Ashburn, Ontario

Ashburn
Unincorporated community
Coordinates: 44°0′9″N 78°59′43″W / 44.00250°N 78.99528°W / 44.00250; -78.99528
Country Canada
Province Ontario
Regional municipality Durham
Town Whitby
Butler's Corners 1832
Ashburn 1850
Amalgamation with Town of Whitby 1968
Government
 • Type Municipality
 • Mayor Pat Perkins
 • Councillor Tracy Hanson (North Ward-1)
Elevation[1] 250 m (820 ft)
Time zone EST (UTC−5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC−4)
Forward sortation area L0B 1A0
Area code(s) 905 and 289
NTS Map 031D02
GNBC Code FADWX

Ashburn is a hamlet in the town of Whitby, Durham Region, Ontario, Canada, located approximately 15 kilometres north of the town core, and centred on the intersection of Ashburn Road and Myrtle Road. It is a rural settlement area on the Oak Ridges Moraine, situated on the headwaters of the Lynde Creek watershed and part of Ontario's protected Golden Horseshoe Greenbelt.[2]

1877 Map of Whitby Township, Ontario with a focus on Ashburn and surroundings

History

The community was originally named Butler's Corners after settler Richard Butler in 1832. The first European settlers were primarily Scottish immigrants. A much earlier native settlement on the Lynde Creek immediately south of the hamlet has been documented.[3] In the late 1830s, the Windsor Road Company was created and a road was built from Windsor Harbour (Whitby) to Butler's Corners.[4] The first store was opened in 1847.[5] The name "Ashburn" was eventually chosen in 1850 because of the community's connection to the potash industry. "Asheries were built to produce potash from the trees that were cleared during the settlement of Whitby Township."[6] The original spelling—Ashbourne, after Ashbourne, Derbyshire in England—was changed in error due to the cancellation stamp used by the post office (est. 1852).

In 1857, Whitby Township was divided into two municipalities: East Whitby, and Whitby. Ashburn was one of the principal villages of Township of Whitby, together with Brooklin and Myrtle. In 1869, Ashburn had a population between 100 and 250, with a stage coach to Uxbridge and Whitby, daily mail, an Orange Society (No. 176), three stores, two hotels and several blacksmiths and wagonmakers.[7] Between 1870 and 1872, a railway was built from Port Whitby on Lake Ontario to Port Perry on Lake Scugog, crossing Myrtle Road two kilometres east of Ashburn. The Port Whitby and Port Perry Railway—which was dismantled in 1941—allowed the hamlets of Whitby Township to ship grain and timber south to the railway mainlines along Lake Ontario. In 1875 the hamlet had a population of 150.[8] In the nineteenth century the local Agricultural Society regularly held cattle fairs in the village.[9] By 1910, the village's population declined to 100, and had a daily stage to the railway station in Myrtle.[10] It was serviced by the Claremont and Ashburn Telephone Company, which later became part of the York and Ontario Telephone Union.[11]

Wilson House, built 1868-69, 9005 Ashburn Rd., Ashburn, Ontario

The Burns Presbyterian Church has been central to the community since its beginnings in 1849. The first church building was constructed in 1857. It was completely destroyed by fire in 1967, and a new building was completed in 1968. In 2012 a major addition and renovation was undertaken by the congregation.[12]

The Ashburn School House (after 1967 a community centre) was built circa 1861 by William Pearson (1833–1897), a Scottish builder who constructed many fine stone houses in Whitby and Pickering; each wall was constructed in a different style to showcase Pearson's masonry skill. The school was designated a "cultural heritage property" in 1984.[13] In 1866, the school had about 80 pupils.[14] Today, the designated primary schools for Ashburn are in the neighbouring community of Brooklin, and the secondary schools in urban Whitby.[15]

On January 1, 1968, Whitby and the Township of Whitby, which included Ashburn and the three rural hamlets of Brooklin, Myrtle and Myrtle Station, amalgamated into the new Town of Whitby. The hamlet received a house numbering system in the 1980s.[16]

In 1972 Ashburn added only its third street when the Bryson family sold 9 acres in the northeast quadrant of the village to a developer with the stipulation that the street servicing the development be named after their two children, Glen and Laura.

