Kempegowda International Airport

Kempegowda International Airport
ಕೆಂಪೇಗೌಡ ಅಂತರರಾಷ್ಟ್ರೀಯ ವಿಮಾನ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ
IATA: BLR – ICAO: VOBL
Summary
Airport type Public
Owner/Operator Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL)
Serves Bangalore
Location Devanahalli, Karnataka, India
Opened 24 May 2008
Hub for
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL 915 m / 3,002 ft
Coordinates 13°12′25″N 077°42′15″E / 13.20694°N 77.70417°E / 13.20694; 77.70417Coordinates: 13°12′25″N 077°42′15″E / 13.20694°N 77.70417°E / 13.20694; 77.70417
Website www.bengaluruairport.com
Map
BLR

Location in India

Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
09/27 4,000 13,123 Asphalt
Statistics (2015)
Passengers 18,111,096
Aircraft movements 146,734
Cargo tonnage 287,146

Kempegowda International Airport (IATA: BLR, ICAO: VOBL) is an international airport serving Bangalore, the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. Spread over 4,000 acres (1,600 ha), it is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the city near the village of Devanahalli. It is owned and operated by Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL), a public–private consortium. The airport opened in May 2008 as an alternative to increased congestion at HAL Airport, the original primary commercial airport serving the city. It is named after Kempe Gowda I, the founder of Bangalore.

As of 2015, Kempegowda Airport is the third busiest airport by passenger traffic in the country, behind the airports in Delhi and Mumbai. It handled roughly 18 million passengers in 2015 with 400 aircraft movements per day. The airport also handled about 287,000 tonnes (316,000 short tons) of cargo.

The airport consists of a single runway and passenger terminal, which handles both domestic and international operations. A second runway and terminal are in the early stages of planning and construction. In addition, there is a cargo village and three cargo terminals. The airport serves as the primary hub for AirAsia India and Air Pegasus, and as a secondary hub for Jet Airways. It is also a focus city for Air India, IndiGo, GoAir and SpiceJet.

History

The terminal building nearing completion in March 2008

The original airport serving Bangalore was HAL Airport, located 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the city centre. However, as Bangalore grew into the Silicon Valley of India and passenger traffic to the city rose, the airport was unable to cope.[2] There was no room for expansion and the apron could only park six aircraft.[3]

In March 1991, former chairman of the National Airports Authority of India (NAAI) S. Ramanathan convened a panel to select the site for a new airport. The panel decided on Devanahalli, a village about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Bangalore.[4][5] The State Government made a proposal to build the airport with private assistance, which the Union Government approved in 1994.[6]

In December 1995, a consortium consisting of Tata Group, Raytheon and Singapore Changi Airport signed a memorandum of understanding with the State Government regarding participation in the project. In June 1998, however, the consortium announced it was pulling out of the project due to delays in government approval. These included disputes over the location of the airport and the fate of HAL Airport.[4][7]

In May 1999, the Airports Authority of India (AAI) and the Karnataka State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation (KSIIDC) of the State Government signed a memorandum of understanding regarding the nature of the project. It would be a public–private partnership, with AAI and KSIIDC having a 26% share and private companies having the remaining 74%.[6] In January 2001, the State Government created the company Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL) as a special purpose entity and began searching for partners.[8] By November, the project had attracted Unique Zürich Airport, Siemens Project Ventures and Larsen & Toubro.[9]

Construction was expected to begin in October 2002;[10] however, governmental delays persisted.[11][12] The concession agreement between the State Government, the Union Government and BIAL was signed in July 2004.[13] In it, BIAL required the closure of HAL Airport.[14]

Construction and opening

Construction finally commenced on 2 July 2005.[15] When a study predicted the airport would receive 6.7 million passengers in 2008, the airport was redesigned from its initial capacity of 4.5 million passengers to 11 million,[16] with the terminal size expanded and the number of aircraft stands increased. The cost of the airport rose to ₹1930 crore (US$290 million).[17] Construction was completed in 32 months, and BIAL set the launch date for 30 March 2008.[18] However, due to delays in establishing air traffic control services at the airport, the launch date was pushed to 11 May[19] and finally 24 May 2008.[20]

As the opening date for the airport approached, public criticism arose, mainly directed toward the closure of HAL Airport. In March 2008, AAI employees conducted a massive strike against the closure of HAL Airport along with Begumpet Airport in Hyderabad, fearing they would lose their jobs.[21] The Bangalore City Connect Foundation, a group of citizens and businessmen, staged a rally in mid-May, claiming the new airport was too small for the latest demand projections.[22][23] On 23 May, a hearing was held at the Karnataka High Court over poor connectivity between the city and the airport. Ultimately, the State Government decided to go ahead with inaugurating the new airport and closing HAL Airport.[24]

