Type B videotape

Type B Videotape

Type B videotape
Media type Magnetic Tape
Encoding NTSC, PAL
Standard Interlaced video
Usage Video production

1 inch type B VTR (designated Type B by SMPTE) is a reel-to-reel analog recording video tape format developed by the Bosch Fernseh division of Bosch in Germany in 1976. The magnetic tape format became the broadcasting standard in continental Europe, but adoption was limited in the United States and United Kingdom, where the Type C videotape VTR was met with greater success.[1]

The tape speed allowed 96 minutes on a large reel (later 120 minutes), and used 2 record/playback (R/P) heads on the drum rotating at 9000 RPM with a 190 degree wrap around a very small head drum, recording 52 video lines per head segment. Video is recorded on an FM signal with a bandwidth of 5.5 MHz. Three longitudinal audio tracks are recorded on the tape as well: two audio and one Linear timecode (LTC) track.[2][3][4] BCN 50 VTRs were used at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow[5]

The format required an optional, and costly, digital framestore in addition to the normal analog timebase corrector to do any "trick-play" operations, such as slow motion/variable-speed playback, frame step play, and visible shuttle functions. This was because, unlike 1 inch type C which recorded one field per helical scan track on the tape, Type B segmented each field to 5 or 6 tracks per field according to whether it was a 525 (NTSC) or 625 (PAL) line machine.[6]

The picture quality was excellent, and standard R/P machines, digital frame store machines, reel-to-reel portables, random access cart machines (for playback of short-form video material such as television commercials), and portable cart versions were marketed.[7][8]

Echo Science Corporation, a United States company, made units like a BCN 1 for the U.S. military for a short time in the 1970s. Echo Science models were Pilot 1, Echo 460, Pilot 260.[9][10][11]

Type B video Scanner Head
Type B VTR, BCN 20 Tape Desk and video Scanner

Models introduced

Special BCN units

Some BCN users

See also

References

  1. SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal page 289-299, 1981
  2. Magnetic recording: the first 100 years, page 174-175, By Eric D. Daniel, C. Denis Mee, Mark H. Clark
  3. BNC recorders
  4. freepatentsonline.com, BCN Patent
  5. SMPTE, Aug. 25, 2008 Issue, page 2, BCNs at the 1980 Moscow Summer Olympics Moscow
  6. Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, The BCN System for Magnetic Recording of Television Programs by Heinrich L. Zahn1
  7. The History of Television, 1942 to 2000, page 196, By Albert Abramson, Christopher H. Sterling
  8. Charles Bensinger, 1981, The Video Guide, page 101
  9. labguysworld.com Arvin/Echo
  10. fernsehmuseum.info 1975 – Bosch-Fernseh BCN 20 / BCN 40/50 1" tape
  11. Echo Science Corp., located in Mountain View, California was a subsidiary of Arvin Industries, Inc., based in Columbus, Indiana, from 1974 to 1981. It was also known as "Arvin/Echo" for short. http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/15/Arvin-Industries-Inc.html
  12. vtoldboys.com The Bosch/Philips BCR 1" helical scan TVR that was shown in 1973 and preceded the BCN.
  13. broadcasting101.w BCN 40 (right side and BCN 50 left side
  14. broadcasting101.ws BCN 50 deck
  15. broadcasting101.ws Prototype BCN 20 with a Bosch KCR camera
  16. The history of television, 1942 to 2000 By Albert Abramson, page 183
  17. adsausage.com BCN 5 and BCN 20 add
  18. fernsehmuseum.info, BCN-5 photo
  19. journal.smpte.org .SMPTE, journal page 744, The BCN 100,Oct 1979
  20. fernsehmuseum.info, BCN-100 photo
  21. adiomuseum.org BCN 21, with specs
  22. dyndns.org, Reel To Reel COLLsite BOSCH BCN 21 Gallery
  23. German page on BCN53,
  24. Eng. translation by google on BCN53
  25. RCA TV Equipment Section of The Broadcast Archive, Maintained by: Barry Mishkind, a RCA HR-400
  26. Oscar Technical Achievement Award, Bill Hogan (II) (Ruxton, Ltd); Richard J. Stumpf (Universal City Studios' Production Sound Department); Daniel R. Brewer (Universal City Studios' Production Sound Department)- For the engineering of a 24-frame color video system.
  27. imdb.com Academy Awards, Technical Achievement Award, Bill Hogan (II) (Ruxton, Ltd), March 29, 1982, Los Angeles, California
  28. NewBay Media The Top Guns of Digital Intermediate, January 28, 2004, Ken Holland
  29. mdb.com Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl
  30. Tech Review with Al Sturm, April 2011
  31. 24frame dave.zfx.com BCN history at Image Transform
  32. Billboard Nov 17, 1979 VHS duplication
  33. epatents.gov SYSTEM FOR DUPLICATING INFORMATION RECORDED IN SLANTED TRACKS, RANK VIDEO SERVICES AMERICA
  34. audiosystemsgroup.com Page 129, CONSUMER VIDEO TAPE DUPLICATION TECHNIQUES, A TUTORIAL, by Jim Brown, SOUND ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES CHICAGO, ILL., CONSULTANTS TO BELL AND HOWELL/COLUMBIA PICTURES VIDEO SERVICES
  35. Sypris Company on Bell and Howell's Data Tape division
  36. Computerworld Nov. 12, 1975 on Bell and Howell's Data Tape division
  37. Computerworld May 7, 1975 on Bell and Howell's Data Tape divisio
  38. SMPTE Page two on the Lake Placid (1980)
  39. journal.smpte.org An Experimental All-Digital Television Center, by D. Nasse1, J. L. Grimaldi2 and A. Cayet3
  40. The History of Television, 1942 to 2000, By Albert Abramson, Christopher H., page 209.
  41. journal.smpte.org The World's First All-Digital Television Production,by Michel Oudin, Jan 1, 1987
  42. Live Production, A Brief Review on HDTV in Europe in the early 90’s
  43. tech.ebu.ch HDTV at 1992 Expo
  44. tech.ebu.ch Analog HDTV
  45. journal.smpte.org The World's First All-Digital Television Production, by Michel Oudin, 1987

External links

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