Archives of American Art

Archives of American Art
Location in Washington, D.C.
Established 1954
Location
Coordinates 38°53′52″N 77°01′22″W / 38.897851°N 77.022689°W / 38.897851; -77.022689
Type Archives
Visitors 1,498 (2009)
Director Kate Haw
Public transit access                Gallery Place – Chinatown
Website www.aaa.si.edu

The Archives of American Art is the largest collection of primary resources documenting the history of the visual arts in the United States. More than 20 million items of original material[1] are housed in the Archives' research centers in Washington, D.C. and New York City.

As a research center within the Smithsonian Institution, the Archives houses materials related to a variety of American visual art and artists. All regions of the country and numerous eras and art movements are represented. Among the significant artists represented in its collection are Jackson Pollock, Lee Krasner, Marcel Breuer, Rockwell Kent, John Singer Sargent, Winslow Homer, John Trumbull, and Alexander Calder. In addition to the papers of artists, the Archives collects documentary material from art galleries, art dealers, and art collectors. It also houses a collection of over 2,000 art-related oral history interviews, and publishes a bi-yearly publication, the Archives of American Art Journal, which showcases collections within the Archives.

History

The Archives of American Art was founded in Detroit in 1954 by then Director of the Detroit Institute of Art, E.P. Richardson, and art collector Lawrence A. Fleischman. Concerned about the lack of material relating to American art, the two organized the Archives of American Art with the support of scholars and businessmen. Their intention was to collect materials related to American artists, art dealers, institutions and writers, and to allow scholars and writers to access the holdings.[2] In 1970 the Archives became part of the Smithsonian Institution, moving its processing center and storage facility from Detroit to the Old Patent Office Building in Washington, D.C.[3]

Currently the collection and offices are located at the Victor Building, on 9th Street NW, only a few blocks away from the Old Patent Office Building.[4] Every year the Archives honors individual contributions to the American art community with the Archives of American Art Medal and art historians with the Lawrence A. Fleischman Award for Scholarly Excellence in the Field of American Art History. These awards are presented at the Archives' annual benefit and have been rewarded to Mark di Suvero, Chuck Close, John Wilmerding and others.[5]

In 2011, the Archives of American Art became the first Smithsonian business unit to work directly with Wikipedia through the Wikipedia Galleries, Libraries, and Museums project, starting by appointing the first Smithsonian Wikipedian in Residence, Sarah Stierch.[6]

Collections

Upon the founding of the Archives, all collections, whether loaned or donated to the Archives, were duplicated on microfilm, allowing the Archives to offer easy access to its collections nationwide and to establish archival databases in New York, Washington, D.C., Boston, Detroit, and at the DeYoung Museum in San Francisco.[7] Today's affiliates consist of the DeYoung, Boston Public Library, the Amon Carter Museum and The Huntington Library.[8] The Archives also offers microfilm for interlibrary loan at no charge.[7][9] Microfilm is no longer being produced at the Archives as it has been superseded by digitization. With funding from the Terra Foundation for American Art Digitization Program, the Archives has fully digitized numerous collections, which are accessible on their website.[10] In April, 2011, the Archives received a second Terra grant of $3 million to fund another five years of digitization and technological developments, which began in 2005 with a $3.6 million grant from Terra.[11]

The Archives relies heavily on grants and private donations to fund the archival processing and care of collections. In 2009 the Archives received a $213,315 grant from the Leon Levy Foundation to process the André Emmerich Gallery records and a $100,000 gift from the Kress Foundation to complete the digitization of the Jacques Seligmann & Company records. In 2009 the Archives acquired 88 collections totaling 717 linear feet.[10]

Notable collections

The Archives holds a unique collection of material from notable artists, dealers, critics and collectors. While papers and documents make up a large portion of the Archives, more unique objects have been acquired over the years. These include a bird nest and a Kewpie doll from the collection of artist Joseph Cornell; painter George Luks' death mask; and a cast iron model car that belonged to Franz Kline.[12] The earliest letter in the collection was written by John Smibert in 1743, in which Smibert describes to his dealer his theories about the future of art in America.[13]

The papers of African American artists

The Archives maintain over 50 paper collections of African American artists. Subjects covered in these personal papers include the expatriate experience, racism within the arts, and the Federal Art Project. The collection includes the sketchbooks of Palmer Hayden, Horace Pippin's illustrated journal of his military service during World War I, and photographs of Alma Thomas. Other notable collections represent Charles Alston, Hughie Lee-Smith, Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden and Henry Ossawa Tanner.[14]

The papers of Latino and Latin American artists

Over 100 individuals and organizations are represented in the Archives' Latin American art collection. Topics range from Mexican muralism to Surrealism, New Deal art patronage and the Chicano Movement. Notable collections include the diary of Carlos Lopez, the sketchbooks of Emilio Sanchez, source material for Mel Ramos and research materials from Esther McCoy relating to Mexican architecture. They also maintain oral histories starting in 1964.[15]

