Ahmadiyya in Pakistan
| Ahmadiyya by country |
|---|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
Approximately 2–5 million members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community live in Pakistan or were born in Pakistan.[1][2][3][4] Hence Pakistan is the home to the largest population of Ahmadis in the world. The city of Rabwah in Punjab, Pakistan used to be the global headquarters of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community before they were moved to England. The Ahmadiyya population in Pakistan has often come under persecution and discrimination by the Sunni majority.
The Ahmadiyya sect has its origins in the Punjab region, in the city of Qadian. Following the independence of Pakistan, as a separate nation for Muslims in the Indian subcontinent, the majority of Ahmadi Muslims in areas constituting present-day India moved to the newly created state, establishing Pakistan as the central and global hub of the international Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam. Although a relatively small minority in the country, there have been a number of notable Pakistani people who have belonged to the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, including the country's first Nobel Prize laureate, Abdus Salam and Pakistan's first foreign minister Muhammad Zafarullah Khan.
History
Pre-independence era
Supporters of Pakistani movement
Movement for returning of Jinnah
Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad, the second spiritual leader of the community gave command to the cleric of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in England named Maulana Abdul Raheem Dard to talk with Jinnah. He met Jinnah in King Bench Walk London for three hours.[5] Jinnah agreed to it and he returned to India.
Support in AIML in 1946 elections of India
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, drafted Pakistan Resolution,[6] Ahmad advised the Ahmadis to support All India Muslim League in the elections of 1945–6.[7] Khan also did a speech in London for the freedom of India.
Resignation of Khizat Hayat Tiwanna
Khan, gave an advise to Khizer Hayat to resign from the ministry and he resigned.[8]
Struggle for Muslim Rights in Boundary Commission
Ahmadis proved to be the Muslims and working for the rights of Muslims in the Radcliffe Line.[9]
After the creation of Pakistan and creation of Rabwah
After the creation of Pakistan,some Ahmadis with the Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad came to Pakistan and constructed their own city which is considered as Promised Land.
1953 Anti-Ahmadiyya riots
A massive persecution was launched by Anti-Ahmadiyya to persecute and to finish Ahmadiyya Muslim Community by Islamists including Jamaat-e-Islami. The Government of Pakistan put down the revolution. Ahrar was banned in it.
1974 Anti-Ahmadiyya riots and Second Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan
More massive persecution and Anti-Ahmadiyya movement called Tehreek-e-Khatme Nabuwwat, Pasban Khatme Nabuwwat launched by all Islamist parties. They forced the Government of Pakistan under Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to pass a constitutionally Second Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan for declaring members of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community as kafirs.
1984 Anti-Ahmadiyya Amendment
Under president Zia-ul-Haq, another anti-Ahmadiyya amendment was made in the Constitution of Pakistan which restricted the freedom of religion for Ahmadis. According to this law, Ahmadis cannot call themselves Muslim or "pose as Muslims" which is punishable by three years in prison.[10]
Headquarters shifted to London
After these two amendments which legalized persecution of them. The caliph of the community Mirza Tahir Ahmad shifted and central headquarters were shifted there.
Community issues
Persecution and anti-Ahmadiyya sentiment
Qadiani and Mirzai are the deragatory terms used for Ahmadis. Anti-Ahmadiyya's council has suggested the Islamist jihad to the finish the community.[11]
See also
References
- ↑ over 2 million: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (2008-12-04). "Pakistan: The situation of Ahmadis, including legal status and political, education and employment rights; societal attitudes toward Ahmadis (2006 - Nov. 2008)". Retrieved 2012-06-28.
- ↑ 3 million: International Federation for Human Rights: International Fact-Finding Mission. Freedoms of Expression, of Association and of Assembly in Pakistan. Ausgabe 408/2, Januar 2005, S. 61 (PDF)
- ↑ 3–4 million: Commission on International Religious Freedom: Annual Report of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2005, S. 130
- ↑ 4.910.000: James Minahan: Encyclopedia of the stateless nations. Ethnic and national groups around the world. Greenwood Press . Westport 2002, page 52
- ↑ "Movement for returning Jinnah to India". Perseuction.org. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ Khan, Wali. "Facts are Facts: The Untold Story of India's Partition" (PDF). pp. 40–42. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
- ↑ "Support of AIML in elections by Bashir Ahmad". Persecution.org. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ "Resignation of Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana". Persecution.org. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ "Struggling for Muslim Rights". Persecution.org. Retrieved 13 March 2012.
- ↑ "ORDINANCE NO. XX OF 1984". The Persecution. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
- ↑ "Anti-Ahmadiyya conferences on the increase in Pakistan" (Press release). Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat International. 30 April 2010. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
| ||||||||||||||
| ||||||||
