Bishopsgate

For other uses, see Bishopsgate (disambiguation).

Ward of Bishopsgate
A circa 1650 print of the gate
Location within the City
Ward of Bishopsgate Ward of Bishopsgate shown within Greater London
OS grid reference	TQ330813
Sui generis	City of London
Administrative area	Greater London
Region	London
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	LONDON
Postcode district	EC2
Dialling code	020
Police	City of London
Fire	London
Ambulance	London
EU Parliament	London
UK Parliament	Cities of London and Westminster
London Assembly	City and East
List of places UK England London

Coordinates: 51°30′59″N 0°04′53″W / 51.5163°N 0.08145°W / 51.5163; -0.08145

Bishopsgate is one of the 25 wards of the City of London and also the name of a major road (part of the A10) between Gracechurch Street and Norton Folgate in the northeast corner of London's main financial district.^[1] Bishopsgate is named after one of the original eight gates in the London Wall. The site of this former gate is marked by a stone bishop's mitre, fixed high upon a building located at Bishopsgate's junction with Wormwood Street, by the gardens there and facing the Heron Tower.

Although tens of thousands of people commute to and work in the ward, it has a resident population of only 222 (2011).^[2]

Ward geography

The ward (which is large by City standards) is bounded by Worship Street to the north, where the edge of the City meets the boroughs of Islington and Hackney. It neighbours Portsoken ward and the borough of Tower Hamlets in the east. The western boundary is formed by Old Broad Street and Broad Street ward itself. Bishopsgate also bounds the wards of Aldgate (southeast), Coleman Street (west), Cornhill (southwest) and Lime Street (south). Bishopsgate ward straddles the (now former) line of the Wall and the old gate and is often (even today)^[3] divided into "Within" and "Without" parts, with a deputy (alderman) appointed for each part.

Since the 1994 (City) and 2003 (ward) boundary changes, almost all of the ward is Without; only a small area surrounding the Leathersellers' livery hall remains as Bishopsgate Within.^[4] The ward previously extended much further south, along the Bishopsgate road and Gracechurch Street to meet Langbourn ward, but in the 2003 changes much of the Within part was transferred to Cornhill and Lime Street. No changes to Bishopsgate's ward boundaries occurred in the 2013 boundary changes.^[4]

History

Originally Roman, the Bishop's Gate was rebuilt by the Hansa merchants in 1471 in exchange for Steelyard privileges. Its final form was erected in 1735 by the City authorities and demolished in 1760. This gate often displayed the heads of criminals on spikes. London Wall (which is no longer extant in this sector) divided the ward and road into an intramural portion called Bishopsgate Within and an extramural portion called Bishopsgate Without. The Bishopsgate thoroughfare forms part of the A10 and the section to the north of the site of the original Gate is the start of Roman Ermine Street, also known as the 'Old North Road'.

The parish church for the area of Bishopsgate Without is St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate. This is located just to the north of the original Gate on the west side of the road.

Bishopsgate Within was originally divided into many parishes each with its own parish church: St Andrew Undershaft, St Ethelburga Bishopsgate, St Martin Outwich, St Mary Axe and St Helen's Bishopsgate, now all amalgamated under the jurisdiction of the latter. St Helen's is a very historic medieval church and former monastic establishment with many ancient funerary monuments and a stained glass window depicting William Shakespeare — commemorating a very famous former parishioner who lived in the area in the early to mid 1590s.

Bishopsgate-Street Ward in 1720.

Bishopsgate was originally the location of many coaching inns which accommodated passengers setting out on the Old North Road. These, though they survived the Great Fire of London, have now all been demolished, though the modern White Hart pub, to the north of St Botolph's at the junction with Liverpool Street, is the successor of an inn of the same name. Others included the Dolphin, the Flower Pot, the Green Dragon, the Wrestlers, the Angel and the Black Bull. The latter was a venue for the Queen's Men theatrical troupe in the 16th century.

