Allerseelen (Strauss)

Allerseelen
Lied by Richard Strauss
Am Allerseelentag, by Ferdinand Georg Waldmüller, 1839
English	All Souls' Day
Catalogue	Op. 10 number 8, TrV 141
Text	Poem by Hermann von Gilm
Language	German
Composed	31 October 1885[1]
Dedication	Heinrich Vogl
Scoring	Voice and piano

"Allerseelen" ("All Souls' Day") is an art song for voice and piano composed by Richard Strauss in 1885, setting a poem by the Austrian poet Hermann von Gilm from his collection Letzte Blätter (Last leaves). It is the last in a collection of eight songs which were all settings of Gilm poems from the same volume entitled Acht Lieder aus Letzte Blätter (Eight songs from last leaves), the first collection of songs Strauss ever published as Op. 10 in 1885, including also "Zueignung" and "Die Nacht". The song was orchestrated in 1932 by German conductor Robert Heger.

Compositon history

Hermann von Gilm, the author of the lyrics

In 1882, his friend Ludwig Thuile introduced Strauss to the poetry of Gilm contained in the volume Letzte Blätter (last leaves), published in the year of the poet's death (and the composer's birth) 1864, which contained the poem Allerseelen.^[2] The Opus 10 songs were all intended for the tenor voice and were dedicated to the principal tenor of the Munich Court Opera, Heinrich Vogl.^[3] Gilm's poem Allerselen was well known in Germany; Eduard Lassen had set it several years previously. Strauss completed the song on 3 October 1885 whilst at Meiningen, where he had started his first job as conductor under Hans von Bülow. The song was given its first public performance at Meiningen in a chamber concert on 5 March 1886 (along with three other Opus 10 songs (Zueignung, Nichts, and Georgine) sung by the tenor Rudolf Engelhardt.^[4] Whilst Strauss originally conceived of the song as being for a tenor, he did perform it accompanying his wife Pauline singing (e.g. two concerts in Brussells given in November 1896, others around Germany in 1898 and 1899).^[5] In 1921 during his US tour, he also performed it with soprano Elena Gerhardt.^[6] Unfortunately, Strauss never recorded the song.

Interpretations of poem are various. All souls day is the day of the year when people commemorate and recall those dear to them who have died. Alan Jefferson argues that "...the singers character is trying to take advantage of the day to revivive an old love affair which, it seems, has also died."^[7] Others see it more as a supernatural encounter: the dead lover is communicating to the person setting the table, or the singer is communicating with a departed lover.^[8] Norman Del Mar, when discussing the Opus 10 collection, states that "Lastly comes the ever popular Allerseelen..a broad effusion of Strauss' growing lyricism".^[9]

Lyrics

Allerseelen

All Souls Day[10]

Stell auf den Tisch die duftenden Reseden, Die letzten roten Astern trag herbei, Und laß uns wieder von der Liebe reden, Wie einst im Mai. Gib mir die Hand, daß ich sie heimlich drücke Und wenn man's sieht, mir ist es einerlei, Gib mir nur einen deiner süßen Blicke, Wie einst im Mai. Es blüht und duftet heut auf jedem Grabe, Ein Tag im Jahre ist ja den Toten frei, Komm an mein Herz, daß ich dich wieder habe, Wie einst im Mai.

Place on the table the fragrant mignonettes, Bring in the last red asters, and let us talk of love again, as once we did in May. Give me your hand, so that I may secretly press it; and if someone sees, it's all one to me. Just give me one of your sweet glances, as once you did in May. Flowers bloom and spread their fragrance today on every grave; one day in the year is sacred for the dead. Come close to my heart, so that I can have you again, as once I did in May.

Orchestral arrangements

The 1932 orchestration by Heger has the following instrumentation:

• Two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, bass clarinet, two bassoons
• Four french horns, two trumpets, one trombone
• Timpani
• One harp
• Strings

"Heger's version was acceptable to Srauss, and indeed he conducted it at his own concerts".^[11]

There are instrumental arrangements for Brass band, including one by Stephen Roberts published in 2006.^[12]

References

Notes

1. Trenner, page 43.
2. Del Mar, pp. 264–7.
3. Del Mar, p. 267
4. Trenner, Page 48.
5. Trenner, page 142-3, 173, 177
6. Getz, page 375.
7. Jefferson, page 57.
8. All Souls' Day: Richard Strauss' Allerseelen
9. Del Mar, page 266.
10. Jefferson, page 56-7.
11. Jefferson, page 57.
12. Strauss Allerseelen Opus 10 number 8, arranged for Brass band

Sources

• Getz, Christine (2003), The Lieder of Richard Strauss, Chapter 10 (pages 35–382) of The Richard Strauss Companion, Edited by Mark-Daniel Schmid, Praeger Publishers, Westport CT, ISBN 0-313-27901-2.
• Norman Del Mar, Richard Strauss. A Critical Commentary on his Life and Works, Volume 3, London: Faber and Faber (2009)[1968] (second edition), ISBN 978-0-571-25098-1.
• Jefferson, Alan. (1971) The Lieder of Richard Strauss, Cassel and Company, London. ISBN 0-304-93735-5
• Trenner, Franz (2003) Richard Strauss Chronik, Verlag Dr Richard Strauss Gmbh, Wien, ISBN 3-901974-01-6.