Rizal

Rizal
Province
Province of Rizal
Rizal Provincial Capitol
Flag Seal
Location in the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°40′N 121°15′E / 14.67°N 121.25°ECoordinates: 14°40′N 121°15′E / 14.67°N 121.25°E
Country	Philippines
Region	Calabarzon (Region IV-A)
Founded	June 11, 1901
Capital	Antipolo
Government
• Type	Sangguniang Panlalawigan
• Governor	Rebecca A. Ynares (NPC)
• Vice Governor	Frisco M. San Juan Jr. (NPC)
Area[1]
• Total	1,191.94 km^2 (460.21 sq mi)
Area rank	72nd out of 80
Population (2010)[2]
• Total	2,484,840
• Rank	7th out of 80
• Density	2,100/km^2 (5,400/sq mi)
• Density rank	1st out of 80
Demonym(s)	Rizaleño
Divisions
• Independent cities	0
• Component cities	1 Antipolo
• Municipalities	13 Angono Baras Binangonan Cainta Cardona Jalajala Morong Pililla Rodriguez San Mateo Tanay Taytay Teresa
• Barangays	188
• Districts	1st and 2nd districts of Rizal, 1st and 2nd districts of Antipolo
Demographics
• Ethnic groups	Tagalog (82%) Bicolano (4%) Bisaya (3%) Others (10%)
• Languages	Tagalog English
Time zone	PHT (UTC+8)
ZIP code	1850–1990
IDD : area code	+63 (0)(0)2
ISO 3166 code	PH-RIZ
Website	rizalprovince.ph
* Although provincial government operations have moved to Antipolo, no legislation on the national level has recognized the new capital yet.[3]

Rizal is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region, just 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) east of Manila. The province is named after José Rizal.

Rizal is bordered by Metro Manila to the west, the province of Bulacan to the north, Quezon to the east and Laguna province to the south. The province also lies on the northern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country.

Rizal is a mountainous province perched on the western slopes of the southern portion of the Sierra Madre mountain range. Antipolo boasts of a wonderful view of Metro Manila and it is where Hinulugang Taktak, a waterfall popular with tourists, can be found.

The Rizal Province will be accessed by the future C-6 Road connecting the provinces of Bulacan and Cavite and cities of Taguig (beside Laguna de Bay), Parañaque and Muntinlupa which are located within Metro Manila.

History

Tagalog settlement arrived in Rizal who were originally Chinese^[4] and later had interactions and admixtures with Arab traders long before the Spanish conquest. The provincial territory began with the organization of the Tondo province and Laguna province during the Spanish administration. Some of the towns like Pasig, Parañaque, Taytay and Cainta were already thriving.

From the reports of the Encomiendas in 1582-1583, the Encomiendas of Moron (Morong) was under the jurisdiction of La Laguna and, the Encomiendas of Passi (Pasig), Taitay (Taytay) and Tagui (Taguig) belonged to the Province of Tondo. It was recorded that in 1591, the Encomiendas of Moron and Taitay were under the jurisdiction of the Franciscan Order in the Province of La Laguna; and the Encomiendas of Nabotas (Navotas), Tambobo (Malabon), Tondo, Parañaque, Longalo (Dongalo), Tagui and Pasig were under the jurisdiction of the Augustinians in the Province of Tondo.

In 1853, a new political subdivision was formed. This consisted of the towns of Antipolo, Bosoboso, Cainta and Taytay from the Province of Tondo; and the towns of Morong, Baras, Tanay, Pililla, Angono, Binangonan and Jalajala from the Province of La Laguna, with the capital at Morong. This district was later changed to Distrito Politico-Militar de Morong after four years.

In 1860, by virtue of Circular No. 83, dated September 2, 1859, the Province of Tondo became the Province of Manila. All its towns were placed under the administration, fiscal supervision and control of the Governor of the new province.

The town of Mariquina (Marikina) became the capital of the Province of Manila during the tenure of the revolutionary government of Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. The Province of Morong had for its capital the town of Antipolo for the period 1898-1899, and the town of Tanay for 1899-1900.

On February 6, 1901, the First Philippine Commission sought to establish civil government in the country through a provincial organization act after the Filipino-Spanish and Filipino-American conflicts.