The first flight to the airport, Air India Flight 609 from Mumbai, was allowed to land the previous night as it would be continuing to Singapore shortly after midnight. The aircraft touched down at 10:40 pm on 23 May.[25] The airport became the third greenfield airport under a public–private partnership to open in India, after Rajiv Gandhi International Airport in Hyderabad and Cochin International Airport.[26]

Renaming

The original name of the airport was Bengaluru International Airport.[27] In February 2009, the State Government sent a proposal to the Union Government to rename the airport after the founder of Bangalore, Kempe Gowda I.[28] When no action was taken, the State Government passed a resolution for the name change in December 2011.[29] The Union Government accepted the proposal in 2012[30] and formally approved it in July 2013.[29] The airport was officially renamed on 14 December 2013 amid the inauguration of the expanded terminal building.[31]

Later developments

Kingfisher Airlines once operated a hub and was one of the largest airlines at Kempegowda Airport. Following its collapse in October 2012, other airlines stepped in to fill the gap in domestic connectivity by adding more flights.[32] In addition, Air Pegasus[33] and AirAsia India[34] launched hub operations at the airport in 2014.

Ownership

The airport is owned and operated by Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL), a public limited company. The Government of India has granted BIAL the right to operate the airport for 30 years, with the option to continue for another 30 years.[35] The company is a public–private venture. 26% is held by government entities Karnataka State Industrial Investment and Development Corporation (13%) and Airports Authority of India (13%), and 74% is held by private companies GVK Group (43%), Siemens Project Ventures (26%) and Zürich Airport (5%).[36]

In March 2016, GVK Group announced it would sell 33% of its stake to Fairfax Financial.[37] The following month, Zürich Airport decided to sell its 5% stake to Fairfax as well.[38]

Runway

Runway 09/27 is the sole runway at Kempegowda Airport. It measures 4,000 by 60 metres (13,120 ft × 200 ft). The runway is rated CAT I and can handle ILS approaches in both directions.[39] It can also handle all types of aircraft, including the Airbus A380.[2]

Between 11 March and 4 May 2012, runway 09/27 was entirely resurfaced due to a serious decline in quality.[40] From 11 March to 3 April, the runway was closed between 10:30 am and 5:30 pm daily.[41] BIAL accused Larsen & Toubro, the company that laid the runway, of constructing it poorly; the runway had been in operation for only four years.[42]

Terminal

Check-in counters at main terminal

The passenger terminal serves both domestic and international flights. It covers 150,556 square metres (1,620,570 sq ft)[43] and can handle 20 million passengers annually.[44] Check-in and baggage reclaim facilities are situated on the lower floor, while all departure gates are located on the upper floor. There is a total of six gates: six domestic gates (gates 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 15) and six international gates (16, 17, 18, 21-22, 23-24, 25-26).[45] Gate 25-26 is equipped to serve the world's largest passenger aircraft, the Airbus A380.[46]

The terminal has several restaurants and retail outlets, including duty-free stores.[47] Lounges are provided by Above Ground Level and Plaza Premium Lounge, which also operates a day hotel in the terminal.[48] In addition, there is a 930-square-metre (10,000 sq ft) VIP lounge for dignitaries.[49][50]

Other facilities

ATC tower

Aviation fuel services

The airport has a fuel farm, spread over 11 acres (4.5 ha) west of the cargo village and passenger terminal. It was built by IndianOil SkyTanking Ltd (IOSL) but is shared by multiple oil companies.[51] In October 2008, Indian Oil commissioned a 36-kilometre (22 mi) fuel pipeline between its storage terminal in Devanagonthi and Kempegowda Airport. Previously, jet fuel had to be transported to the airport by tank trucks, which created traffic and pollution problems.[52]

Cargo facilities

Kempegowda Airport has three cargo terminals. One is operated by Menzies Aviation Bobba Pvt Ltd and has a capacity for 150,000 tonnes (170,000 short tons) of cargo;[53] it includes a facility for storing pharmaceuticals.[54] Air India SATS (AISATS) operates one terminal, which can handle 200,000 tonnes (220,000 short tons) of cargo.[53] AISATS is also constructing the AISATS Coolport, which will be able to hold 40,000 tonnes (44,000 short tons) of perishable goods.[55] Lastly, DHL and Blue Dart Aviation jointly operate a 20,500-square-metre (221,000 sq ft) terminal.[56]