In 1999 the community was visited by Prince Andrew, Duke of York, and in 2000 Ashburn celebrated its 150th anniversary.[17]

Geography

Ashburn is designated as an Oak Ridges Moraine Rural Settlement Area, and development is limited by the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Act of 2001. Its surrounding area has a high aquifer vulnerability, and the western edge has a woodland and wetland designated as hydrologically sensitive.[18] The Ashburn subwatershed (which extends as far north as Chalk Lake),[19] is home to the redside dace, a provincially designated endangered species threatened in the Lynde watershed by destroyed or degraded habitat.[20] In response to local environmental concerns, some citizens of Ashburn have formed the Ashburn Environmental Coalition.[21]

Demographics

Statistics Canada offers a 2006 Cumulative Profile for Ashburn and region (including Myrtle the western section of neighbouring Brooklin), with a total population of 6,409 and 2,198 dwellings.[22] Because of a building surge in Brooklin, the population increased by 64% from 2001 to 2006. In 2006, there were 565 people over the age of 65. 560 individuals had a mother-tongue other than English or French, with Tamil the most frequently spoken language in homes after English and French. 880 people came to Canada as immigrants, 385 of whom were fourteen years or younger in 2006. 540 are visible minorities (210 Black; 105 South Asian). There were 90 with Aboriginal identity. Outside of the medical professions, no one had an earned doctorate. The median income in 2005 for the population 15 years and older was $39,705, with a median family income of $98,250 (comparison: Whitby as a whole, $84,219; Ontario: $60,455). The average value of non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings was $371,655 (comparison: Whitby as a whole, $314,350).[23]

Contextual information for Ashburn's designated primary schools (in the neighbouring hamlet of Brooklin) indicates a lower percentage of children born outside of Canada than the regional and provincial averages, and far fewer bilingual children.[24]

Burns Presbyterian Church, 765 Myrtle Rd. W., Ashburn, Ontario. Addition and renovations, Spring 2012

Economy

Ashburn is a traditionally agricultural community. Today it is home to Greenwood Mushroom Farm, one of the three largest mushroom farms in Canada. The operation moved its headquarters and main production site from Pickering to Ashburn in 1993. In 2004, the operation employed 220 individuals.[25] In 2011, the Ashburn company received a grant of $3.1 million under Ontario's Rural Economic Development Program (RED), to expand their facilities on the Oak Ridges Moraine, and to support the creation of 80 new jobs.[26] In July 2004, 150 residents of Ashburn filed a $10 million civil lawsuit against Greenwood Mushroom Farm, claiming that the stench from the farm created a nuisance, and that its noxious odours violated the Environmental Protection Act.[27]

The hamlet is home to a number of sporting facilities: the Royal Ashburn Golf Club (est. 1962), which has been ranked as one of the top fifty public golf courses in Canada,[28] the Heather Glen Golf Course,[29] and Ski Dagmar.[30]

Also located in Ashburn is a fully wheelchair accessible working farm and registered charity, WindReach Farm. WindReach has welcomed more than 20,000 visitors with physical and/or intellectual disabilities annually and works with nearly 350 community organizations. Its Para-Dressage CPEDI3 competition attracts elite para-equestrian athletes from around the world.[31]

Transportation

Ashburn is easily accessible from Highway 407, which begins 17 kilometres south-west of the hamlet in the village of Brougham. Highway 7 and Highway 12 pass through the neighbouring hamlet of Myrtle, 3 kilometres east of Ashburn, leading south through Whitby to Highway 401 (17 kilometres) and north to the Trans-Canada Highway (35 kilometres). Myrtle Road is an important local east-west corridor, which has created safety concerns for walkers around the hamlet's main intersection at Ashburn Road.[32]

In 1990, Via Rail ceased passenger service on the Havelock-Peterborough-Toronto line, which runs across the northern edge of Ashburn and stops in the neighbouring hamlet of Myrtle Station. In recent years, there has been significant local, federal and provincial support for a plan to restore passenger service to this line.[33] The station would complement growth projections for the north end of Whitby.

A future opportunity and challenge to the community of Ashburn and its neighbours is the proposed development of an international airport 12 kilometers west of the village on the Pickering Airport lands. Under the current plan, the approach for one of the three landing strips would be directly south of Ashburn, with planes descending near the hamlet from an elevation of 521 metres to 480 metres. The plan anticipates 11.9 million passengers per year (or 32,600 per day) by 2032.[34] A "Needs Assessment Study" was completed by the Greater Toronto Airports Authority for the federal government in May 2010. After a "due diligence review," Transport Canada released the report in July 2011.[35]

Festivals

Annually the community hosts Ashburn Canada Day Festivities at Ashburn Park.

