Acheiropodia

Acheiropodia
Classification and external resources
Specialty	medical genetics
ICD-10	Q74.8
OMIM	200500
DiseasesDB	32738

Acheiropodia (ACHP), also known as Horn-Kolb Syndrome, Acheiropody and Aleijadinhos (Brazilian type), is an autosomal recessive^[1] disorder that results in hemimelia, a lack of formation of the distal extremities.

This is a congenital defect which consists of bilateral amputations of the distal upper and lower extremities, as well as aplasia of the hands and feet. It was first discovered and is prevalent almost exclusively in Brazil.^[2]

Genetics

Acheiropodia has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.

ACHP has been associated with a mutation in the LMBR1 gene.^[3] The disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.^[1] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually do not experience any signs or symptoms of the disorder.

References

1 2 Escamilla, Ma; Demille, Mc; Benavides, E; Roche, E; Almasy, L; Pittman, S; Hauser, J; Lew, Df; Freimer, Nb; Whittle, Mr (June 2000). "A minimalist approach to gene mapping: locating the gene for acheiropodia, by homozygosity analysis". American Journal of Human Genetics 66 (6): 1995–2000. doi:10.1086/302921. PMC 1378047. PMID 10780921.
↑ Freire-Maia, A; Opitz, John M. (1981). "Historical note: the extraordinary handless and footless families of Brazil - 50 years of acheiropodia". American Journal of Medical Genetics 9 (1): 31–41. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320090108. PMID 7018242.
↑ Ianakiev P, van Baren MJ, Daly MJ; et al. (January 2001). "Acheiropodia is caused by a genomic deletion in C7orf2, the human orthologue of the Lmbr1 gene". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (1): 38–45. doi:10.1086/316955. PMC 1234933. PMID 11090342.

External links

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality (Q65–Q76, 754–756.3)

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia

Arms

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

Leg

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Axial

Skull and face

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

Vertebral column

Thoracic skeleton

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

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