Therefore, on June 5, 1901, a historic meeting was held at the Pasig Catholic Church for the organization of a civil government in the Provinces of Manila and Morong, with 221 delegates in attendance. The first Philippine Commission, headed by William Howard Taft and composed of Commissioners Luke E. Wright, Henry C. Ide, Bernard Moses and Dean C. Worcester, discussed with the Assembly the issue of whether or not to write the Province of Manila with Morong Province, was not self-sufficient to operate as a separate province.

Although the delegates from Morong, Hilarion Raymundo and José Tupas, objected to the proposal, Juan Sumulong of Antipolo strongly advocated the move. After much acrimonious debate and upon the suggestion of Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera the body agreed on the creation of a new province independent of the Province of Manila. The new province was aptly named after Jose Rizal, the country's national hero.

On June 11, 1901, the province of Rizal was officially and legally created by virtue of an Act No. 137 by the First Philippine Commission which during the time was acting as the unicameral legislative body in the island of Luzon.

The new province was composed of 29 municipalities, 17 from the old Province of Manila (Caloocan, Las Piñas, Mariquina (Marikina), Lumisang-Aguho, Montalban (Rodriguez), Muntinlupa, Navotas, Novaliches, Parañaque, Pasig, Pateros, Pineda (Pasay), San Felipe Neri (Mandaluyong), San Juan del Monte (San Juan), San Mateo, San Pedro Macati (Makati), Taguig, Tambobong (Malabon)); and 12 from the Politico-Militar District of Morong, (Angono, Baras, Binangonan, Cainta, Antipolo, Cardona, Jalajala, Morong, Pililla, Tanay, Taytay and Teresa). The City of Manila from the old Province of Manila was treated as a separate entity. The seat of the provincial government was Pasig.

In year 1939, Quezon City was established, which included parts of Caloocan, and later on, Novaliches and parts of Marikina and San Juan towns.

World War II

During World War II, Japanese fighter and bomber planes rained explosives on the province in December 1941. Japanese Imperial troops invaded Rizal in 1942 at the onset of the Japanese Occupation. The establishment of the General Headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and Philippine Constabulary went the military stationed in Rizal from January 3, 1942 to June 30, 1946 against the Japanese Occupation.

Many Rizaleños organised themselves into a resistance movement, grouped in some places as the Hunters ROTC and the Marking's Filipino-American Troops (MFAT) in guerrilla camps in the province's mountains. The guerrilla forces also aided Filipino soldiers in the Philippine Commonwealth Army and American troops in fighting the Japanese troops. The local military unit of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was active from January 3, 1942 to June 30, 1946, while the local unit of the Philippine Constabulary was active from October 28, 1944 to June 30, 1946. United States forces had liberated parts of Luzon by January 1945. During the Allied Liberation that lasted until August that year, the combined U.S. and Philippine Commonwealth military ground troops aided the local Rizaleño Hunters ROTC and MFAT.

Post-war

Through Presidential Decree № 824, Rizal was partitioned on 7 November 1975 to form the National Capital Region. The municipalities of Las Piñas, Parañaque, Muntinlupa, Taguig, Pateros, Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig and Marikina, and the three cities of Caloocan, Pasay and Quezon City were excised to form the new region, while the other 14 towns remained in Rizal.^[5]

Rizal Governor Dr. Casimiro Ynares III on June 17, 2008 announced the transfer of the Capitol from Pasig. Its ₱ 270-million capitol building, constructed in Antipolo by Ortigas & Co., owner thereof, was completed by December of that year. Built on 5-hectare lot at the Ynares Center, it employs 2,008 employees.^[6] The New Capitol was successfully inaugurated on March 4, 2009, bringing back the Capitol Building inside the provincial territory, from which it was absent for 33 years (when Pasig was incorporated into Metro Manila).

Geography

Rizal lies immediately east of Metro Manila. Located 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Manila, commuters take approximately an hour to reach the provincial seat which is at Antipolo. Generally hilly and mountainous in terrain, most of the province's southern towns lie in the shores of Laguna de Bay, the country's largest inland body of water. The province has an area of 1,191.94 square kilometres (460.21 sq mi).^[1]

Talim Island, the largest island situated within the Laguna de Bay is under the jurisdiction of the province.