BIAL inaugurated a separate cargo village in December 2008. The village is spread over 11 acres (4.5 ha) and includes office space, conference rooms, a cafeteria for staff and parking space for nearly 80 trucks.[53] It did not open for occupation until 2010 and initially suffered low occupancy, which some cargo agents attributed to the opening delay, high rent and limited infrastructure.[57]

Expansion

Phase 1 expansion underway in June 2012

Kempegowda Airport is being expanded in two phases. The first phase was completed in December 2013, and the second phase began in February 2016.

Phase 1

The first phase involved the expansion of the original terminal building. It began in June 2011[58] and was completed in December 2013 at a cost of ₹1500 crore (US$220 million).[59] The terminal was doubled to a size of 150,556 square metres (1,620,570 sq ft); facilities for check-in, immigration, security and baggage reclaim were all expanded.[43] In addition, four gates with jetways were added. To connect the original building with the expanded areas, a large, smile-shaped roof was built.[49] The expanded terminal, dubbed "Terminal 1A",[59] has raised the airport's annual passenger capacity to 20 million.[44]

Phase 2

The second phase of expansion includes the construction of a second runway and a second terminal, and the expansion of cargo facilities to a capacity of 1,000,000 tonnes (1,100,000 short tons).[60] It will cost about ₹4000 crore (US$590 million)[61] and will raise Kempegowda Airport's annual passenger capacity to 55 million.[62][63] The phase received environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests in September 2014.[64]

The second runway is being built south of the passenger terminal. It will be parallel to runway 09/27 and will measure 4,000 by 60 metres (13,120 ft × 200 ft), wider than the original runway so it can accommodate larger aircraft. The runway will also be CAT III certified, allowing for landings in low visibility such as fog.[65] Ground work commenced in late February 2016 and will continue for another 12 months, after which the runway will be laid.[61]

Terminal 2 is being designed by US architectural firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and the design will be finalised by August 2016. The terminal will be constructed in two phases, with Phase 1 expected to begin in January 2017. Phase 1 will give the terminal a capacity of 20 million passengers per year, and Phase 2 will increase the capacity to 35 million.[61]

Airlines and destinations

An IndiGo Airbus A320 on the ramp
A GoAir Airbus A320
An Oman Air Boeing 737-800 at the terminal
A British Airways Boeing 777-200ER at the gate
A Singapore Airlines Cargo Boeing 747-400F

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Air Arabia Sharjah
Air Costa Ahmedabad, Coimbatore, Jaipur, Vijayawada, Visakhapatnam
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Chennai, Delhi, Dubai–International, Goa, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Malé, Mumbai, Muscat, Pune, Thiruvananthapuram
Air India Regional Agatti, Kochi, Vijayawada
Air Mauritius Mauritius
Air Pegasus Chennai, Hubli, Madurai, Mangalore, Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi (begins 18 May 2016)[66]
AirAsia Kuala Lumpur–International
AirAsia India Chandigarh, Delhi, Goa, Jaipur, Kochi, Pune, Visakhapatnam
British Airways London–Heathrow
Dragonair Hong Kong
Emirates Dubai–International
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
GoAir Delhi, Goa, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Port Blair, Pune, Ranchi
IndiGo Agartala, Ahmedabad, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Dehradun, Delhi, Dubai–International, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jaipur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam
Jet Airways Abu Dhabi, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Dehradun, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Madurai, Hyderabad, Imphal, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Jorhat, Kochi, Kolkata, Mangalore, Mumbai, Nagpur, Pune, Rajkot, Thiruvananthapuram
Kuwait Airways Kuwait
Lufthansa Frankfurt
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International
Nepal Airlines Kathmandu
Oman Air Muscat
Qatar Airways Doha
Saudia Dammam, Jeddah, Riyadh
SilkAir Singapore
Singapore Airlines Singapore
SpiceJet Amritsar, Belgaum, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Mangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Srinagar, Varanasi, Vijayawada
SriLankan Airlines Colombo
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang
Tigerair Singapore
TruJet Hyderabad
Vistara Delhi, Mumbai

Cargo

The following cargo airlines fly to the airport:

