Awkward silence

An awkward silence is an uncomfortable pause in a conversation or presentation.^[1] The unpleasant nature of such silences is associated with feelings of anxiety as the participants feel pressure to speak but are unsure of what to say next.^[2] In conversation, average pause length varies by language, culture and context. An awkward silence may occur if a pause has exceeded, for instance, a length generally accepted for demarcating a subject change or the end of a turn. It may be preceded by an ill-considered remark or an imbalance in which one of the participants makes minimal responses.^[3] Alternatively, the tension may arise from an expectation that speech is expected in the setting, such as a classroom or presentation.^[4]

When Europeans communicate with Japanese, a period of meaningful silence is sometimes misinterpreted as an awkward silence.^[5] Awkward silences may occur when Japanese are confronted with a direct question as the loss of face when making an unwelcome admission tends to make them reluctant to say phrases like "I don't know".^[6]

Remediation

Awkward silences may result from a faltering conversation in which the participants have completed what they wanted to say. To avoid such a conclusion, it has been recommended that the participants actively close the conversation by summarising what was said and thanking the others for their contributions.^[7]

When prolonged conversation is expected, people may be put at ease and conversation facilitated by contriving topics. In a social setting where people are meeting for the first time, the organiser of the gathering may propose an icebreaker or conversation opener such as a round of introductions. Conversation pieces, such as novel trinkets or artworks, may be used to stimulate continued conversation. In an online setting or virtual reality, an automated agent may be used to monitor and stimulate flagging conversation by suggesting topics.^[8]

In art and literature

In the film Pulp Fiction, Mia and Vincent discuss awkward silences after a pause in their conversation at Jackrabbit Slim's:^[9]

“

Mia: Don't you hate that? Vincent: Hate what? Mia: Uncomfortable silences. Why do we feel it's necessary to yak about bullshit? In order to be comfortable? Vincent: I don't know. That's a good question. Mia: That's when you know you found somebody really special, when you can just shut the fuck up for a minute, and comfortably share silence.

”

^[10]

The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson features a running gag of an awkward pause between Craig Ferguson and guests.^[11]

References

1. She's worried about awkward silence, Boston Globe, February 16, 1993
2. Eveline D. Schulman (1982), Intervention in human services, p. 271, ISBN 978-0-8016-4371-2
3. Margaret L. Mclaughlin, Michael J. Cody (17 Mar 2006), "Awkward Silences: Behavioural Antecedents and Consequences of the Conversational Lapse", Human Communication Research 8 (4): 299–316, doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.1982.tb00669.x
4. Mary M. Reda (2009), Between Speaking and Silence: A Study of Quiet Students, SUNY Press, p. 168, ISBN 9780791493618
5. Christalyn Brannen (2002), Going to Japan on Business: Protocol, Strategies, and Language for the Corporate Traveler, Stone Bridge Press, p. 73, ISBN 978-1-880656-73-0
6. Ikuko Nakane (2007), Silence in Intercultural Communication, John Benjamins Publishing Company, p. 164, ISBN 9789027254108
7. Chris Gottschalk (2010), "Exit Stage Left", How to Start and Make a Conversation, ISBN 978-1-60138-383-9
8. N. Satoshi, N. Hideyuki, I.Tooru, "A Virtual Space Agent that Facilitates Conversation", Joho Shori Gakkai Shinpojiumu Ronbunshu 2000 (7): 19–24
9. Stefan H. Krieger (Spring 2001), "A Time to Keep Silent and a Time to Speak" (PDF), Oregon Law Review 80 (1)
10. Wikiquote:Pulp Fiction#Dialogue
11. The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson awkward pauses on YouTube