Mountainous terrain in Rodriguez

Rice fields in Binangonan

Laguna de Bay seen from Cardona

Climate

Climate data for Rizal
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	30.5 (86.9)	31.5 (88.7)	33.1 (91.6)	34.5 (94.1)	34.0 (93.2)	32.6 (90.7)	32.0 (89.6)	31.2 (88.2)	31.4 (88.5)	31.6 (88.9)	31.4 (88.5)	30.5 (86.9)	32.03 (89.65)
Average low °C (°F)	21.6 (70.9)	21.8 (71.2)	22.9 (73.2)	24.1 (75.4)	25.0 (77)	25.0 (77)	24.6 (76.3)	24.8 (76.6)	24.3 (75.7)	24.0 (75.2)	23.5 (74.3)	22.3 (72.1)	23.66 (74.58)
Average rainy days	5	3	4	5	13	20	22	22	22	17	15	8	156
Source: Storm247 [7]

Administrative divisions

Rizal comprises 13 municipalities and 1 city.^[8]

•  †  Provincial capital and component city
•      Municipality

City or municipality^[A] District[8] Population (2010)[8][9] Area[8] Density Brgy. Coordinates^[B] km^2 sq mi /km^2 /sq mi Angono 1st 4.1% 102,407 26.22 10.12 3,900 10,000 10 14°31′31″N 121°09′12″E / 14.5253°N 121.1534°E Antipolo † 2 LD 27.3% 677,741 306.10 118.19 2,200 5,700 16 14°35′13″N 121°10′33″E / 14.5870°N 121.1758°E Baras 2nd 1.3% 32,609 84.93 32.79 380 980 10 14°31′18″N 121°15′57″E / 14.5218°N 121.2658°E Binangonan 1st 10.1% 249,872 66.34 25.61 3,800 9,800 40 14°27′54″N 121°11′32″E / 14.4651°N 121.1921°E Cainta 1st 12.5% 311,845 42.99 16.60 7,300 19,000 7 14°34′48″N 121°06′55″E / 14.5800°N 121.1153°E Cardona 2nd 1.9% 47,414 28.56 11.03 1,700 4,400 18 14°29′06″N 121°13′49″E / 14.4849°N 121.2303°E Jalajala 2nd 1.2% 30,074 44.12 17.03 680 1,800 11 14°21′17″N 121°19′29″E / 14.3546°N 121.3247°E Morong 2nd 2.1% 52,194 37.58 14.51 1,400 3,600 8 14°30′54″N 121°14′17″E / 14.5151°N 121.2380°E Pililla 2nd 2.4% 59,527 69.95 27.01 850 2,200 9 14°28′52″N 121°18′27″E / 14.4811°N 121.3075°E Rodriguez (Montalban) 2nd 11.3% 280,904 172.65 66.66 1,600 4,100 11 14°43′52″N 121°08′43″E / 14.7310°N 121.1454°E San Mateo 2nd 8.3% 205,255 55.09 21.27 3,700 9,600 15 14°41′40″N 121°07′05″E / 14.6944°N 121.1180°E Tanay 2nd 4.0% 98,879 200.00 77.22 490 1,300 19 14°29′54″N 121°17′06″E / 14.4982°N 121.2849°E Taytay 1st 11.6% 288,956 38.80 14.98 7,400 19,000 5 14°34′10″N 121°07′57″E / 14.5695°N 121.1324°E Teresa 2nd 1.9% 47,163 18.61 7.19 2,500 6,500 9 14°33′38″N 121°12′27″E / 14.5606°N 121.2074°E Total 2,484,840 1,191.94 460.21 2,100 5,400 188 (see GeoGroup box) ^^ Former names are italicized. ^^ Coordinates mark the city/town center, and are sortable by latitude.

Demographics

Population census of Rizal
Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1903 50,095 —     1918 63,719 +1.62% 1939 87,876 +1.54% 1948 104,578 +1.95% 1960 173,958 +4.33% 1970 307,238 +5.85% 1975 411,109 +6.01%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1980 555,533 +6.20% 1990 977,448 +5.81% 1995 1,312,489 +5.68% 2000 1,707,218 +5.80% 2007 2,284,046 +4.10% 2010 2,484,840 +3.11%
Figures prior to 1980 exclude areas that became part of Metro Manila. Source: National Statistics Office[2]

Religion

Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion with about 80 percent adherence (Diocese of Antipolo, [Catholic-Hierarchy], 2004). Various Christian groups exist such as Aglipayan Church, Born-again Christians, Jesus Is Lord Church, Iglesia Ni Cristo, Jehovah's Witnesses, Baptist, Church of Christ of Latter Day Saints, Methodists, Presbyterians, Seventh-day Adventist and other Evangelical Christians. Muslims and other Non-Christians are also present.

