Amar Gupta

A 2007 photograph of Dr Amar Gupta.

Amar Gupta (born 1953) is a computer scientist, originally from India and now based in the USA.

Overview

Gupta is the former Dean of the Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems at Pace University, USA. He is the Thomas R. Brown Professor of Management and Technology in the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona, USA. He is also a Professor of Computer Science in College of Science, Professor of Latin American Studies in College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Professor of Community, Environment and Policy in Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Professor at James E. Rogers College of Law, Member of the HOPE Center in College of Pharmacy, and the Director of Nexus of Entrepreneurship and Technology Initiative at the University of Arizona.[1]

Biography

Gupta was born in 1953 in Nadiad, India and studied electrical engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, graduating in 1974. He started his career at IBM, then served in various technical advisory roles for the Government of India before pursuing graduate studies with the MIT Sloan School of Management in 1979. In 1980, he received a master's degree in management from MIT, and a PhD from the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. He remained at Sloan until 2004, and was the first person to attain the rank of Senior Research Scientist at MIT Sloan. In this position, in cooperation with Professor Lester Thurow (former Dean of MIT Sloan School of Management), he launched the United States’ first course on international outsourcing.[2]

He has served as an advisor to several UN organizations including World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Development Program (UNDP), UNIDO, and the World Bank on various aspects of national policy and large-scale information management in the context of the needs of both individual agencies and member governments. He led a UNDP team to plan and implement a national financial information infrastructure in a Latin American country where 40 percent of the banks had gone bankrupt. Gupta was part of the expert group established by the WHO to formulate policy guidelines for health informatics. These guidelines were subsequently ratified as national guidelines by over 100 countries. He also served as an UNDP advisor on a $500 million nationwide effort to get computers into every school in Brazil, and as World Bank advisor on Distance Education endeavor to Mozambique. He secured approval for the proposal to establish two UN Centers of Excellence in Information Technology.

Gupta's current appointment is at the Eller College of Management at the University of Arizona as the Thomas R. Brown Professor of Management and Technology, Professor of Entrepreneurship and MIS; and Senior Director for Research and Business Development. In this role, he has established dual degree programs with the Colleges of Agriculture, Science, Engineering, Medicine, and Optics. The program was designed to lead to two graduate degrees and a certificate in entrepreneurship. Gupta played a significant role in creating the vision for new interdisciplinary research initiatives, such as the proposed multi-college endeavor that would enable United States and Mexico to enhance healthcare in bordering areas through mutual cooperation without investing any additional funds. Another potential endeavor involves the creation of a new International Center of Excellence funded entirely through private donations.

As the Founder and Head of the “Nexus of Entrepreneurship and Technology” initiative, Gupta has interacted with the trustees of the Thomas R. Brown Foundation to delineate and refine ideas that are of high interest to the individuals who have sponsored the endowed chair. The concerned foundation has paid substantially more for this chair, as compared to the original commitment.

Gupta's lectures often include guest speakers from major global businesses, the healthcare industry, and foreign government ministers. As a Tenured and Endowed Professor in the field of Entrepreneurship, he has developed new courses that focus on innovation and entrepreneurship in a global economy through the deployment of distributed work teams.

On April 25, 2011, Gupta was presented with the Outstanding Faculty Member of the Year award for Eller College in small class size.

Among Gupta's most distinguished students are Ronjon Nag, Founder of Lexicus (later sold to Motorola) and Cellmania (later sold to Research in Motion), Nitin Nohria, current Dean of Harvard Business School, and Salman Khan, founder of Khan Academy.

Gupta has continued to maintain active ties with MIT, including as Visiting Professor, Visiting Senior Scientist, and Visiting Scientist in the College of Engineering of MIT during the summers of 2005-2011.

Research

Imaging

Gupta served as chief scientist and vice president for the development of VCN ExecuVision, the first presentation graphics program. The company, Visual Communications Network also pioneered the development of clip art for the IBM personal computer.

At MIT, Gupta led a team of researchers to develop technology to automatically read handwritten information on checks and proposed a nationwide check clearance system, allowing the electronic clearance of printed, typed, and handwritten checks.[3] This innovation is manifested in the Check 21 system in the U.S. and in similar approaches in Singapore, and Brazil. Gupta and his colleagues also developed the first microcomputer-based image database management system.

24-Hour Knowledge Factory

The concept of the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory was developed by Gupta. This concept allows for multiple professionals in different geographical locations to work together to perform a single task or project. Research is being conducted to utilize this model in a variety of industries. In 2007, Gupta was awarded an IBM faculty award for this vision.

The 24-hour Knowledge Factory is inspired by the Industrial Revolution. Prior to the Revolution, manufacturing was a cottage industry where a product was developed from ideation to creation by a single craftsman and attending apprentices. The Revolution saw a transformation in manufactured goods from individual objects of art to interchangeable commodities. This transformation was made possible by investing unprecedented capital into specialized tools and machinery. Manufacturers, in order to leverage their invested capital as well as meet growing demands for their products, moved from daylight work hours to the modern system of working shifts around the 24 hour clock.

