ATG5

Autophagy related 5
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 4GDK​, 4GDL​, 4NAW​, 4TQ0​, 4TQ1​
Identifiers
Symbols	ATG5 ; APG5; APG5-LIKE; APG5L; ASP; hAPG5
External IDs	OMIM: 604261 MGI: 1277186 HomoloGene: 3566 GeneCards: ATG5 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • Atg8 ligase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • autophagosome • axoneme • membrane • pre-autophagosomal structure membrane • Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex • ER-mitochondrion membrane contact site Biological process • autophagosome assembly • mitophagy • blood vessel remodeling • regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response • C-terminal protein lipidation • autophagy • apoptotic process • cellular response to nitrogen starvation • response to fungus • negative regulation of protein ubiquitination • negative regulation of type I interferon production • negative stranded viral RNA replication • vasodilation • response to drug • negative regulation of apoptotic process • post-translational protein modification • nucleophagy • innate immune response • otolith development • regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol • ventricular cardiac muscle cell development • heart contraction • positive regulation of mucus secretion • regulation of cilium assembly • positive regulation of mitophagy • negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process • negative regulation of histone H4-K16 acetylation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9474	11793
Ensembl	ENSG00000057663	ENSMUSG00000038160
UniProt	Q9H1Y0	Q99J83
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001286106	NM_053069
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001273035	NP_444299
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 106.18 – 106.33 Mb	Chr 10: 44.27 – 44.36 Mb
PubMed search

Autophagy protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATG5 gene.^[1][2][3][4] It is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which is necessary for autophagy due to its role in autophagosome elongation. It is activated by ATG7 and forms a complex with ATG12 and ATG16L1. This complex is necessary for LC3-1 conjugation to PE to form LC3-II.

References

1. Hammond EM, Brunet CL, Johnson GD, Parkhill J, Milner AE, Brady G, Gregory CD, Grand RJ (May 1998). "Homology between a human apoptosis specific protein and the product of APG5, a gene involved in autophagy in yeast". FEBS Lett 20 (3): 391–5. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00266-X. PMID 9563500.
2. Baumann P, Cech TR (May 2001). "Pot1, the putative telomere end-binding protein in fission yeast and humans". Science 292 (5519): 1171–5. doi:10.1126/science.1060036. PMID 11349150.
3. Pyo JO, Jang MH, Kwon YK, Lee HJ, Jun JI, Woo HN, Cho DH, Choi B, Lee H, Kim JH, Mizushima N, Oshumi Y, Jung YK (May 2005). "Essential roles of Atg5 and FADD in autophagic cell death: dissection of autophagic cell death into vacuole formation and cell death". J Biol Chem 280 (21): 20722–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413934200. PMID 15778222.
4. "Entrez Gene: ATG5 ATG5 autophagy related 5 homolog (S. cerevisiae)".

Further reading

• Grand RJ, Milner AE, Mustoe T; et al. (1995). "A novel protein expressed in mammalian cells undergoing apoptosis.". Exp. Cell Res. 218 (2): 439–51. doi:10.1006/excr.1995.1177. PMID 7796880.
• Mizushima N, Sugita H, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y (1999). "A new protein conjugation system in human. The counterpart of the yeast Apg12p conjugation system essential for autophagy.". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 33889–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.33889. PMID 9852036.
• Schmeiser K, Armstrong S, Hammond EM, Grand RJ (2000). "Assignment of the yeast APG5 human homologue APG5L to chromosome band 6q21 by fluorescence in situ hybridisation.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 87 (3–4): 213–4. doi:10.1159/000015471. PMID 10702672.
• Pyo, J. O., Yoo, S. M., Ahn, H. H., Nah, J., Hong, S. H., Kam, T. I., ... & Jung, Y. K. (2013). "Overexpression of Atg5 in mice activates autophagy and extends lifespan.". Nature communications. 4 (2300). doi:10.1038/ncomms3300. PMID 3753544.
• Mizushima N, Yamamoto A, Hatano M; et al. (2001). "Dissection of autophagosome formation using Apg5-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells". J. Cell Biol. 152 (4): 657–68. doi:10.1083/jcb.152.4.657. PMC 2195787. PMID 11266458.
• Chen Y, Peng XZ, Piao YJ (2001). "[Bioinformatics analysis of autophagy 5 gene structure]". Yi Chuan Xue Bao 28 (11): 1077–84. PMID 11725643.
• Tanida I, Tanida-Miyake E, Komatsu M; et al. (2002). "Human Apg3p/Aut1p homologue is an authentic E2 enzyme for multiple substrates, GATE-16, GABARAP, and MAP-LC3, and facilitates the conjugation of hApg12p to hApg5p". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (16): 13739–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M200385200. PMID 11825910.
• Tanida I, Nishitani T, Nemoto T; et al. (2002). "Mammalian Apg12p, but not the Apg12p.Apg5p conjugate, facilitates LC3 processing". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 296 (5): 1164–70. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02057-0. PMID 12207896.
• Yung HW, Xue L, Tolkovsky AM (2002). "Apoptosis-specific protein (ASP 45 kDa) is distinct from human Apg5, the homologue of the yeast autophagic gene apg5". FEBS Lett. 531 (2): 168–72. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03497-X. PMID 12417306.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y (2003). "Mouse Apg10 as an Apg12-conjugating enzyme: analysis by the conjugation-mediated yeast two-hybrid method". FEBS Lett. 532 (3): 450–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03739-0. PMID 12482611.
• Mizushima N, Kuma A, Kobayashi Y; et al. (2004). "Mouse Apg16L, a novel WD-repeat protein, targets to the autophagic isolation membrane with the Apg12-Apg5 conjugate". J. Cell. Sci. 116 (Pt 9): 1679–88. doi:10.1242/jcs.00381. PMID 12665549.
• Li Z, Hu CY, Mo BQ; et al. (2003). "[Effect of beta-carotene on gene expression of breast cancer cells]". Ai Zheng 22 (4): 380–4. PMID 12703993.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Simonsen A, Birkeland HC, Gillooly DJ; et al. (2005). "Alfy, a novel FYVE-domain-containing protein associated with protein granules and autophagic membranes". J. Cell. Sci. 117 (Pt 18): 4239–51. doi:10.1242/jcs.01287. PMID 15292400.
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M; et al. (2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMC 515316. PMID 15342556.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.