Notable residents

William G. Newman (1928–1988), a provincial Minister of Agriculture in the government of William G. Davis, was a resident of Ashburn and one-time reeve.[36]

In 2001, Ashburn resident Jean Achmatowicz MacLeod was made a Member of the Order of Canada by Governor General Adrienne Clarkson.[37]

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ Topoquest, accessed March 18, 2012.
  2. ↑ Central Lake Ontario Conservation Land and Water Conservation, accessed March 16, 2012; also Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, The Oak Ridges Moraine: Map; and Greenbelt Protection, accessed March 16, 2012.
  3. ↑ "Historic Rock near Brooklin" (1938), Greenwood - Kinsale Tweesdmiur History 1920-1938, p. 55; also Central Lake Ontario Conservation, "Lynde Creek Watershed Existing Conditions Report: 4.0 Settlement of the Lynde Creek Watershed" (June 2008), ch. 2, pp. 6-7.
  4. ↑ Timmins Martelle Heritage Consultants, "Stage 1 & 2 Archaeological Assessment, GO Transit, Whitby to Bowmannville Extension" (Oct. 2010), p. 18.
  5. ↑ J.C. Connor and J.W. Coltson, The County of Ontario Directory for 1869-1870 (Toronto: Hunter & Rose, 1869), 9.
  6. ↑ Central Lake Ontario Conservation, "Lynde Creek Watershed Existing Conditions Report: 4.5 Settlement in the Ashburn Subwatershed" (June 2008), ch. 2, pp. 14-15.
  7. ↑ Province of Ontario, Gazetteer and Directory (Toronto: Robertson, 1869), 33, gives a population of 100; J.C. Connor and J.W. Coltson, The County of Ontario Directory for 1869-1870 (Toronto: Hunter & Rose, 1869), 9; gives a population of about 180; H. N. McEvoy, ed., Gazetteer and Directory for the Province of Ontario for 1866 (Toronto: Mitchell & Co., 1866), p. 7, gives a population of 250. See also the 1877 map of Whitby Township with names of Ashburn landowners, lots and concessions: The Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Ontario (Toronto: Beers, 1877).
  8. ↑ P.A. Crossby, ed., Lovell's Gazetteer of British North America (Montreal: Lovell, 1875), 22.
  9. ↑ W. H. Higgins, The Life and Times of Joseph Gould, (Toronto: C. Blackett Robinson, 1887), 262; also 129.
  10. ↑ Province of Ontario, Gazetteer and Directory, 1910-1911 (Ingersoll: Union, 1910), p. 32.
  11. ↑ Wllm. R. Wood, Past Years in Pickering: Sketches of the History of the Community (Toronto: Wllm Briggs, 1911).
  12. ↑ Archeion, Fonds CONG-21 - Burn's Presbyterian Church (Ashburn, Ont.) fonds, accessed March 17, 2012; also Burns Presbyterian Church, "History," accessed March 17, 2012.
  13. ↑ Town of Whitby, Ashburn Community Centre, accessed March 16, 2012; also Pickering-Ajax Digital Library, "Ashburn School," accessed March 18, 2012. There are two other designated cultural heritage properties in Ashburn: the James Matthewson House and the Halsted-Fisher House (Ministry of Transportation, "407 East Cultural Heritage Existing Conditions, Appendix C: Town of Whitby Cultural Heritage Properties," August 2009).
  14. ↑ H. N. McEvoy, ed., Gazetteer and Directory for the Province of Ontario for 1866 (Toronto: Mitchell & Co., 1866), p. 7.
  15. ↑ Durham District School Board,School Locator, and Durham Catholic District School Board,School Locator, accessed March 18, 2012.
  16. ↑ Whitby Public Library, "Whitby Online Historic Photographs Collection: House Numbering in Whitby," accessed March 18, 2012.
  17. ↑ Royal Ashburn Golf Club, Our History, accessed March 17, 2012.
  18. ↑ Town of Whitby, "Hamlet of Ashburn Secondary Plan," Official Plan: Text (2010), pp. 177-182; Official Plan: Appendix (2010), Schedules R, S, T.
  19. ↑ Cf. Central Lake Ontario Conservation, "Lynde Creek Watershed Existing Conditions Report: Fig. 5, Ashburn Subwatershed" (June 2008), ch. 2, p. 15.
  20. ↑ CTC Source Protection Region, Amended Assessment Report: Central Lake Ontario Source Protection Authority (approved Jan. 18, 2012), ch. 2, pp. 17, 19, 20, accessed March 18, 2012; full report found at CTC Source Protection Region: News. Environmental organizations like the Oak Ridges Moraine Land Trust have organized tree-planting events in Ashburn to help rebuild the habitat of the redside dace.
  21. ↑ Asburn Environmental Coalition (AEC), accessed March 18, 2012.
