Galactoside

A galactoside is a glycoside containing galactose. The H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by an organic moiety.

Depending on whether the glycosidic bond lies "above" or "below" the plane of the galactose molecule, galactosides are classified as α-galactosides or β-galactosides.

A β-galactoside is a type of galactoside in which the glycosidic bond lies above the plane of the galactose residue. The most commonly recognized and used β-galactoside in biochemistry is lactose. However, other chemicals, such as ONPG, are known, but these are typically synthesized for biochemical assays. An enzyme that breaks the β-galactoside bond is called a β-galactosidase.

Glycosides

Bond	O-glycosidic bond N-glycosidic bond S-glycosidic bond C-glycosidic bond

Geometry	α-Glycoside β-Glycoside 1,4-Glycoside 1,6-Glycoside

Glycone	Fructoside Galactoside Glucoside Glucuronide Rhamnoside Riboside

Aglycone	Alcoholic glycoside Cardiac glycoside Bufadienolide Cardenolide Cyanogenic glycoside Glycosylamine Phenolic glycoside Anthraquinone glycoside Coumarin glycoside Flavonoid glycoside Saponin Steviol glycoside Thioglycoside

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