, are a great number; and especially the general assembly will be, in comparison of the little bodies and societies of saints under pastors and teachers, of Christ's setting over them, with respect to whom, principally, he is called the chief Shepherd: the allusion is to the principal shepherd, whose own the sheep were, or, however, had the principal charge of them; who used to have others under him, to do the several things relating to the flocks he directed, and were called "little shepherds"; so Aben Ezra says,[8] it was customary for the shepherd to have under him (רוים קטנים), "little shepherds": the same perhaps with the "hirelings", whose own the sheep are not, (John 10:12) who are retained, or removed, according to their behavior. These, in the Talmudic language, are called (ברזלי),[9] or (כרזלי) ; though, according to Guido,[10] the word, pronounced in the latter way, signifies a "chief shepherd", who takes care of men, and has other shepherds, servants under him; and such an one used to be called (הרןה הגדול) , "the great", or "chief shepherd". So Maimonides says,[11] it was the custom of shepherds to have servants under them, to whom they committed the flocks to keep; so that when (הרוה הגדול) , "the chief shepherd", delivered to other shepherds what was under his care, these came in his room; and if there was any loss, the second shepherd, who was under the "chief shepherd", was obliged to make good the loss, and not the first shepherd, who was the chief shepherd; and to the same purpose says another of their commentators;[12] it is the custom of (הרוה הגדול) , "the chief shepherd", to deliver (the flock) to the little shepherd that is under him; wherefore the shepherd that is under him is obliged to make good any loss: now, such a shepherd is Christ; he has others under him, whom he employs in feeding his sheep, and who are accountable to him, and must give up their account when he appears: at present he is out of the bodily sight of men, being received up to heaven, where he will be retained till the time of the restitution of all things; and then he will appear a second time in great glory, in his own, and in his Father's, and in the glory of his holy angels, to give the crown of glory to his people.[13]

In distinction from those crowns which were given to the conqueror, in the Olympic games; which were made of divers flowers, of the olive, wild olive, pine tree, and of parsley, and inserted in a branch of the wild olive tree[14] and which quickly faded away; or in allusion to crowns made of amaranthus,[15] the plant "everlasting", so called, from the nature of it, because it never fades: the eternal glory and happiness, which is here meant by a crown of glory, or a glorious crown, never fades away, but ever shines in its full lustre; and this faithful ministers shall receive at the hands of the chief Shepherd, as a gift of his, as a reward of grace; when they have finished their work, they will enter into the joy of their Lord, and shine as the stars for ever and ever; they shall reign with Christ, as kings, on a throne of glory, wearing a crown of glory, and enjoying a kingdom and glory to all eternity.[13]

Verse 8

New King James Version

Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil walks about like a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour.[16]

Verse 12

New King James Version

By Silvanus, our faithful brother as I consider him, I have written to you briefly, exhorting and testifying that this is the true grace of God in which you stand.[17]

Verse 13

New King James Version

She who is in Babylon, elect together with you, greets you; and so does Mark my son.[18]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.
  2. ↑ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
  3. ↑ Davids, Peter H (1982). I Howard Marshall and W Ward Gasque, ed. New International Greek Testament Commentary: The Epistle of James (Repr. ed.). Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans. ISBN 0802823882.
  4. ↑ Evans, Craig A (2005). Craig A Evans, ed. Bible Knowledge Background Commentary: John, Hebrews-Revelation. Colorado Springs, Colo.: Victor. ISBN 0781442281.
  5. ↑ 1 Peter 5:1
  6. ↑ 1 Peter 5:2
  7. ↑ 1 Peter 5:4
  8. ↑ Comment. in Zech. xi. 8.
  9. ↑ T. Bab. Bava Kama, fol. 56. 2.
  10. ↑ Dictionar. Syr. Chald. p. 102.
  11. ↑ In Misn. Bava Kama, c. 6. sect. 2.
  12. ↑ Bartenora in Misn. Bava Kama, c. 6. sect. 2.
  13. 1 2 John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible - 1 Peter 5:4
  14. ↑ Vide Paschalium de Coronis, l. 6. c. 1. p. 339. c. 16. p. 391. c. 18. p. 399. c. 19. p. 413.
  15. ↑ Vide Paschalium de Coronis, l. 3. c. 11. p. 178.
  16. ↑ 1 Peter 5:8
  17. ↑ 1 Peter 5:12
  18. ↑ 1 Peter 5:13

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible (1746-1763). 

External links

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