Kentucky Route 9

Kentucky Route 9
AA Highway
Route information
Maintained by KYTC
Length:	116.285 mi[1] (187.143 km)
Major junctions
South end:	KY 1 / KY 7 in Grayson
	I-64 I-275 in Wilder US 27 in Alexandria
North end:	KY 8 in Newport
Location
Counties:	Carter, Lewis, Mason, Bracken, Pendleton, Campbell
Highway system
Highways in Kentucky Interstate US State Parkways ← KY 8 KY 10 →

Kentucky Route 9 (KY 9) is a state highway maintained by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The route runs from Newport (a suburb of Cincinnati, Ohio) to Grayson, roughly paralleling the Ohio River between Newport and Vanceburg.

Most of its route, from the Interstate 275 loop at Wilder to Grayson, is also known as the AA Highway (officially, the "John Y. Brown, Jr. AA Highway"). KY 10 forms a branch of the AA Highway between Vanceburg and the Jesse Stuart Memorial Bridge in Grays Branch, near Greenup.

Route description

The AA Highway follows a general northwest-southeast orientation. For most of its length, the AA Highway is a two lane road that passes through a sparsely populated rural area of Northern Kentucky. While the highway passes through terrain that is rolling to hilly, the highway is generally level with moderate grades and no steep grades. Except for Carter County, all counties that the AA Highway passes through border the Ohio River. The only municipalities on the highway are Vanceburg and Maysville and suburban areas of Cincinnati at its western terminus. Those areas are also the only areas with any services used by motorists such as motels, gas stations, restaurants, convenience stores, etc. The only traffic signals on the AA Highway are near Maysville (along a commercial strip with many retail establishments and restaurants), suburban Cincinnati, and at its eastern terminus just north of Interstate 64 near Grayson. There are no rest areas on the AA Highway. Other than the portions that traverse the edge of Maysville and enter suburban Cincinnati, there are no shopping centers or major retail stores along the AA Highway.

While the AA highway is not an expressway, it nonetheless serves as the shortest highway link between Cincinnati and Ashland, Kentucky. As such, it provides a link between Cincinnati and other Midwestern cities such as Chicago, Indianapolis, and Dayton and cities south and east of Ashland such as Huntington and Charleston in West Virginia, Charlottesville and Richmond in Virginia, and Charlotte and Winston-Salem in North Carolina.

High accident rate

The AA Highway is a rural two-lane highway for most of its length and traverses through some desolate terrain.^[2] Driver inattention and speeding, in combination with the numerous side road entrances and at-grade intersections have made it a dangerous and deadly road. To address these issues, guide signs comparable to interstate-styled signs have been installed along the highway at major intersections, along with additional overhead lighting. Other measures to improve safety and increase capacity are under consideration.

History

The AA Highway was envisioned as a modern highway from Alexandria to Ashland.^[3]

Construction began in 1985 on the first segment of the AA Highway.^[3] Estimated to cost $266 million to complete, it was designed primarily as a two-lane controlled-access facility. The first phase included the construction of 86 miles (138 km) of the AA Highway from the junction of Interstate 275 and Licking Pike (existing KY 9) in Campbell County east to Vanceburg. The first phase also included the design of two twenty-five mile-long spurs running east from Vanceburg, one ending at US 23 near Lloyd and the Jesse Stuart Memorial Bridge, the other ending near Interstate 64 in Grayson.

A view of KY9/10 entering Maysville at the intersection of KY9/10 with U.S. 68 & U.S. 62

When construction began, the costs for the first phase had risen to $292.7 million;^[3] the state had sold $300 million in bonds to pay for it. Segments of the highway, from Clarksburg just west of Vanceburg to Tollesboro was routed on an earlier relocated alignment of KY 10.

It officially opened in 1995, however, it was not formally dedicated until 2003.

AA Highway/KY 10 in Greenup County, Kentucky

AA Highway/KY 10 in Greenup County, Kentucky

Numbering quagmire

The AA Highway including the Greenup spur was originally designated as KY 546, and the Grayson spur was signed as KY 694. On May 26, 1988, the designation, "AA Highway," was proposed to be signed along with KY 546 and KY 694. A few years later, this designation was put in place with the AA Highway being co-signed with KY 546 and KY 694, however, many motorists were soon confused by the ever changing designations.

To solve this issue, the AA Highway was renumbered in late-1995. The AA Highway including the Grayson spur was renumbered KY 9, and the Greenup spur was renumbered as KY 10. KY 10 also overlaps portions of the AA Highway throughout the entire highway's existence. Old KY 9 in Campbell county was renumbered as KY 915, and old KY 10 between Vanceburg and South Portsmouth was redesignated as KY 8.