Statistics

Annual passenger traffic and aircraft movements at Kempegowda International Airport
Year Passenger traffic Aircraft movement
Passengers Percent change Aircraft movements Percent change
2015 18,111,096[78] Increase 25.2 146,734[79] Increase 12.9
2014 14,470,900[78] Increase 13.2 130,025[79] Increase 13.8
2013 12,779,119[80] Increase 6.4 114,239[81] Increase 7.6
2012 12,010,553[80] Decrease 4.2 106,175[81] Decrease 10.2
2011 12,543,523[82] Increase 11.6 118,227[83] Increase 7.3
2010 11,237,468[82] Increase 19.1 110,171[83] Increase 7.9
2009 9,434,141[84] 102,097[85]

Connectivity

The trumpet interchange between NH 7 and the road leading from Kempegowda Airport
BMTC Volvo buses connecting the city to the airport

Road

Kempegowda Airport is connected to the city of Bangalore by National Highway 7 (NH 7). In January 2014, a six-lane flyover was completed over NH 7 between Hebbal and the airport, helping to reduce travel time to and from the city.[86][87] The airport car park is located at ground vehicle and can hold 2,000 vehicles.[2] In addition, several taxi and rental car companies serve Kempegowda Airport.[88]

The Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) provides bus transportation to major parts of the city through the Vayu Vajra (Kannada for "Diamond in the Air") service.[89] It is operated using a fleet of Volvo B7RLE buses. In addition, the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) operates a nonstop bus service between Kempegowda Airport and Mysore, as well as a route to Manipal via Mangalore.[90]

Rail

Under Phase 3 of the Namma Metro, a rail link will be constructed between the city and Kempegowda Airport, which will receive an underground station.[91] RITES has conducted a feasibility study and selected five possible routes;[92] however, the Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation (BMRC) has yet to choose one.[91] A high-speed rail link was previously considered and went as far as obtaining approval from the Union Government.[93] However, the project was eventually scrapped due to high costs and the lack of stops along the line.[94][95]

See also

References

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  78. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2015: Annexure III (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 9 March 2015. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2015: 1,407,353 passengers; January 2014: 1,098,682 passengers
  79. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2015: Annexure II (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 9 March 2015. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2015: 11,577 aircraft movements; January 2014: 10,388 aircraft movements
  80. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2013: Annexure III (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 27 March 2013. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2013: 1,048,563 passengers; January 2012: 1,100,637 passengers
  81. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2013: Annexure II (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 27 March 2013. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2013: 8,855 aircraft movements; January 2012: 10,277 aircraft movements
  82. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2011: Annexure III (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 18 March 2011. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2011: 1,019,892 passengers; January 2010: 911,919 passengers
  83. 1 2 Traffic News for the month of January 2011: Annexure II (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 18 March 2011. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2011: 9,485 aircraft movements; January 2010: 9,122 aircraft movements
  84. ↑ Traffic News for the month of January 2009: Annexure III (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 5 January 2010. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2009: 727,186 passengers
  85. ↑ Traffic News for the month of January 2009: Annexure II (PDF). Airports Authority of India (Report). 5 January 2010. p. 3. Retrieved 4 April 2016. January 2009: 8,382 aircraft movements
  86. ↑ "Hebbal to Kempegowda International Airport in 20 minutes". The Times of India. 30 January 2014. Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  87. ↑ "Drive to airport to be smoother by month-end". The Hindu. 2 January 2014. Archived from the original on 18 April 2014. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  88. ↑ "Driving to and from the Airport". Bengaluru Airport. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  89. ↑ "Vayu Vajra bleeds BMTC of Rs 5 lakh a day". Bangalore Mirror. 3 November 2008. Archived from the original on 3 April 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  90. ↑ Sastry, Anil Kumar (17 August 2015). "KSRTC to operate Flybus between Manipal and KIA". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  91. 1 2 Aparajita, Ray (20 January 2016). "Six years on, Metro Rail yet to decide on route for airport line". The Times of India. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  92. ↑ Suchith, Kidiyoor (27 January 2015). "Metro can explore 5 RITEs of passage to B’luru intl airport". Bangalore Mirror. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  93. ↑ S., Kushala (22 June 2009). "High-speed rail to BIA gets green light". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  94. ↑ "Cost, viability nix high-speed rail link to Bengaluru International Airport". The Times of India. 19 October 2013. Archived from the original on 3 April 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
  95. ↑ Yousaf, Shamsheer (25 September 2012). "High speed rail line to airport in Bangalore may be discarded". Livemint. Archived from the original on 11 March 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2016.

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