Antimony pentasulfide
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
1315-04-4  | |
| ChemSpider | 17615643 |
| EC Number | 215-255-5 |
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
| PubChem | 16683083 |
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| Properties | |
| S5Sb2 | |
| Molar mass | 403.82 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | yellow to orange powder |
| Density | 4.12 g/cm 3 |
| Melting point | 135 °C (275 °F; 408 K) (decomposes) |
| insoluble | |
| Solubility | soluble in HCl soluble in alkalis |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | R05 |
| Hazards | |
| EU classification (DSD) |
 F |
| R-phrases | R11 |
| Flash point | flammable |
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |
| PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[1] |
| REL (Recommended) |
TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (as Sb)[1] |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Antimony(III) sulfide |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
 verify (what is ?) | |
| Infobox references | |
Antimony pentasulfide is an inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur, also known as antimony red. It is a nonstoichiometric compound with a variable composition. Its exact structure is unknown.[2] Commercial samples are usually contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with carbon disulfide in a Soxhlet extractor.
Production
Antimony pentasulfide can be produced by the reaction of antimony with sulfur at a temperature between 250-400 °C in an inert atmosphere.
Uses
It may be used as a red pigment and is one possible precursor to Schlippe's Salt, Na3SbS4, which can be prepared according to the equation:
- 3 Na2S + Sb2S5 + 9 H2O → 2 Na3SbS4·9H2O
Physical chemistry
Like many sulfides, this compound liberates hydrogen sulfide upon treatment with strong acids like hydrochloric acid.[3]
- 6 HCl + Sb2S5 → 2 SbCl3 + 3 H2S + 2 S
Analysis by Mössbauer spectroscopy indicates that this compound is a derivative antimony(III),[4] explaining the production of antimony(III) chloride, rather than antimony(V) chloride, upon acidification. It is therefore not analogous to the phosphorus(V) compound phosphorus pentasulfide.
References
- 1 2 "NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0036". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, 102nd edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, p. 849, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1.
- ↑ Strem MSDS
- ↑ G. G. Long, J. G. Stevens, L. H. Bowen, S. L. Ruby (1969). "The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters 5 (1): 21–25. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X.
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