Major intersections

County	Location	mi	km	Destinations	Notes
Carter		0.000	0.000	KY 1 / KY 7 to I-64 – Grayson, Greenbo Lake State Resort Park, Grayson Lake State Park	Southern terminus
		1.078	1.735	KY 1959
		5.486	8.829	KY 7 south	Southern end of KY 7 overlap
		6.498	10.458	KY 7 north – Carter City	Northern end of KY 7 overlap
		11.324	18.224	KY 2 / KY 7 – Carter City
		12.821	20.633	KY 1773 east	Northern terminus of KY 1773
Lewis		22.690	36.516	KY 1149 south	Southern end of KY 1149 overlap
		22.899	36.852	KY 1306 north	Western terminus of KY 1306
		26.310	42.342	KY 10 (AA Hwy.) east – South Shore, Greenup, Ashland	Southern end of KY 10 overlap
		27.265	43.879	KY 1149 north	Northern end of KY 1149 overlap
	Vanceburg	29.467	47.423	KY 59 – Olive Hill, Vanceburg
		31.011	49.907	KY 2523 north	Southern terminus of KY 2523
	Clarksburg	32.827	52.830	KY 3037 north	Southern terminus of KY 3037
	Charters	36.815	59.248	KY 989 south	Northern terminus of KY 989
	Ribolt	42.518	68.426	KY 10 west	Northern end of KY 10 overlap
		46.642	75.063	KY 57 – Flemingsburg, Tollesboro
Mason		49.685	79.960	KY 1234 east	Southern end of KY 1234 overlap
		50.078	80.593	KY 1237
		50.222	80.824	KY 1234 west	Northern end of KY 1234 overlap
		50.979	82.043	KY 3161 north	Southern terminus of KY 3161
		53.261	85.715	KY 1449 – Orangeburg
		55.955	90.051	KY 3313
		56.832	91.462	KY 1448 east	Southern end of KY 1448 overlap
	Maysville	57.040	91.797	KY 11 / KY 1448 west – Flemingsburg, Maysville	Northern end of KY 1448 overlap
		58.451	94.068	KY 1448
		59.736	96.136	US 62 / US 68 Bus. / KY 10 east – Lexington, Maysville	south end of KY 10 overlap
		61.875	99.578	US 68 – Lexington, Aberdeen, OH, Ripley, OH	interchange
		65.378	105.216	KY 3056 east	Western terminus of KY 3056
		65.606	105.583	KY 10 west – Germantown	Northern end of KY 10 overlap
		66.545	107.094	KY 435 – Minerva
Bracken		72.799	117.159	KY 2370 (Dutch Ridge Road)
		74.567	120.004	KY 19 – Brooksville, Augusta, Mount Olivet, Augusta Historic District
		76.772	123.553	KY 875 – Chatham, Gertrude
	Woolcott	79.280	127.589	KY 1159 – Brooksville, Mount Olivet
		82.606	132.941	KY 1109 – Bradford, Johnsville
		85.877	138.206	KY 1019 – Lenoxburg, Foster
		87.830	141.349	KY 2228 east to KY 8 – Foster	Western terminus of KY 2228
Pendleton		89.174	143.512	KY 159 south – Kincaid Lake State Park	Northern terminus of KY 159
		91.711	147.595	KY 154 to KY 8 – Peach Grove
Campbell		93.717	150.823	KY 2828 east (Ivor Road) – Carntown	Western terminus of KY 2828
	Flagg Spring	94.941	152.793	KY 735 to KY 10 – Mentor
		99.316	159.834	KY 1996 (Carthage Road)
		101.238	162.927	KY 1997 to KY 10 / KY 547
		103.405	166.414	KY 547 – Alexandria, Silver Grove	interchange
		105.348	169.541	KY 709 west (East Alexandria Pike)
	Cold Spring	107.148	172.438	US 27	interchange (exit 14)
		109.337	175.961	KY 915 south (Licking Pike) to KY 10	Northern terminus of KY 915
	Wilder	109.755	176.634	KY 1998 east	Western terminus of KY 1998
		111.037	178.697	I-275 to I-71 / I-75 / I-471 – Airport	I-275 exit 77; north end of AA Highway
		113.196	182.171	KY 2345 east (Johns Hill Road)	Northern terminus of KY 2345
		113.400	182.500	KY 1632 east (Moock Road)	Western terminus of KY 1632
	Newport	115.666	186.146	KY 1120 (West Eleventh Street)
		116.231	187.056	KY 8 east (5th Street)
		116.285	187.143	KY 8 west (4th Street)	Northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Concurrency terminus

Future

The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet is proposing widening and correcting some deficiencies and addressing growing traffic concerns along the AA Highway from its western terminus near Covington to Maysville.^[2] Several options are being considered, such as: removing some of the at-grade intersections, widening to four lanes from two with partial control access, and full control access.