Economy

Before the 1990s, the primary source of economy in Rizal province were the huge piggery estates owned by Manila-based families. In the recent years, the province became one of the most progressive provinces in country, owing to its proximity to Metro Manila, the economic center of the Philippines. Antipolo, Taytay and Cainta serve as the economic centers of the province, while Angono, Rodriguez, Morong, San Mateo, Tanay, Binangonan and Teresa are taking successful steps to urbanize areas within their jurisdiction. Other areas of the province are having difficulty to start the urbanization process, mainly because of the lack of main roads to connect these to economic centers.

In a study recently conducted by the National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB), Rizal province came out to be the Philippines' least poor province with a poverty incidence rate of 3.4%, even lower than that of the National Capital Region or Metro Manila. . In April 23, 2013, the National Statistics Coordination Board (NCSB) reported that Rizal, from being the least poor province in poverty incidence moved down to the 3rd Place, with Cavite taking over as the least province by 4.1% (compared to Rizal's 7.6%) and Laguna for 2nd with 6.3%.^[10]

Antipolo, the province's capital city, is the center of trade and exchange, tourism, government and economy. It is also a center of education and sports because of the availability of various educational and physical training facilities. Acclaimed of its scenic attractions, the city also produces agricultural products such as cashew nuts and rice cakes. Taytay, the province's center of garment and textile manufacturing, is also the town where the country's largest mall operator runs a store near the town center. Meanwhile, Cainta serves as the center of business-process outsourcing (BPO) businesses in the province, aside from being known for the presence of several shopping centers and delicacies such as bibingka or rice cakes.

Points of interest

City or municipality	Points of interest
Antipolo City (25 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Marcos Hi-way Sumulong Hi-way Cabrera Road (via Taytay) Antipolo Cathedral — the shrine of Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage, also known as the Virgin of Antipolo and the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Antipolo Hinulugang Taktak National Park — once a popular summer get-away and is being restored to become again one of the city's primary attractions Suman — a local delicacy made out of glutinous rice Boso Boso Church — built by the Jesuit priests on 1700 under the Patron of Nuestra Senora de la Anunciata Rizal Provincial Capitol — seat of the provincial government of Rizal Ynares Center Antipolo — an indoor sporting arena
Angono (30 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Taytay) Quezon Avenue Taytay-Angono Coastal Road (in Baytown) Angono Petroglyphs — the oldest known of art in the Philippines Higantes Festival — celebrated every November 23 in honor of their patron saint St. Clement. Higantes are made of bamboo and colorful cloth and its faces of paper mache.
Baras (48 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks J.P. Rizal Street Manila East Road via Morong Baras-Pinugay Road Palo Alto Falls and Leisure Park — a thousand feet falls. One has to climb up 249 steps to get to the foot of the falls Saint Joseph Parish — has been a setting of different films and TV Programs Sikaran — one of the Philippine's native martial arts
Binangonan (32 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Angono) J.P. Rizal Avenue Rodriguez in Talim Island Santa Ursula Parish — 200-year-old church Talim Island — a dagger-shaped island at the heart of Laguna de Bay Mt. Tagapo — located in Talim Island, a 270-metre (890 ft) mountain also known as "Bundok ng Susong Birhen"
Cainta (21 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Ortigas Avenue Extension (via Pasig) Marcos Hi-way Felix Avenue Bonifacio Avenue Our Lady of Light Parish — one of the oldest churches in the province Hunters ROTC Monument — a memorial for the Hunters ROTC guerrillas of World War II Cenakulo — the actual portrayal of the Passion of Christ on the streets
Cardona (42 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Binangonan) Kaluskos Kawayan — a showcase displayed every December Sapao-An Festival — feast of Our Lady of the Most Holy Rosary celebrated during the 7th of October Rock Garden — features hundreds of large stones formed by nature
Jalajala (69 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Pililia-Jalajala-Pakil Road D'Dalaylay Festival — celebrated every September 29 features street dances with colorful and artistic costumes
Morong (45 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Cardona) U-ugong Park — formerly a well-known rice field and has a majestic waterfalls; now a resort owned by a local artist Saint Jerome Parish Church — built in 1615 by a Chinese craftsmen. A first class relic of Saint Jerome was also in the church.
Pililla (53 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Tanay) Pililla-Jalajala-Pakil Road Bahay na Bato — believed to be as old as more than a hundred years Pililla Rizal Wind Farms — built by AltEnergy to give electricity to the whole Brgy. Halayhayin and Metro Manila as well. This also serves as a tourist attraction, and is located on the mountains near Laguna de Bay.
Rodriguez (38 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Rodriguez Road Mayon Avenue Rizal Avenue M.H. del Pilar Street Avilon Zoo — a 7.5-hectare (19-acre) zoo located in Barrio San Isidro and operated by the Avilon Wildlife Conservation Foundation Wawa Dam — an abandoned dam which is now a tourist destination Mountain of White Rocks — two white rock mountains of boulders with a very steep gorge in between Pamitinan Cave — an important historical site where Andres Bonifacio declared independence from Spain in 1895
San Mateo (24 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Gen. Luna Avenue Batasan-San Mateo Road Diocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Aranzazu
Tanay (57 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Manila East Road (via Baras) Sampaloc Road Marcos Hi-way (via Antipolo) Calinawan Cave — housed the townspeople during the Second World War Daranak Falls and Batlag Falls — the two most popular tourist attractions in Tanay Masungi Rock — interesting place to hikers and geologists Parola — the historic lighthouse of Tanay San Ildefonso Parish Church — built between 1773-1783; the second oldest church in the province Regina Rica — a 71-foot (22 m) statue of the Queen of the Holy Rosary Tanay Adventure Camp — holds the record of longest zip line (230 metres or 750 feet) in Rizal Daraitan River — one of the country's cleanest rivers PHILCOMSAT — the owner of a parcel of land situated in Barrio Pinugay, Brgy. Tandang Kutyo, Tanay where its Philippine Space Communications Center (PSCC) is located. The PSCC, which principally consists of herein respondent’s satellite earth station, serves as the communications gateway of the Philippines to more than two-thirds of the world. Incidentally, the property had been planted with fruit trees, rice and corn by farmers occupying the surrounding areas of the PSCC.
Taytay (19 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Ortigas Avenue Extension (via Pasig) Rizal Avenue Manila East Road Hi-way 2000 Phase-2 Tres Escalon Waterfalls and Maharlika Falls — two known natural waterfalls in the mountainous portion of Taytay Christ the King Parish — well-known to be the "Church in the Sky" because of its location
Teresa (29 km from Manila)	Important Road Networks Marcos Highway and Sumulong Highway (via Antipolo) Ortigas Avenue Extension (via Pasig, Cainta, Taytay and Antipolo) Turumba Festival — held every August 23 for the patron saint of Teresa, Santa Rosa de Lima