Today, the advanced economies of the world are moving from the production of tangible goods to the development of intangible intellectual property (IP). The frontier of IP development is still relatively new and is in much the same place as pre-Revolution manufacturing. Software, ASICs, marketing campaigns, and many other fields still, by and large, produce objects of art by the work of a relatively small number of masters and understudies. However, industry can be seen to be experimenting with this concept. In particular, contemporary software development is often a global effort with development teams distributed across North America, Europe, Russia, India, and Australia, to name a few common places. This strategy allows for an efficient design process that has a faster turnaround time. It provides the firm with access to high-talent designers who would otherwise have to move to a different country, or work at odd hours of the night. The creation of professional service teams that transcend geographic and temporal boundaries offers the potential to change the face of many industries. This new innovation will dramatically impact the manner in which companies build, test, sell, and support their products and services. The 24-hour knowledge factory can therefore deliver many benefits. However, there remain significant challenges in communication, collaboration, project management, and administration in this novel business environment. Dr. Gupta's goal is to generate new ideas, explore many alternatives, and conduct research and development of new processes and systems that will make a significant contribution to the realization of the 24 hour knowledge factory.

Books

Publications

  1. The 24-Hour Knowledge Factory Paradigm: The Evolving Model for Offshoring based on Strategic, Economic, Legal, Health, Technical, and Other Considerations
  2. Harmonization of International Legal Structure for Fostering Professional Services: Lessons from early U.S. Federal-State Relations
  3. Use of Collaborative Technologies and Knowledge Sharing in Co-located and Distributed Teams: Towards the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory
  4. Outsourcing in the Healthcare Industry: Information Technology, Intellectual Property, and Allied Aspects [Information Resources Management Journal, Volume 21, No. 1, 2008, pp. 1–26]
  5. Agile Software Processes for the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory Environment [Journal of Information Technology Research, Vol.1, Issue 1, 2008, pp. 57–71]
  6. Hybrid Offshoring Composite Personae and Evolving Collaboration Technologies [Information Resources Management Journal, Vol.21, Issue 1, 2008, pp. 89–104]
  7. Transformation from the Information Age to the Conceptual Age: Impact on Outsourcing [Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, Vol.5, Issue 2, 2007, pp. 57–76]
  8. Leveraging Knowledge Reuse and System Agility in the Outsourcing Era [Journal of Information Technology Research, Vol.2, Issue 1, copyright 2008, pp. 1–20]
  9. The 24-Hour Knowledge Factory: Can IT Replace The Graveyard Shift? [Computer, Vol. 42, No. 1. (January 2009), pp. 66–73]
  10. Public and Private Sector Legal Process Outsourcing: Moving Toward a Global Model of Legal Expertise Deliverance
  11. The Valuation of Intellectual Property in Offshoring Decisions
  12. Anti-Offshoring Legislation and United States Federalism: The Constitutionality of Federal and State Measures Against Global Outsourcing of Professional Services [Forthcoming in Texas International Law Journal (2009)]
  13. Outsourcing from the Perspectives of International Protocols, Law, Intellectual Property, and Taxation
  14. The Value of Outsourced Software [SEAFOOD (First International Conference on Software Engineering Approaches for Offshore and Outsourced Development), Zurich, February 2007 (published in a Springer Volume, Editors: Mathai Joseph and Bertrand Meyer)]
  15. Global Teleradiology - An internet-based application for optimization of health care delivery across domestic and international borders
  16. Interoperability of Medical Applications and Devices
  17. A Standardized Pre-Hospital Electronic Patient Care System
  18. The Use of Information Systems by Collocated and Distributed Teams: Towards the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory[Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2008]
  19. Software Development Using the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory Paradigm [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2008]
  20. Leveraging Temporal and Spatial Separations with the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory Paradigm [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2008]
  21. 24-Hour Knowledge Factory: One Instance of Services Computing [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2008]
  22. Offshore-Onsite Team Dynamics: Applications of the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2007]
  23. Toward the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory - The New Global Work Paradigm [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2007]
  24. Toward the 24-hour Knowledge Factory: Offshore-Onsite Team Dynamics [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2007]
  25. The Critical Role of Information Resource Management in Enabling the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [Information Resources Management Journal, Vol.20, Issue 4, pp. 105–127]
  26. Evolving Relationship between Law, Offshoring of Professional Services, Intellectual Property, and International Organizations [Information Resources Management Journal, Volume 21, No. 2, 2008, pp. 103–126]