The AA Highway widening study was undertaken. Many residents and users of the road were concerned about intersection safety, while others discussed the high volume of traffic and the lack of passing lanes. Four alternatives were considered:

• Alternate One: Do Nothing/No-Build
  • This alternate involves no action to improve the roadway other than maintenance. It was not favored as it does not address any of the project goals. According to the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet: "Design Year 2025 traffic would operate at an LOS of E or F for the entire corridor. Sight distance, intersection safety, and speed differential problems would remain." Cost: None
• Alternate Two: Safety/Operational Improvements
  • This alternate involves low cost improvements to the roadway. This alternative would only partially meet the project goals. It would increase the safety of the roadway but does not provide adequate capacity for design year traffic 2025. This alternate received considerable support. Cost: $100,000 to $30,000,000
    • Rumble Strips: The KY 9 corridor has an "unusually large percentage of vehicle collisions with guardrails." Adding rumble strips would reduce these types of crashes by alerting the inattentive driver that they are leaving the roadway. "This also can potentially reduce the occurrence of drivers using the shoulders to pass vehicles because the audible and physical vibration would cause driver discomfort." The transportation cabinet is also "conducting a field evaluation of center-line rumble strips." During rainy conditions, the centerlines on the roadway would be further enhanced (visibility-wise) by the angle of the reflective painting on the strips.
    • Field Entrances: Many of the field entrances, as indicated by the overgrowth of grass and shrubbery, that many are used infrequently. A lot of these entrances are located close to one another but cannot be combined due to the terrain. Entrances with poor sight distances should be considered for elimination. This may reduce crashes by eliminating merging and diverging traffic at these intersections.
    • Driveway Entrances: These are very bad, as most have insufficient radii with guardrail placed too close to the edge of the pavement. Many entrances do not have right turn lanes, lighting, appropriate width, or a sufficient clear-zone.
    • Truck Climbing Lanes: Some truck lanes begin too late into the steep grade of the hill to be really effective; others end too close to intersections. Delineators need to be added from the merge points to provide more time for the traffic to merge.
    • Entrance Signs: Not all intersections are marked with a cross-road sign. Signage on the roadway should be assessed periodically to "confirm compliance with the MUTCD."
    • Turn Flares: Many intersections have sufficient pavement to improve the turning radius onto side roads but "are not striped accordingly." These intersections should be restriped.
    • T-Intersection Signage: Black-on-yellow double arrow warning signs at key intersections may be added to alert motorists of the side route's junction with KY 9.
    • Fog: The entire KY 9 corridor is plagued by fog, usually more than 60 days a year. A public education campaign may help. Visibility sensors and weather stations along the highway may help increase notification in these fog events. Highway Advisory Radio messages may also prove to be a benefit. Another major alternative would be the "automated lane indication system," which is similar to airport technology. Lighting installed in the pavement outlining the lane edges is "activated automatically when heavy fog conditions are sensed. By having the lanes outlined, the lights greatly increase visibility conditions in times of heavy fog, thus creating safer operating conditions. Additionally, these lights are recessed into the pavement so as not to hinder snow removal operations. Since they are used at virtually every commercial airport in the United States, the lights are readily available and qualified installation services are easily attainable. This type of system has been used successfully in many locations, including Interstate 64 near Charlottesville, Virginia." Rest areas, to keep vehicles and trucks off the road during fog times, may provide a "safe haven".
    • Lighting: A few intersections along the route are currently lacking overhead lighting. Many complaints, however, is the lack lighting overall on the corridor. Roadway lighting can reduce the ratio of night to day crashes. Intersections without lighting should be reconsidered for lighting, as they can reduce nighttime crashes by 45%.
    • Driver Fatigue: Numerous crashes are attributed to driver fatigue. Many fatal crossover crashes can be attributed to the drivers falling asleep at the wheel. Public awareness, rumble strips, and rest areas are all solutions to this problem. Landscaping, improved lighting, roadside and pavement reflective markings, and billboards which could be targeted toward drowsy drivers have been discussed as well. Median barriers may also be installed, but they cost around $80,000 to $1,000,000 per mile depending on the need to widen the road to accommodate the barrier.
