Pickering, Ontario

For other uses, see Pickering (disambiguation).
Pickering
City (lower-tier)
City of Pickering

Nautical Village on Lake Ontario
Nickname(s): P-Town,PK

Map showing Pickering's location in Durham Region
Pickering

Map showing Pickering's location in Durham Region

Coordinates: 43°50′22″N 79°4′53″W / 43.83944°N 79.08139°W / 43.83944; -79.08139
Country  Canada
Province  Ontario
Region Durham
Established 1811 (township)
1974 (town)
2000 (city)
Government
 • Mayor David Ryan
 • Governing body Pickering City Council
 • MP Jennifer O'Connel (Pickering—Uxbridge)
 • MPP Tracy MacCharles (Pickering—Scarborough East)
Joe Dickson (Ajax—Pickering)
Area[1]
 • Total 231.59 km2 (89.42 sq mi)
Elevation 83.8 m (274.9 ft)
Population (2011)[1]
 • Total 88,721 (Ranked 58th)
 • Density 383.1/km2 (992/sq mi)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC−5)
 • Summer (DST) Eastern (EDT) (UTC−4)
Area code(s) 905 / 289 / 365
Highways  Highway 401
Website pickering.ca

Pickering (2011 population 88,721[1]) is a city located in Southern Ontario, Canada, immediately east of Toronto in Durham Region. It was settled by primarily ethnic British colonists, starting in the 1770s. Most of its growth has come since the end of World War II, and it has received immigrants from around the globe.

History

Early period

This was Aboriginal territory for thousands of years. The Wyandot (called the Huron by Europeans), who spoke an Iroquoian language, were the historic people living here in the 15th century. Archeological remains of a large village have been found here, known as the Draper Site.[2] Later, the Wyandot moved northwest to Georgian Bay, where they established their historic homeland. There they encountered French explorers in the early 17th century, followed by missionaries and fur traders.

The first recorded history of this area was made in 1669, when French Jesuit missionary François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon noted reaching what he called the Seneca (more likely Onondaga) village of Gandatsetiagon, on the shores of Frenchman's Bay (for whom it would be named for). The Onondaga (and the Seneca) were among the Five Tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy. The Onondaga (and other Iroquois) generally occupied territory to the south and west of Lakes Ontario and Erie in present-day New York, extending into Pennsylvania and the Ohio Valley, where they maintained hunting grounds. (The Seneca were located farther west, near Seneca Lake among the Finger Lakes. Fenelon wintered at the village and started missionary work with this people.[3])

European settlement

The British took over Canada following defeat of the French in the Seven Years' War, known in the North American front as the French and Indian War. They likely completed survey of the township about 1776; British colonial settlers were steadily migrating into the area from eastern areas of Canada.[4] The town was named after Pickering, North Yorkshire.[5]

In the 1813 census, Pickering had 180 residents —40 more than neighbouring Scarborough. A large influx of Quaker immigrants from the eastern United States arrived in the early 1810s.[6] The main thoroughfare at this time was the Kingston Road, which cut through the south of the township on its way from York (now Toronto) east to Kingston.

Pickering was represented in the Mackenzie Rebellion of 1837. One of the leaders, Peter Matthews, had formerly been one of the most prominent members of the community.[7]

Twentieth century

In 1941, the southeastern portion of the township became the independent town of Ajax. Ontario County, Ontario became Durham Region in 1974, and some of the town lines were modified. As a result, one of the population centres of the original township, Pickering Village, became part of Ajax, along with its secondary school.

Georgraphy

Toronto and Markham borders Pickering at the west and Ajax borders it at the east.

Climate


Under the Köppen climate classification, Pickering experienced a temperate Oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) with warm, humid summers, and cold, damp winters.

Climate data for Pickering, ON (2000–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 0
(32)		 1
(34)		 5
(41)		 11
(52)		 17
(63)		 23
(73)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 23
(73)		 16
(61)		 9
(48)		 3
(37)		 16
(61)
Average low °C (°F) −7
(19)		 −6
(21)		 −2
(28)		 3
(37)		 8
(46)		 14
(57)		 16
(61)		 16
(61)		 15
(59)		 8
(46)		 3
(37)		 −3
(27)		 5
(41)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 19
(0.75)		 12
(0.47)		 17
(0.67)		 26
(1.02)		 46
(1.81)		 76
(2.99)		 63
(2.48)		 45
(1.77)		 52
(2.05)		 48
(1.89)		 41
(1.61)		 26
(1.02)		 471
(18.53)
Source: World Weather Online[8]

Demographics

Historical populations
YearPop.±%
1813180—    
198137,754+20874.4%
199168,831+82.3%
199678,989+14.8%
200187,139+10.3%
200687,838+0.8%
201188,721+1.0%

Pickering has experienced rapid growth in the post-war period in the second half of the twentieth century. Toronto's continuing growth led to more people moving into Pickering. Between 1996 and 2001, the municipality experienced a growth rate of 10.3 percent (78,989 people to 87,139). Population growth has slowed considerably in recent years, growing only slightly between the 2001 and 2011 census.