Government

The old Capitol in Pasig, which was the seat of government for the province until the new capitol building in Antipolo was completed

The provincial legislature or the Sangguniang Panlalawigan is composed of ten elected members. Four members are elected from each of the province's legislative district, while each of Antipolo's legislative district elect a single member.

Governors

References

1. "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
2. "Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities" (PDF). 2010 Census and Housing Population. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
3. Yehey! News - Board wants Antipolo officially named capital of Rizal
4. "tagalog". Litera1no4.tripod.com. 1999-11-02. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
5. "Presidential Decree No. 824 - Creating the Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for Other Purposes". The LawPhil Project. Malacañang, Manila, Philippines. 7 November 1975. Retrieved 17 April 2016. Section 2. Territorial Jurisdiction. The Commission shall have jurisdiction over the cities of Manila, Quezon, Pasay and Caloocan and the municipalities of Makati, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Las Piñas, Malabon, Navotas, Pasig, Pateros, Parañaque, Marikina, Muntinlupa, and Taguig in the province of Rizal; and the municipality of Valenzuela, in the province of Bulacan, all of which together shall henceforth be known as Metropolitan Manila.
6. "gmanews.tv, Rizal capitol to be transferred to Antipolo". Gmanews.tv. 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2012-04-24.
7. "Weather forecast for Rizal, Philippines". Storm247.com. StormGeo AS, Nordre Nøstekaien 1, N-5011 Bergen, Norway: StormGeo AS. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
8. "Province: Rizal". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority - National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
9. "Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010 (CALABARZON)" (PDF). 2010 Census of Population and Housing. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
10. "Rizal poverty incidence rate". NCSB. 2013-04-23. Retrieved 2013-05-05.

External links

• Media related to Rizal at Wikimedia Commons
• Geographic data related to Rizal at OpenStreetMap
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Local Governance Performance Management System