    • Truck Traffic: A large volume of trucks utilize the AA Highway, some to avoid safety checks or heavier speed enforcement. Truck weigh stations may make the route safer for automobiles.
    • Deer Collisions: Deer reflectors have been proven to work successfully where white tail deer are problematic to vehicular travel. These cost around $8,000 per mile and would not need to be installed in the entire project area and would require minimal maintenance needs.
    • Intersection Delineation: Pavement marking on the side of KY 9 are rarely seen at intersections. The white stripe either "abruptly stops or curves with the radii of the intersecting road. This prevents drivers, especially in nighttime and fog conditions, from clearly seeing the driving lanes. Skip reflectors should be continued through the intersections to delineate the KY 9 roadway lane from the adjoining road. This will allow motorists to clearly see the driving lanes at all times through the intersection, and allows vehicles approaching the highway to determine the edge of KY 9."
• Alternate Three: Four Lane Facility with Limited Access
  • This alternate considers the widening of the roadway throughout the study area with an additional travel lane in both directions. This can be done by using a concrete barrier wall or a depressed grass median. Access points would be spaced at a minimum of 1,200' apart. There would be a total of 4 12' lanes and 12' shoulders with both options. Several access points in each county would be closed or relocated to ensure minimum spacing.
  • Frontage roads may be used to link driveways that currently have KY 9 access. This would control the locations of incoming and outgoing traffic on the roadway. Relocation impacts would be minor.
  • This alternate meets all project goals for design year 2025. It provides adequate capacity, improves roadway geometries, and eliminates sight-distance concerns. It would also reduce the number of crashes because of side road access improvements. It would also reduce the speed differentials created by "merging and diverging traffic in the truck lanes and intersections. Also, merging and diverging traffic at intersections would have a lane to turn into without fear of an impending rear-end collision."
  • Cost: $12,887,000 (design), $3,589,000 (right of way acquisition), $540,000 (utilities), $161,082,000 (construction): $178,098,000 (TOTAL)
  • Alternate 3 was highly favored.
• Alternate Four: Four Lane Facility with Fully Controlled Access
  • This alternate is similar to alternate 3, but this alternate calls for a fully controlled access highway, similar to a freeway. In order to reduce the right of way needed, a 30-foot (9.1 m) median with a concrete barrier should be considered. This will provide the "safety aspects of a median, without the added right of way width (and associated costs) required for a 60-foot (18 m) depressed grass median."
  • Simple diamond interchanges, for the sake of the study and to estimate the expected cost, was used. No interchange decisions have been made in reality. This would require 476 acres (1.93 km²) of additional right of way compared to alternate 3. The number of relocations total approximately 95 residences and 1 business, and would require the closure or relocation of numerous entrances.
  • Alternate 4 meets all project goals but at a much higher cost than alternate 3. The public perception of this alternate was not as favorable as it was to alternate 3 due to higher costs, the large number of relocations, and limited access. "The potential impacts to the area, including relocations, cultural-historic, archaeological and environmental sites, are much higher than Alternate 3."
  • Cost: $33,860,000 (design), $19,410,000 (right of way acquisition), $2,140,000 (utilities), $423,252.000 (construction): $478,662,000 (TOTAL)

Two median types were considered: a concrete barrier wall and a depressed grass median. Mountable medians in rural areas are not recommended. With each median type option, there would be 12-foot (3.7 m) travel lanes and 12-foot (3.7 m) shoulders. The depressed grass median would be 40 to 60 feet (18 m), separating the two opposing traffic flows effectively. Due to the high speed of travel, access control with a minimum of 12,000 feet (3,700 m) is recommended for the limited access alternate.

Also under consideration is using the existing alignment of the AA Highway as the eastward continuation of Interstate 74 from Cincinnati to Grayson, where it would connect with Interstate 64. This would necessitate adoption of Alternate Four described above.

References

1. Division of Planning. "Official Milepoint Route Log Extract". Highway Information System. Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
2. Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. Possible KY 9 Improvements. Division of Planning. 2004 . Archived August 4, 2004 at the Wayback Machine
3. Davis, Merlene. "SEVERAL PROJECTS HELPING TO EASE AREA'S TRAFFIC WOES." Herald-Leader [Lexington] 27 Jan. 1985. 10 Jan. 2007.

External links

Route map: Bing / Google

• KentuckyRoads.com KY 9