Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944

Italian Campaign

Invasion of Sicily Invasion of Italy Avalanche Baytown Slapstick Armistice with Italy Achse Naples Vatican bombing Volturno Line Barbara Line Bari raid Winter Line (Bernhardt Line / Cassino / Anzio Nettuno) Trasimene Line Ancona Elba Gothic Line 1945 Spring offensive

Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944 is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the Winter Line January 1944 during the period generally known as the First Battle of Monte Cassino.

Allied Armies in Italy

C-in-C: General Sir Harold Alexander

Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding

U.S. Fifth Army

Commander:

Lieutenant-General Mark Wayne Clark

British X Corps (left)

Lieutenant-General Sir Richard McCreery

British 5th Infantry Division (Major-General Gerald Bucknall to 22 January then Major-General P. G. S. Gregson-Ellis^[1])
- 13th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. M. Campbell)
  - 2nd Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)
  - 2nd Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers
  - 2nd Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment
- 15th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier E. O. Martin until 22 January then Brigadier J. Y. Whitfield^[2])
  - 1st Battalion, Green Howards
  - 1st Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
  - 1st Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
- 17th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Dudley Ward)
  - 2nd Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers
  - 2nd Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment
  - 6th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders
- 201st Guards Brigade (under command) (Brigadier R. B. R. Colvin)
  - 6th Battalion, Grenadier Guards
  - 3rd Battalion, Coldstream Guards
  - 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards
- Divisional troops
  - 91st, 92nd, 98th and 156th Field regiments, Royal Artillery
  - 102nd Medium Regiment, RA
  - 52nd Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 18th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 5th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 50th Royal Tank Regiment (One squadron attached from Corps troops)
  - 7th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)
  - 245th, 252nd and 38th Field companies, Royal Engineers
  - 254th Field Park Company, RE
  - 18th Bridge Platoon, RE
British 46th Infantry Division (Major-General John Hawkesworth)
- 128th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier M. A. James)
  - 2nd Battalion, Hampshire Regiment
  - 1/4th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment
  - 5th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment
- 138th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier G. P. Harding)
  - 6th Battalion, Lincolnshire Regiment
  - 2/4th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
  - 6th Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
- 139th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier R. E. H. Stott)
  - 2/5th Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment
  - 5th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters
  - 16th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry
- Divisional troops
  - 70th, 71st and 172nd Field regiments, RA
  - 5th Medium Regiment, RA
  - 58th Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 115th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 46th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 2nd Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers (Machine gun)
  - 270th, 271st and 272nd Field companies, Royal Engineers
  - 273rd Field Park Company, RE
  - 201st Bridge Platoon, RE
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (attached from Corps troops^[3])
British 56th Infantry Division (Major-General Gerald Templer)
- 167th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier C. E. A. Firth until 29 January then Brigadier J. Scott-Elliott^[4])
  - 8th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
  - 9th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
  - 7th Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
- 168th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier K. C. Davidson)
  - 10th Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment
  - 1st Battalion, London Scottish
  - 1st Battalion, London Irish Rifles
- 169th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. O. Lyne)
  - 2/5th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
  - 2/6th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
  - 2/7th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
- Divisional troops
  - 64th, 65th, 113th and 142nd Field regiments, RA
  - 51st Medium Regiment, RA
  - 67th Anti-tank Regiment, RA
  - 100th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, RA
  - 214th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, RA
  - 44th Reconnaissance Regiment
  - 6th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)
  - 220th, 221st and 501st Field companies, RE
  - 563rd Field Park Company, RE
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (One squadron attached from Corps troops^[4]
Corps Troops
- British 23rd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier R. H. E. Arkwright)
  - 40th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
  - 50th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
  - 11th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps
- 2nd Special Service Brigade (Brigadier T. D. L. Churchill)
  - No. 9 Commando
  - No. 10 (Inter Allied) Commando
  - No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando
  - No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando (less detachments)^[4]
- 2nd Army Group Royal Artillery (under command)^[4]
  - 78th Field Regiment, RA
  - 69th, 74th and 140th Medium regiments, RA
  - 56th Heavy Regiment, RA
  - 146th Field Regiment, RA

U.S. II Corps (centre)

Major-General Geoffrey Keyes

U.S. 1st Armored Division (Major General Ernest N. Harmon)
- 1st Armored Infantry Regiment
  - 6th, 11th and 14th Armoured Infantry Battalions
- 1st Armored Regiment
  - 1st, 4th and 13th Tank Battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 27th, 68th and 91st Armored Field Artillery Batteries
  - 16th Engineer Battalion
  - 81st Reconnaissance Squadron
U.S. 34th Infantry Division (Major General Charles W. Ryder)
- 133rd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions (1st, 3rd, 100th)
- 135th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 168th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 125th, 151st and 175th Light Artillery Batteries
  - 185th Medium Artillery Battery
  - 109th Engineer Battalion
U.S. 36th Infantry Division (Major General Fred Walker)
- 141st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 142nd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- 143rd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 infantry battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 131st, 132nd and 133rd Light Artillery Batteries
  - 155th Medium Artillery Battery
  - 111th Engineer Battalion
1st Special Service Force (Brigadier-General Robert T. Frederick)
- 3 Regiments of two battalions. Each battalion two companies.^[5]
- 1 battery airborne artillery^[5]
1st Italian Motorised Group (Brigadier-General Vincenzo di Pino)
- 67th Infantry Regiment^[6]
- 51st Bersaglieri Battalion
- 11th Artillery Regiment
- 5th Anti-tank Regiment
- One engineer battalion

