Angono Petroglyphs

Angono Petroglyphs
History
Mga Petroglipo ng Angono
Petroglyphs on a rock wall, Rizal, Philippines
Location of Angono Petroglyphs in the Philippines
Alternate name	Petroglyphs of the Rock-shelter Angono-Binangonan Petroglyphs
Location	Angono, Binangonan and Antipolo, Rizal, Philippines
Coordinates	14°31′58″N 121°11′12″E / 14.532872°N 121.18679°E / 14.532872; 121.18679Coordinates: 14°31′58″N 121°11′12″E / 14.532872°N 121.18679°E / 14.532872; 121.18679
Type	Cave
Periods	Neolithic Period
Management	National Museum of the Philippines

The Angono Petroglyphs (Filipino: Mga Petroglipo ng Angono) is the oldest known work of art in the Philippines located in the province of Rizal. There are 127 human and animal figures engraved on the rockwall probably carved during the late Neolithic.^[1] These inscriptions clearly show stylized human figures, frogs and lizards, along with other designs that may have depicted other interesting figures but erosion may have caused it to become indistinguishable. The engravings are mostly symbolic representations and are associated with healing and sympathetic magic.^[2]

The site has been declared by the National Museum of the Philippines as a National Cultural Treasure in 1973. It is also included in the list of the World Inventory of Rock Art in 1985 and historic sites of the World Monuments Watch and World Monuments Funds^[3] and part of the Philippines' tentative list of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

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Prehistory (pre-900) Callao and Tabon Men Arrival of the Negritos Austronesian expansion Angono Petroglyphs Society of the Igorot
Pre-Spanish period (900–1565) Luyag na Kaboloan Ma-i Kingdom of Tondo Kingdom of Maynila Kingdom of Namayan Kedatuan of Madja-as Rajahnate of Cebu Rajahnate of Butuan Sultanate of Maguindanao Sultanate of Sulu Sultanate of Lanao Bruneian Empire
Spanish period (1565–1898) Viceroyalty of New Spain Captaincy General of the Philippines Spanish East Indies Christianization Dutch Invasions British Invasion Revolts and uprisings Katipunan Philippine Revolution Spanish–American War
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The existence of a rock shelter was reported to the National Museum by the late National Artist of the Philippines Carlos V. Francisco in March 1965 during a field trip with several boy scouts along the boundaries of Angono, Binangonan and Antipolo of the province of Rizal.^[3]^[4]^[5] Since then, some rock carvings have been damaged due to neglect and vandalism. In 1973, by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 260, it was declared as a national cultural treasure by the Philippine government.^[6] During that time, a team led by the National Museum of the Philippines started archaeological site conservation and site development of the petroglyphs in which a mini-museum, view deck and stone path, among others, were constructed. It was included in the list of National Cultural Treasures in 1973 and World Inventory of Rock Art in 1985. In 1996, The World Monuments Fund included Angono Petroglyphs on its list of preservation projects and has helped with the installation of a drainage system and assigned a caretaker to protect the site.^[7] The site is also on the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites of the Philippines.^[8]

Description

The Angono Petroglyphs of Binangonan is located in a shallow rock shelter. It measures 63 meters wide, 8 meters deep and a maximum height of 5 meters. It has been created due to faulting and formed in volcanic soil during the Quaternary period. There are 127 drawings in the form of animate and static figures of circular or dome-like head on top of a 'V' shaped torso distributed on a horizontal plane on the rock wall area measuring 25 meters by 3 meters. Only 51 of the total 127 drawings are distinct. Due to the complexity and plurality of the drawings, it is suggested that the drawings on the rock were not only created by a single individual.^[3]

Archaeological Excavations

From October to November 1965, archaeological excavations, headed by Alfredo Evangelista, was done on the area of the rock shelter.^[5] Fragmented bits of earthenware, two pieces of obsidian flakes, two chert, flake stone tools, one stone core tool and polished stone adze with a blunted working edge were excavated in the rock shelter. The artifacts suggest that the site was used during the Neolithic age.^[3]

Management

The preservation and development of the Angono Petroglyphs is a collective effort of the National Museum of the Philippines, the Department of Tourism, World Monuments Fund, American Express and a Philippine real estate company.^[9]

The site of the Angono Petroglyphs is developed as the Angono Branch of the National Museum in 1998 showcasing the cultural and artistic heritage of the province of Rizal.^[5] Its collections include remains of giant turtle, tusks, fossils, molar of Elephas sp., tradeware ceramics and paintings.

