AKAP4

A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4
Identifiers
Symbols	AKAP4 ; AKAP 82; AKAP-4; AKAP82; CT99; FSC1; HI; PRKA4; hAKAP82; p82
External IDs	OMIM: 300185 MGI: 102794 HomoloGene: 2887 GeneCards: AKAP4 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein kinase A binding Cellular component • nucleus • cytoplasm • cytoskeleton • cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex • Z disc • motile cilium • sperm fibrous sheath • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • sperm principal piece Biological process • movement of cell or subcellular component • signal transduction • transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway • single fertilization • regulation of protein kinase A signaling • sperm motility • motile cilium assembly • establishment of protein localization Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8852	11643
Ensembl	ENSG00000147081	ENSMUSG00000050089
UniProt	Q5JQC9	Q60662
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003886	NM_001042542
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003877	NP_001036007
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 50.19 – 50.2 Mb	Chr X: 7.07 – 7.08 Mb
PubMed search

A-kinase anchor protein 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKAP4 gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

The A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) are a group of structurally diverse proteins, which have the common function of binding to the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and confining the holoenzyme to discrete locations within the cell. This gene encodes a member of the AKAP family. The encoded protein is localized to the sperm flagellum and may be involved in the regulation of sperm motility. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms.^[3]

Interactions

AKAP4 has been shown to interact with:

• AKAP3,^[4] and
• PRKAR1A.^[4][5]

References

1. Turner RM, Johnson LR, Haig-Ladewig L, Gerton GL, Moss SB (Dec 1998). "An X-linked gene encodes a major human sperm fibrous sheath protein, hAKAP82. Genomic organization, protein kinase A-RII binding, and distribution of the precursor in the sperm tail". J Biol Chem 273 (48): 32135–41. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.32135. PMID 9822690.
2. Mohapatra B, Verma S, Shankar S, Suri A (Apr 1998). "Molecular cloning of human testis mRNA specifically expressed in haploid germ cells, having structural homology with the A-kinase anchoring proteins". Biochem Biophys Res Commun 244 (2): 540–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8079. PMID 9514854.
3. "Entrez Gene: AKAP4 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 4".
4. Brown PR, Miki K, Harper DB, Eddy EM (Jun 2003). "A-kinase anchoring protein 4 binding proteins in the fibrous sheath of the sperm flagellum". Biol. Reprod. 68 (6): 2241–8. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.013466. PMID 12606363.
5. Miki K, Eddy EM (Dec 1998). "Identification of tethering domains for protein kinase A type Ialpha regulatory subunits on sperm fibrous sheath protein FSC1". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34384–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34384. PMID 9852104.

Further reading

• Lester LB, Scott JD (1997). "Anchoring and scaffold proteins for kinases and phosphatases". Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 52: 409–29; discussion 429–30. PMID 9238861.
• Michel JJ, Scott JD (2002). "AKAP mediated signal transduction". Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 42: 235–57. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.42.083101.135801. PMID 11807172.
• Miki K, Eddy EM (1999). "Identification of tethering domains for protein kinase A type Ialpha regulatory subunits on sperm fibrous sheath protein FSC1". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34384–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34384. PMID 9852104.
• Turner RM, Foster JA, Gerton GL; et al. (2001). "Molecular evaluation of two major human sperm fibrous sheath proteins, pro-hAKAP82 and hAKAP82, in stump tail sperm". Fertil. Steril. 76 (2): 267–74. doi:10.1016/S0015-0282(01)01922-7. PMID 11476771.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ficarro S, Chertihin O, Westbrook VA; et al. (2003). "Phosphoproteome analysis of capacitated human sperm. Evidence of tyrosine phosphorylation of a kinase-anchoring protein 3 and valosin-containing protein/p97 during capacitation". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (13): 11579–89. doi:10.1074/jbc.M202325200. PMID 12509440.
• Brown PR, Miki K, Harper DB, Eddy EM (2004). "A-kinase anchoring protein 4 binding proteins in the fibrous sheath of the sperm flagellum". Biol. Reprod. 68 (6): 2241–8. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.013466. PMID 12606363.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ; et al. (2005). "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome". Nature 434 (7031): 325–37. doi:10.1038/nature03440. PMC 2665286. PMID 15772651.
• Lefièvre L, Chen Y, Conner SJ; et al. (2007). "Human Spermatozoa Contain Multiple Targets for Protein S-Nitrosylation: An Alternative Mechanism of the Modulation of Sperm Function by Nitric Oxide?". Proteomics 7 (17): 3066–84. doi:10.1002/pmic.200700254. PMC 2777308. PMID 17683036.
• Moretti E, Scapigliati G, Pascarelli NA; et al. (2007). "Localization of AKAP4 and tubulin proteins in sperm with reduced motility". Asian J. Androl. 9 (5): 641–9. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.267.x. PMID 17712481.