  27. Harbinger of the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2007]
  28. Toward the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory in Software Development [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2007]
  29. Deriving Mutual Benefits from Offshore Outsourcing: the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory Scenario [To appear in Communications of the ACM,2009]
  30. An Information Technology Architecture for Drug Effectiveness Reporting and Post-Marketing Surveillance [International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics, Volume 2, No. 3, 2007, pp. 65–80]
  31. Offshoring and Transfer of Intellectual Property [SEAFOOD (First International Conference on Software Engineering Approaches for Offshore and Outsourced Development), Zurich, February 2007 (published in a Springer Volume, Editors: Mathai Joseph and Bertrand Meyer)]
  32. 24-Hour Knowledge Factory: Using Internet Technology to Leverage Spatial and Temporal Separations[ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, Volume 7, No. 3, August 2007, pp. 1–22]
  33. A Context-Specific Mediating Schema Approach for Information Exchange between Heterogeneous Hospital System[International Journal of Healthcare Technology and Management, Vol 8(3/4), 2007, pp. 298–314]
  34. Research Commentary: Toward the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory - A Prognosis of Practice and a Call for Concerted Research [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2006]
  35. The Drug Effectiveness Reporting and Monitoring System: Discussion and Prototype Development [International Journal of Technology Management (IJTM), Vol.47, Nos.1/2/3, 2009, pp. 174–190]
  36. Offshoring: The Transition From Economic Drivers Toward Strategic Global Partnership and 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [Electronic Commerce in Organizations,Vol.5, Issue 2, pp. 1–23]
  37. The Use of Information Systems in Collocated and Distributed Teams: A Test of the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2006]
  38. Strengthening OV-6a Semantics with Rule-Based Meta-models in DEVS/DoDAF based Life-cycle Development for Enterprise-Service Architectures [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2006]
  39. Integrating Ontology into SBVR [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2006]
  40. An Information Technology Architecture for Post-Marketing Surveillance: The Drug Effectiveness Reporting and Monitoring System[Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2006]
  41. A Three-Faceted Educational Approach to Catalyze Innovation Amar Gupta [Journal of Industry and Higher Education, Volume 20, No. 4, August 2006, pp 269–272]
  42. An Integrated and Collaborative Framework for Business Design: A Knowledge Engineering Approach [Data and Knowledge Engineering, Volume 42, No. 1, Jan 2005, pp 157–179]
  43. Feedback Based Architecture for Reading Check Courtesy Amounts [Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, 2004]
  44. Wireless Grids: Approaches, Architectures and Technical Challenges [International Journal of Grid and High Performance Computing, 1(3), 37-51, July–September 2009]
  45. Handwritten Bank Check Recognition of Courtesy Amounts [International Journal of Image and Graphics, Volume 4, No. 2, 2004, pp 1–20, World Scientific Publishing Company]
  46. Self-configuration and Self-Administration of Wirelss Grids [To appear in the Journal of Information Technology Research, Volume 2, No. 2, 2009]
  47. Global Outsourcing of Professional Services [MIT Sloan Working Paper No. 4456-04, 2004]
  48. Toward the 24-Hour Knowledge Factory [MIT Sloan Working Paper No. 4455-04, 2004]
  49. A Knowledge Based Approach to Facilitate Engineering Design [MIT Sloan Working Paper No. 4381-02, 2002]
  50. Directions for Web and E-Commerce Applications Security [Tenth IEEE International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE), Cambridge, June 2001]
  51. Training Neural Networks for Reading Handwritten Amounts on Checks [IEEE International Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing, 2003]
  52. Reading Courtesy Amounts on Handwritten Paper Checks [The Journal of Electronic Imaging, Volume 12, No. 1, Jan 2003, pp 194–202]
  53. Automated Design Data and Rationale Capture [Virtual Worlds Conference, San Antonio, 2002]
  54. Using Structural Analysis to Mediate XML Semantic Interoperability [MIT Sloan Working Paper No. 4345-02, 2002]
  55. Use of Recurrent Neural Networks for Strategic Data Mining of Sales [IRMA Conference, 1999]
  56. Reducing Impediments to Collaboration in a Virtual World [Virtual Worlds Conference, San Antonio, 2002]
  57. A System for Processing Handwritten Bank Checks Automatically [Image and Vision Computing, July 2006]
  58. Collaborative Commerce and Knowledge Management [The Journal of Knowledge and Process Management, Volume 9, Issue 1, 2002]
  59. Selective and Authentic Third-party Distribution of XML Documents [IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Volume 16, No. 10, Oct 2004, pp 1263–1278]
  60. Data Fusion through Statistical Matching
  61. A Self Configuring and Self Administrating Name System with Dynamic Address Assignment
  62. A Four-Faceted Knowledge-Based Approach for Surmounting Borders [The Journal of Knowledge Management, Volume 5, No. 4, 2001]

References

  1. ↑ Faculty profile, retrieved 2011-11-28.
  2. ↑ New MBA course: Outsourcing, CNN, March 11, 2004.
  3. ↑ Gupta eyes paperless check clearance, MIT Sloan School of Management, 2002.

External links

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