French Expeditionary Corps (right)

General Alphonse Juin

3rd Algerian Infantry Division (Major-General de Goislard de Monsabert)
- 3rd Algerian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 4th Tunisian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 7th Algerian Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 4th Group of Tabors
  - 3 tabors
- Divisional troops
  - 67th Algerian Artillery Regiment
  - 83rd Algerian Engineer Battalion
  - 3rd Algerian Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment
2nd Moroccan Infantry Division (Brigadier-General André W. Dody)
- 4th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 5th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 8th Moroccan Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 3rd Group of Tabors
  - 3 tabors
- Divisional troops
  - 63rd Algerian Artillery Regiment
  - 87th Algerian Engineer Battalion
  - 3rd Moroccan Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment

Army Reserve

U.S. 45th Infantry Division (Major General William W. Eagles)

Was sent to Anzio and took no part in the fighting at Cassino

German Army Group C

Commander:

Field Marshal Albert Kesselring

German Tenth Army

Commander: General (Generaloberst) Heinrich von Vietinghoff

XIV Panzer Corps

Lieutenant-General (General der Panzertruppe) Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin

5th Mountain Division (until 17 January^[7]) (Lieutenant General (General der Gebirgstruppe) Julius Ringel)
- 85th Mountain Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 100th Mountain Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 95th Reconnaissance battalion
  - 95th Mountain Artillery battalion
  - 95th Anti-tank battalion
  - 95th Mountain Engineer battalion
15th Panzer Grenadier Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Eberhard Rodt)
- 104th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 115th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 129th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 115th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 115th Panzer battalion
  - 33rd Artillery battalion
  - 33rd Anti-tank battalion
  - 115th Engineer battalion
44th Reichsgrenadier Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Friedrich Franek)
- 131st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 132nd Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 134th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 44th Fusilier battalion
  - 96th Artillery Regiment
  - 46th Anti-tank battalion
  - 96th Engineer battalion
94th Infantry Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Bernhard Steinmetz)
- 267th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 274th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 276th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 94th Fusilier battalion
  - 194th Artillery Regiment
  - 194th Anti-tank battalion
  - 94th Engineer battalion
71st Infantry Division (from 17 January)^[8] (Major General (Generalleutnant) Wilhelm Raapke)
- 191st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 194th Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 211st Infantry Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 171st Fusilier battalion
  - 171st Artillery Regiment
  - 171st Anti-tank battalion
  - 171st Engineer battalion
3rd Panzergrenadier Division (relieved 5th Mountain Division on 17 January^[7]) (Lieutenant General (General der Panzertruppen) Fritz-Hubert Gräser)
- 8th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions

Army Reserve

Fallschirm-Panzer-Division 1

German I Parachute Corps

Under Kesselring's direct command)^[9]^{[Note 1]}

Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm

29th Panzergrenadier Division
- 15th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 71st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 129th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 129th Panzer battalion
  - 29th Artillery Regiment
  - 29th Anti-tank battalion
  - 29th Engineer battalion
90th Panzergrenadier Division
- 155th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 200th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- 361st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
  - 3 battalions
- Divisional troops
  - 190th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
  - 190th Panzer battalion
  - 190th Artillery Regiment
  - 90th Anti-tank battalion
  - 90th Engineer battalion

Notes

Footnotes

↑ Both divisions were released to XIV Panzer Corps on 18 January^[7]

Citations

↑ Molony, p. 607.
↑ Molony, p. 607n
↑ Molony, p. 278n.
1 2 3 4 Molony, p. 608n.
1 2 Molony, p. 513.
↑ Molony, p. 519.
1 2 3 Ellis, p. 551.
↑ Ellis p. 550.
↑ Molony, p. 586.

Sources

Ellis, John (2003) [1984]. Cassino, The Hollow Victory: The Battle for Rome, January-June 1944. London: Arum Press. ISBN 1-85410-916-2.
Houterman, Hans; Koppes, Jeroen. "World War II unit histories and officers". Retrieved 2010-10-30.
Joslen, H. F. (2003) [1st Pub. HMSO 1960]. Orders of battle : Second World War, 1939-1945. Uckfield: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84342-474-6.
Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Davies, Major-General H.L. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) [1st. pub. HMSO:1973]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume V: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-069-6.
"Orders of Battle.com". Retrieved 2010-10-30.
Wendell, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle". Retrieved 2010-10-30.

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