All-trans-phytoene synthase

All-trans-phytoene synthase (EC 2.5.1.99, prephytoene-diphosphate synthase, phytoene synthetase, PSase, geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase, 15-trans-phytoene synthase) is an enzyme with systematic name geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:geranylgeranyl-diphosphate geranylgeranyltransferase (all-trans-phytoene forming).^[1]^[2] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-phytoene + 2 diphosphate (overall reaction)

(1a) 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate

\rightleftharpoons

diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate

(1b) prephytoene diphosphate

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-phytoene + diphosphate

This enzyme requires Mn²⁺ for activity.

References

↑ Gregonis, D.E. and Rilling, H.C. (1974). "The stereochemistry of trans-phytoene synthesis. Some observations on lycopersene as a carotene precursor and a mechanism for the synthesis of cis- and trans-phytoene". Biochemistry 13 (7): 1538–1542. doi:10.1021/bi00704a033. PMID 4819767.
↑ Iwata-Reuyl, D., Math, S.K., Desai, S.B. and Poulter, C.D. (2003). "Bacterial phytoene synthase: molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of Erwinia herbicola phytoene synthase". Biochemistry 42 (11): 3359–3365. doi:10.1021/bi0206614. PMID 12641468.

External links

All-trans-phytoene synthase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Transferases: alkyl and aryl (EC 2.5)

2.5.1	Dimethylallyltranstransferase Thiaminase I Methionine adenosyltransferase Riboflavin synthase Dihydropteroate synthase Spermidine synthase Glutathione S-transferase Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase Spermine synthase Alkylglycerone phosphate synthase Farnesyltransferase Geranylgeranyltransferase type 1 Porphobilinogen deaminase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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