The low population growth is mainly due to the city's development restrictions on land in the northern portion of its area, as they tried to contain sprawl. Negotiations are ongoing to permit development in this area. Consequently, the city has estimated that by 2031, Pickering will be home to 190,000 residents.[9] The province of Ontario has designated Pickering as one of two municipalities in Durham Region that are urban growth centres, planned to receive more development and population.

According to the 2011 Census, English is the mother tongue of 78.6% of the population, followed by Urdu (1.5%), Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (1.5%) and Italian (1.4%), reflecting 20th century and later immigration.

Visible minority and Aboriginal population[10][11][12]
Population group Population (2011) % of total population (2011) Population (2006) % of total population (2006)
White 55,940 63.6% 60,075 68.8%
Visible minority group South Asian 9,690 11% 7,940 9.1%
Chinese 2,025 2.3% 1,800 2.1%
Black 10,050 11.4% 8,845 10.1%
Filipino 2,910 3.3% 2,715 3.1%
Latin American 785 0.9% 655 0.7%
Arab 835 0.9% 610 0.7%
Southeast Asian 625 0.7% 310 0.4%
West Asian 830 0.9% 800 0.9%
Korean 285 0.3% 310 0.4%
Japanese 255 0.3% 375 0.4%
Visible minority, n.i.e. 1,435 1.6% 1,040 1.2%
Multiple visible minorities 1,410 1.6% 1,275 1.5%
Total visible minority population 31,130 35.4% 26,685 30.5%
Aboriginal group First Nations 565 0.6% 370 0.4%
Métis 215 0.2% 195 0.2%
Inuit 0 0% 10 0%
Aboriginal, n.i.e. 60 0.1% 15 0%
Multiple Aboriginal identities 0 0% 10 0%
Total Aboriginal population 850 1% 600 0.7%
Total population 87,920 100% 87,360 100%

Communities

The southern part of the city is mainly suburban, with industrial areas restricted to the area around Pickering Nuclear Generating Station. Most of the suburban areas were built as subdivisions after World War II, starting in the area around Frenchman's Bay. Prior to the war, the few suburban areas in the township were the communities of Dunbarton, Fairport Beach, Liverpool Market, and Rouge Hill. Squires Beach, located by the lakeshore in the southeast part of the city, is now a ghost town.

The northern part of the municipality is mainly rural, primarily used for agricultural purposes. However, a number of residential developments are found in this area, and the locally controversial Seaton area also falls within this part of the city. The primary rural communities in Pickering are Claremont, Brougham, and Whitevale; a number of smaller communities exist throughout northern Pickering. The abandoned ghost town of Altona is located there.

Economy

Traffic congestion on Highway 401 in Pickering. During rush hours and special holidays, Highway 401 suffers severe traffic jams, as several lanes end at Salem Road in Ajax causing a traffic bottleneck.

Pickering is home to the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, an eight-reactor facility with a capacity of 4,120 megawatts. The first station, Pickering A, opened with four reactors in 1971. Ontario Power Generation, the plants' operator, is the largest single employer in the city. In 2001, the wind-powered OPG 7 Commemorative Turbine was opened on the generating station site. The nuclear power plant is expected to start decommissioning in 2020.

A number of manufacturers are also located in the city. Major employers include Yorkville Sound (audio equipment), the Canadian headquarters of Purdue Pharma (pharmaceuticals and health & beauty products), Hubbell Canada (electrical equipment), PSB Speakers - Lenbrook (stereo equipment) and Eco-Tec Inc. (industrial water purification and chemical recovery systems).

Pickering is a founding member of the Durham Strategic Energy Alliance or DSEA. The nucleus of the DSEA is primarily Pickering businesses, such as Ontario Power Generation, Veridian, Siemens/Trench, Tetra Tech WEI, AECL, Intellimeter, Areva and Eco-Tec Inc.

The city is the location of the head office of the Municipal Property Assessment Corporation. MPAC performs value assessment for property tax purposes for all municipalities in Ontario. In 2012 Search Engine People, Canada's largest Internet-marketing company, moved to Pickering's downtown.

In 2006, Profit magazine recognized Pickering as one of the top 10 cities in Canada for growing a business.

In 2013, the Region of Durham released its Business Count (Employment Survey), which indicated that Pickering has the most jobs amongst Durham Region municipalities, with 29,000+ positions. This figure represents a near 1/3 ratio of jobs to residents.

With the implementation of Seaton and downtown intensification, the Province of Ontario's planning sees the additional creation of 40,000 new jobs for Pickering over the next two decades.

Looking eastbound from the Rougemount Dr. overpass of the 401 where it is 14 lanes wide

Transportation

Transit service began in Pickering with the Bay Shores dial-a-bus, which began in 1970-1973. In 2001 Pickering Transit merged with former Ajax Transit to form the Ajax-Pickering Transit Authority (APTA). In 2006, the regional transit system Durham Region Transit took over operations in the Durham Regional Municipality.