Rockwell Kent papers

Painter, author and illustrator Rockwell Kent donated his collection in 1969. It contained over 60,000 letters, notes, sketches, manuscripts, photographs and business records covering 70 years. One month later his house burned to the ground and Kent was quoted as stating that he had wished he had donated the entire house to the Archives.[12]

Leo Castelli Gallery

In 2007, gallery owner Leo Castelli's family donated his papers to the Archives. It took three years to organize the collection of more than 400 linear feet. The collection consists of the sales of every artwork sold by the gallery during Castelli's lifetime, published reviews of the gallery's exhibits, photographs, and correspondence with the many artists he represented, which included, among others, Roy Lichtenstein, Ellsworth Kelly, and Andy Warhol.[16]

Oral histories

In 1958, the Archives of American Art started an oral history program with base support from the Ford Foundation and continued with support from New York State Council on the Arts, Pew Charitable Trust, the Mark Rothko Foundation, and the Pasadena Art Alliance. Today the Archives houses nearly 2,000 oral history interviews relating to American art.[17] The program continues today with funding from the Terra Foundation of American Art, the Brown Foundation of Houston, the Widgeon Point Charitable Foundation, the Art Dealers Association of America. [18] Donor Nanette L. Laitman funded The Nanette L. Laitman Documentation Project for Craft and Decorative Arts In America enabling over 150 interviews with American craft artists.[19]

In 2009 the Archives received two major grants to further their oral history program: a $75,000 grant from the A G Foundation which established the Elizabeth Murray Oral History of Women in the Visual Arts Project destined to fund oral history interviews with important women within the American art community),[10] and a $250,000 grant from Save America's Treasures to assist with the digitization of approximately 4,000 recordings and the preservation of 6,000 hours of sound.[17]

Exhibitions

The Archives mounts rotating exhibitions of its collections at the Lawrence A. Fleischman Gallery of the The Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture in Washington, D.C. Exhibitions have included Of the Moment: A Video Sampler from the Archives of American Art, and Hard Times, 1929-1939, which examined the Great Depression's impact on American artists.[10] In 2012, the Archives celebrated the centennial birth of Jackson Pollock with an exhibition of Pollock's archives and artwork.[20]

Administration

The Archives of American Art is one of nine research centers of the Smithsonian Institution. It is managed by a director, nominated by a board of trustees. Governance includes an executive committee, a council, and emeriti members.[10]

Mission

To illuminate scholarship of the history of art in America through collecting, preserving, and making available for study the documentation of this country's rich artistic legacy.[21]

External links

References

  1. ↑ "About Us". Archives of American Art. 2013. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 4 Feb 2013.
  2. ↑ McCoy, vii
  3. ↑ Archives of American Art: Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution. May 1970.
  4. ↑ Speak out Loud. Smithsonian Institution. 2008. ISBN 1-884381-24-3. |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
  5. ↑ Marissa Hoechstetter (7 Oct 2010). "Smithsonian Announces Archives of American Art Medal Recipients". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
  6. ↑ Switzer, Cody (July 28, 2011). ‘Wikipedian-in-Residence’ Helps Share Smithsonian Archives "‘Wikipedian-in-Residence’ Helps Share Smithsonian Archives" Check |url= value (help). The Chronicle of Philanthropy. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
  7. 1 2 McCoy, viii.
  8. ↑ "Hours and Locations". About Us. Archives of American Art. 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.
  9. ↑ "Interlibrary Loan". Archives of American Art. 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 "Archives of American Art Annual Report 2009" (PDF). Archives of American Art. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.
  11. ↑ "Archives of American Art Receives Second Multimillion Dollar Grant from the Terra Foundation for American Art to Support Digitization Project.". Targeted News Service. 7 Apr 2011. Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.
  12. 1 2 Archives of American Art, 7.
  13. ↑ Nathan, Emily (March 1976), "The Archives of American Art.", Art Journal 35 (3): 259
  14. ↑ Archives of American Art, 1992, 1.
  15. ↑ Archives of American Art, The Papers of Latino & Latin American Artists, 1.
  16. ↑ Daniel Grant (24 February 2011). "Leo Castelli's Cache Of Art-History Gold". Arts & Entertainment (The Wall Street Journal). Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.
  17. 1 2 "2009 Save America's Treasures Grants" (PDF). Retrieved 17 Jun 2011.
  18. ↑ Archives of American Art, 2008, 6-7.
  19. ↑ "The Nanette L. Laitman Documentation Project for Craft and Decorative Arts In America". Archives of American Art. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  20. ↑ John Sapunor (2012). "Remix Your Weekend: Super Bowl Funday". Vox Populi. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  21. ↑ "Press releases". Informated. Retrieved 13 Jun 2011.

Bibliography

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