Action of 16 March 1917

Action of 16 March 1917
Part of World War I
Achilles
Date 16 March 1917 Location 200 miles (320 km) north-east of the Faroe Islands, North Sea 62°00′N 07°00′W / 62.000°N 7.000°WCoordinates: 62°00′N 07°00′W / 62.000°N 7.000°W Result British victory
Belligerents
United Kingdom	Germany
Commanders and leaders
Selwyn Day	Hans von Laffert
Strength
1 armoured cruiser 1 AB steamer	1 auxiliary cruiser
Casualties and losses
6 killed	1 auxiliary cruiser sunk 319 killed

The Action of 16 March 1917 was a naval engagement in which the British armed boarding steamer Dundee and the Warrior-class armoured cruiser HMS Achilles fought and sank the German auxiliary cruiser Leopard, which sank with all 319 hands and the six men of a British boarding party.

Action

Right elevation and plan view from Brassey's Naval Annual of the Warrior class; the shaded areas show armour.

After leaving port in March disguised as the Norwegian freighter Rena Norge, Leopard (Captain Hans von Laffert) set sail on its mission to disrupt Allied commerce. On 17 March, Leopard was stopped in the Atlantic, about midway between Iceland and Norway, by the cruiser HMS Achilles and ordered to proceed to the boarding vessel Dundee (Captain Selwyn Day) for inspection. Out-gunned, Laffert had no option but to proceed to the boarding vessel.^[1]

Day dispatched a launch containing a boarding party of an officer and five men, to investigate the mysterious ship. Laffert realised that he was about to be discovered, detained the party and after about an hour fired two torpedoes at Dundee. The ship manoeuvred out of the way just in time and the torpedoes missed by 20 yards (18 m). Day ordered the gun crews to open fire and shells hit Leopard from the stern at such close range that every shot was a hit, smoke and steam rising from Leopard. The German ship turned to starboard but Dundee turned to port to avoid a broadside. By this time Leopard had been hit forty times.^[2]

Achilles was 4 nautical miles (4.6 mi) to the east-northeast and opened fire on the raider about five minutes after Dundee had commenced firing. As Dundee avoided another broadside, the Leopard gunners firing wild and sailed straight for Achilles to avoid the fall of shot. As Leopard continued to return fire for about an hour more, the shells from Achilles's heavy guns caused explosions and jets of flame and smoke. Leopard began to sink but the crew continued to fire and at 4:30 p.m. Leopard sank with all 319 hands. Damage to the British vessels was light and the only casualties were the six boarding party members on Leopard when it sank.^[3]

Footnotes

1. Newbolt 2003, pp. 192–193.
2. Newbolt 2003, pp. 193–194.
3. Newbolt 2003, pp. 194–195.

References

• Cranwell, J. P. (1970). Spoilers of the Sea: Wartime Raiders in the Age of Steam. Books for Libraries Press. p. 302. ISBN 9780836915631.
• Enright, P. J. "Yarrowdale - Ships - Count Dohna and His SeaGull". smsmoewe.com. Retrieved 2015-11-12.
• Newbolt, H. (2003) [1928]. Naval Operations (PDF). History of the Great War Based on Official Documents IV (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Longmans. ISBN 1-84342-492-4. Retrieved 18 January 2016.