The Pickering GO station offers public rail transit on an east-west axis. In 2012, Pickering's landmark bridge opened - connecting the Pickering GO station to the City's downtown core.

Durham Regional Roads serve the city, north and south. To find more about Durham Regional Roads, go to this link: Durham Regional Roads . Ontario Highway 401 runs near the south end of Pickering.

A new airport is scheduled to be built and be operational by 2027. It will be built alongside lands for the future Rouge National Park.[13]

Malls

Nautical Village

This picturesque popular summer tourist destination by the lake and Frenchman's Bay features free musical entertainment at Millennium Square, a playground and waterfeature for children, a great boardwalk along the waterfront as well as cafes, restaurants, shops and an art gallery. Part of the Waterfront Trail in Pickering, on weekends between May and September, it features "Sundays on the Porch" where vendors are provided a location in front of a local business, that is closed on Sundays, to show and sell their wares in quaint Nautical Village located by the lake during peak season.

Restaurants

Pickering has several popular and unique restaurants, including Kobo Sushi,[14] Massey's, Crabby Joe's, PORT Restaurant and Big M, a burger joint. Bars and restaurants such as The Harp, Fox Goes Free, and The Bear offer bar grub and often provide nightly entertaining environments. With the redesign of the Pickering Town Centre, two new eateries - Jack Astor's and Moxies, provide additional dining options for the residents of Pickering.

Boats and benches by Frenchman's Bay by Millennium Square
Trees in blossom in the springtime in the Nautical Village
Boats docked by the Waterfront Trail in Frenchman's Bay, Pickering
OPG 7 Wind Turbine & Pickering Nuclear Plant from Beachfront Park
St. Isaac Jogues Church on Finch Avenue

Government

Pickering City Hall Clock Tower from Glenanna Rd. entrance

The city council consists of a mayor, three regional councillors, and three city councillors. The mayor and regional councillors sit on the council and also represent the city at Durham Regional Council. The city councillors sit on city council only. Pickering is divided into three wards, with one city councillor and one regional councillor representing each ward.

The current mayor, Dave Ryan, has held the mayoralty since 2003.

Emergency services

Police services in Pickering are provided by the Durham Regional Police from a division office located in the eastern section of the city. Officers from this location also patrol Ajax. Pickering Fire Services operates from four stations with a force of all full-time firefighters. Claremont Fire Hall is now fully staffed by full-time firefighters 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Ambulance/emergency medical services are provided by Durham Region.

Education

Pickering is served by the Durham District School Board, the Durham Catholic District School Board, the Conseil scolaire Viamonde and the Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud. As of early 2007, the public board operates 17 elementary schools and two secondary schools, Dunbarton High School and Pine Ridge Secondary School (Pickering High School was previously located in Pickering, but was transferred to Ajax when the city boundaries were changed). The Catholic board runs eight elementary schools and one secondary school, Saint Mary Catholic Secondary School. The French public school board operates École Ronald-Marion, which serves both elementary and secondary students.

Blaisdale Montessori School, a private school chain, has several locations throughout Pickering serving children from preschool age to grade 8. There is also a private elementary and junior high school there called Montessori Learning Centre. Also serving the Durham Region is Durham Secondary Academy & Middle School, an inspected private high school and middle school for grades 5 to 12.

In September 2012, the Durham College/Centennial College Joint Learning Site opened at the north terminus of the pedestrian bridge. The Joint Learning Site offers primarily graduate certificate programs, with a number of complementary courses and classes. At the time of its opening, it was the only public post-secondary institution in the Province of Ontario with a direct connection to public transit.

Notable natives and residents

In film

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 "Pickering, City Ontario (Census Subdivision)". Census Profile, Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. 8 February 2012. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
  2. ↑ James F. Pendergast, "The Confusing Identities Attributed to Stadacona and Hochelaga", Journal of Canadian Studies, Winter 1998, pp. 3–4, accessed Feb 3, 2010.
  3. ↑ Wood 1911, p. 11.
  4. ↑ Wood 1911, p. 17.
  5. ↑ Alan Rayburn. Place Names of Ontario. University of Toronto Press. p. 270. ISBN 9780802072078.
  6. ↑ Wood 1911, p. 18.
  7. ↑ Wood 1911, p. 27.
  8. ↑ {{http://www.worldweatheronline.com/pickering-weather-averages/ontario/ca.aspx}}
  9. ↑ "City of Pickering Community Profile" (PDF). City of Pickering. 2012. Retrieved 2013-03-02.
  10. ↑ , Aboriginal Population Profile from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision
  11. ↑ , Community Profiles from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision
  12. ↑ , National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011
  13. ↑ "Pickering airport announcement blindsides province and locals". The Star (Toronto). 2013-06-11.
  14. ↑ http://www.kobogourmet.com/

References

Art

Pickering Pioneer Family by Andreas Drenters

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pickering, Ontario.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pickering (Ontario).
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Toronto Lake Ontario Ajax

Coordinates: 43°50′07″N 79°05′20″W / 43.8354°N 79.0890°W / 43.8354; -79.0890

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