  22. ↑ Statistics Canada, "Census Tracts containing Postal Code L0B1A: 2006 Cumulative Profile, Oshawa - Census Tracts containing Postal Code L0B1A0 (table), 2006 Census of Population (48 Census Metropolitan Areas/Census Agglomerations and Census Tracts) (database), Using E-STAT (distributor), Characteristic 5320105.11, accessed March 18, 2012. Cf. also map). This can be compared with the 2006 Community Profile for Whitby as a whole (which also includes Ashburn): Statistics Canada's 2006 Community Profile for the Town of Whitby.
  23. ↑ Statistics Canada, "Census Tracts containing Postal Code L0B1A: 2006 Cumulative Profile, Oshawa - Census Tracts containing Postal Code L0B1A0 (table), 2006 Census of Population (48 Census Metropolitan Areas/Census Agglomerations and Census Tracts) (database), Using E-STAT (distributor), Characteristic 5320105.11, accessed March 18, 2012; 2006 Community Profile for Whitby as a whole and Ontario: Statistics Canada's 2006 Community Profile for the Town of Whitby; Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Value of Dwelling; catalogue no. 97-554-XCB2006043 (Whitby, T Code3518009)."
  24. ↑ EQAO School and School Board Profiles and Reports, Brooklin Village Public School; St. Leo Catholic School, accessed March 18, 2012.
  25. ↑ Jason Santerre, "Mushroom Cloud over Ashburn," Harrowsmith Country Life (Dec. 1, 2004): 38.
  26. ↑ Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Ontario,New Food Processing Plant Creating Jobs in Durham (July 5, 2011).
  27. ↑ Elizabeth Brubaker, "A Mushrooming Problem: Agricultural Nuisances in Ontario," Greener Pastures: Decentralizing the Regulation of Agricultural Pollution (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007), ch. 5, p. 57; also "Ashburn residents launch suit over `putrid' odours from mushroom farm," The Canadian Press, July 9, 2004. In December 2011, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency warned the public that some sliced mushroom products from Greenwood Mushroom Farm "may be contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes" and were recalled; cf. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, "Health Hazard Alert: Certain Sliced Mushrooms may contain Listeria monocytogenes," accessed March 17, 2012.
  28. ↑ Royal Ashburn Golf Club, Our History, accessed March 17, 2012. In 2012, W. Paterson of the Royal Ashburn Golf Course received the Dr. J. Murray Speirs Restoration Award for his commitment to watershed stewardship and wetland habitat enhancement with the construction and naturalization of a 4-hectare wetland at the golf club (cf. Region of Durham, "Planning and Economic Development Report No. 2012-P-30," p. 3).
  29. ↑ Official website, Heather Glen Golf Course, accessed March 17, 2012.
  30. ↑ Official website, Ski Dogmar, accessed March 17, 2012.
  31. ↑ Heritage Canada, Government of Canada Supports WindReach International Para-Dressage CPEDI3 Competition (May 28, 2010), accessed March 17, 2012; Equine Canada, "Canadian Riders Victorious at the WindReach International Para-Dressage Event," (May 28, 2010), accessed March 17, 2012; Ministry of Community and Social Services, WindReach Farm: Making Country Life Accessible (Nov 4, 2011).
  32. ↑ Town of Whitby, Official Plan Review: Participant Feedback Summary. Phase 1, Workshop 3, April 20, 2011, p. 8; Official Plan Review: Participant Feedback Summary. Phase 1, Workshop 2, April 13, 2011, p. 5.
  33. ↑ Cf. Greg Gormick, Transportation Policy Advisor, Shining Waters Railway, January 11, 2011; MetroLinx (Greater Toronto Transportation Authority), Peterborough Rail Study: Final Report, vol. 1, Feb. 2010.
  34. ↑ Cf. Transport Canada, Plan Showing Pickering Airport Site; also Greater Toronto Airports Authority, Pickering Airport Draft Plan Report, 2004. By comparison, Toronto Pearson International Airport had 32.3 million passengers in 2008, with an average of 1,179 "aircraft movements" per day (GTTA, Toronto Pearson Fast Facts.
  35. ↑ Transport Canada, News Release: "Transport Canada releases findings of the 2010 Pickering Lands Needs Assessment Study," July 11, 2011.
  36. ↑ Former Agriculture Minister to Leave Politics, Tweedsmuir Village History Scrapbook - Greenwood - Kinsale, 1981.
  37. ↑ Office of the Governor General of Canada, Order of Canada: Jean Achmatowicz MacLeod, accessed March 17, 2011.

External links

Coordinates: 44°00′09″N 78°59′43″W / 44.00250°N 78.99528°W / 44.00250; -78.99528 (Ashburn)

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