Al-Shatrah
| Al-Shatrah Shatrat al-Muntafiq, Shatreh | |
|---|---|
  Al-Shatrah Location in Iraq | |
| Coordinates: 31°24′35″N 46°10′18″E / 31.40972°N 46.17167°ECoordinates: 31°24′35″N 46°10′18″E / 31.40972°N 46.17167°E | |
| Country | Iraq |
| Governorate | Dhi Qar Governorate |
| Established | 1872 |
| Elevation | 13 ft (4 m) |
| Population (2009) | |
| • Total | 65,000-90,000 (estimated) |
Al-Shatrah (also known as Shatrat al-Muntafiq) is a town in southern Iraq, located northeast of Nasiriyah. It is the administrative capital of the al-Shatrah District, a part of the Dhi Qar Governorate. Al-Shatrah is situated along the Gharraf Canal at the intersection with Highway 7. It is 22.35 km west of the ancient city of Lagash.[1] In 2009, it had a population estimated between 65,000[2] and 90,000.[3]
History
Al-Shatrah was founded in 1872 during the Ottoman era in Iraq when the town was part of the Basra Vilayet. Not long afterward, the town established a strong trading relationship with Baghdad and became a hub of the grain trade in southern Iraq. Shatrah became the most important town along the Gharraf Canal and gained the nickname "Little Baghdad".[4] It served as the administrative center of a qadaa (subdistrict) of the same name, which was part of the Muntafiq Sanjak of the Basra Vilayet. The town's original official name was "Shatrat al-Muntafiq", but it was simplified by local residents to "al-Shatrah" to distinguish it from the nearby town of Qal'at Salih, which was officially known as "Shatrat al-Amarah" by the Ottoman authorities.[5]
In the summer of 1889, al-Shatrah experienced an outbreak of cholera, which caused the deaths of around 700 of its inhabitants, including the qaimaqam (lieutenant-governor) of the town. Prior to the outbreak, the population stood at around 5,000, but al-Shatrah was largely and temporarily deserted after the outbreak.[6]
Al-Shatrah was a stronghold of the al-Muntafiq tribal confederation which dominated southern Iraq during the Ottoman era. In the early 20th century, it was regarded as the tribe's seat of power.[7] It had a population of roughly 4,000, nearly all of whom were Shia Muslim Arabs with small Jewish and Mandean communities. Its market contained nearly 300 shops and was frequented by the Muntafiq tribesmen who predominated in the surrounding region. The Jewish community managed a primary school in the village.[5]
Iraq War
During the 2003 invasion of Iraq by U.S. troops, the body of a U.S. Marine was dragged through the streets of al-Shatrah and hung up in the town square.[8][9]
References
- ↑ "31.4114°,46.4072° — 31.4097°,46.1717° : 22.35 km / 13.89 m (great circle distance)" (distance between Ash Shatrah and Lagash), Movable Type Scripts, accessed 19 February 2009
- ↑ ""aš-Šaţrah" World Gazetteer".
- ↑ "Iraq City & Town Population" Tageo
- ↑ Anthropological Series 30. Field Museum of Natural History. 1940. p. 259.
- 1 2 Lorimer, =John Gordon (1915), Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, 'Oman, and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing
- ↑ Epidemiological Society of London (1894). Transactions of the Epidemiological Society of London 13. Bogue. pp. 129–130.
- ↑ United Service Institution of India (1924). Journal of the United Service Institution of India 54. United Service Institution of India. p. 190.
- ↑ Baker, Peter and Sheridan, Mary Beth (14 April 2003) "Marines Rescue Seven U.S. Prisoners; Iraqis Alert Unit Bound For Tikrit" The Washington Post p. A-1
- ↑ Wright, Evan (2004) Generation Kill: Devil Dogs, Iceman, Captain America, and the New Face of American War G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York, p. 228, ISBN 0-399-15193-1