References

↑ "Angono Petroglyphs". UNESCO. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
↑ "Angono Petroglyphs". UNESCO. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
1 2 3 4 "The Angono-Binangonan Petroglyphs". Artes de las Islas Filipinas. Retrieved September 3, 2014.
↑ Zulueta, Lito (2008-08-15). "Jose Blanco, Angono folk muralist, dies; 76". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
1 2 3 "Angono Petroglyphs". National Museum of the Philippines. Retrieved September 14, 2014.
↑ "Presidential Decree No. 260 August 1, 1973". The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation. Retrieved September 5, 2014.
↑ "Angono Petroglyphs". World Monuments Fund. Retrieved September 12, 20414. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
↑ Macaraig, Mynardo (April 20, 2014). "Angono petroglyphs, PHL’s oldest artworks, in danger of disappearing". GMA News. Retrieved September 12, 2014.
↑ "Petroglyphs". Municipality of Angono, Rizal. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

World Heritage Sites in the Philippines

World Heritage Sites	Baroque Churches of the Philippines San Agustin Church Paoay Church Santa Maria Church Miagao Church Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras Batad Rice Terraces Bangaan Rice Terraces Hungduan Rice Terraces Mayoyao Central Rice Terraces Nagacadan Rice Terraces Tubbataha Reef Historic Town of Vigan

Tentative List	Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary Angono Triglyphs Apo Reef Natural Park Baroque Churches of the Philippines Extension Boljoon Church Guiuan Church Lazi Church Loboc Church Tumauini Church Batanes Protected Landscapes and Seascapes Butuan Archeological Sites Chocolate Hills Natural Monument Coron Island Natural Biotic Area El Nido-Taytay Managed Resource Protected Area Jesuit Churches of the Philippines Guiuan Church Baclayon Church Loboc Church Maragondon Church Kabayan Mummy Burial Caves Liguasan Marsh Mount Apo Natural Park Mounts Iglit-Baco National Park Mount Malindang Range Natural Park Mount Matutum Protected Landscape Mount Pulag National Park Neolithic Shell Midden Sites in Lal-lo and Gattaran Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park and outlying areas inclusive of the buffer zone Paleolithic Archaeological Sites in Cagayan Valley Panglao Island, Bohol Petroglyphs and Petrographs of the Philippines San Sebastian Church Spanish Colonial Fortifications of the Philippines Fuerza de Capul Dauis Watchtower Punta Cruz Watchtower Fuerza de San Andres Fuerza de Sta. Isabel Taal Volcano Protected Landscape, Batangas The Maranao Settlement of Tugaya The Tabon Cave Complex and all of Lipuun Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary

National Cultural Treasures of the Philippines

Built Heritage Declarations

Metro Manila	Las Piñas Bamboo Organ San Agustin Church Santa Ana Church Camarin de la Virgen Manila Metropolitan Theater Bonifacio Monument San Sebastian Church Arch of the Centuries, Main Building, Central Seminary Building and Open Spaces of the University of Santo Tomas Santo Domingo Church Rizal National Monument

Ilocos Region	Burial Caves in Sitio Alabok Cape Bojeador Lighthouse Calasiao Church Paoay Church Bacarra Church Magsingal Church Mestizo Section, Vigan Luna Church La Union Watchtowers

Cagayan Valley	Mahatao Church Tumauini Church Malaueg Church Dupax Church

Central Luzon	Masinloc Church Minalin Church Betis Church

CALABARZON	Tayabas Church Balayan Church Maragondon Church Petroglyphs of the Rock-shelter Majayjay Church Tanay Church Tayabas Historic Bridges

MIMAROPA	Romblon Church Petroglyphs in the Caves of the Tao't Bato Area Tabon Cave Complex Twin Forts of Romblon

Bicol Region	Tabaco Church Daraga Church

Western Visayas	San Joaquin Church Panay Church Santa Barbara Church

Central Visayas	Bohol Watchtowers Baclayon Church Loon Church Panglao Church Boljoon Church Bacong Church Lazi Church Dimiao Church Loboc Church Maribojoc Church Dauis Church Loay Church Cortes Church

Eastern Visayas	Guiuan Church Capul Church

Zamboanga Peninsula	Relief Map of Mindanao Fort Pilar

Northern Mindanao	Jasaan Church Jimenez Church

Caraga Region	Balangays of Butuan

CAR	Ifugao Rice Terraces Mummy Caves of Alab Mummy Caves of Kabayan Mummy Caves of Sagada Petroglyphs of Alab Stone Agricultural Calendars of Dap-ay Guiday Tayum Church

ARMM	Karim Ul-Makhdum Mosque Kawayan Torogan

Philippine Registry of Cultural Property (PRECUP)

Government cultural agencies	Cultural Center of the Philippines Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino National Archives National Commission for Culture and the Arts National Historical Commission of the Philippines National Library National Museum Sentro Rizal

Categories of cultural properties	UNESCO World Heritage Sites National Cultural Treasures Important Cultural Properties National Historical Landmarks National Shrines National Monuments National Heritage Houses Works of National Artists Marked Structures Other Cultural Properties

Related	National Cultural Heritage Act

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