The name of an inn called the Catherine Wheel (demolished 1911) is commemorated by Catherine Wheel Alley which leads off Bishopsgate to the east. The 17th century facade of Sir Paul Pindar's House, demolished to make way for Liverpool Street railway station in 1890, on Bishopsgate was also preserved and can now be seen in the Victoria and Albert Museum. In the 18th century this grand residence became a tavern called Sir Paul Pindar's Head; another notable venue was the London Tavern (1768-1876). Also demolished (but then re-erected in Chelsea) was the old Crosby Hall, at one time the residence of Richard III and Thomas More.

Looking north from a pedestrian bridge across Bishopsgate in 2004.

Bishopsgate is also the site of Dirty Dick's (a pub over 200 years old), the Bishopsgate Institute, and many offices and skyscrapers.

On 24 April 1993 it was the site of an IRA truck bombing which killed journalist Ed Henty, injured over 40 people and caused £1 billion worth of damage,^[5] including the destruction of St Ethelburga's church and damage to the NatWest Tower and Liverpool Street station. Police had received a coded warning, but were still evacuating the area at the time of the explosion. The area had already suffered damage from the Baltic Exchange bombing one year prior.

The street is home to the main London offices of several major banks including the Royal Bank of Scotland and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Within the ward falls the Broadgate Estate.

Skyscrapers

Looking south from Norton Folgate down Bishopsgate.

The following are tall buildings and skyscrapers built, under construction or approved for Bishopsgate (the street), from north to south:

Politics

Bishopsgate is one of 25 wards in the City of London, each electing an Alderman, to the Court of Aldermen and Commoners (the City equivalent of a councillor) to the Court of Common Council of the City of London Corporation. Only electors who are Freemen of the City of London are eligible to stand.

Gallery

Bishopsgate and the extramural part of Bishopsgate Street, as shown on the "Copperplate" map of London of the 1550s
The bishop's mitre at Bishopsgate's junction with Wormwood Street
A former London Fire Brigade station on Bishopsgate (designed by Robert Pearsall), now a supermarket
The southernmost portion of Bishopsgate pictured in 1955, looking north toward the National Provincial Bank
Bas relief on the former National Provincial Bank
From the same building
Overview of another part of the building

References

↑ The City of London-a history Borer, M.I.C. : New York, D.McKay Co, 1978 ISBN 0-09-461880-1.
↑ http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=6499838&c=bishopsgate&d=14&e=61&g=6479546&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1366837745031&enc=1&dsFamilyId=2491
↑ Wardmote minutes 2010 – see page 9
1 2 City of London Corporation Ward boundary review 2010 (final recommendations) – see page 15
↑ De Baróid, Ciarán (2000). Ballymurphy And The Irish War. Pluto Press. p. 325. ISBN 0-7453-1509-7.

Ben Weinreb and Christopher Hibbert (1983) The London Encyclopedia.
Michael Wood (2003) In Search of Shakespeare. London: BBC Worldwide.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bishopsgate, London (street).

City of London

City of London Corporation Parks and open spaces

Wards	Aldersgate Aldgate Bassishaw Billingsgate Bishopsgate Bread Street Bridge Broad Street Candlewick Castle Baynard Cheap Coleman Street Cordwainer Cornhill Cripplegate Dowgate Farringdon Within Farringdon Without Langbourn Lime Street Portsoken Queenhithe Tower Vintry Walbrook

Enclaves	Inner Temple Middle Temple

Localities	Barbican Bishops Square Blackfriars Broadgate Farringdon Minories Smithfield Temple

Attractions	20 Fenchurch Street Bank of England Museum Barbican Centre Clockmakers' Museum College of Arms Dr Johnson's House Finsbury Circus Guildhall Art Gallery Leadenhall Market London Mithraeum London Stone Mansion House The Monument Museum of London One New Change Prince Henry's Room Royal Exchange St Paul's Cathedral Smithfield Market

Notable structures	2 King's Bench Walk 30 St Mary Axe Aldgate Pump Bank of England Bevis Marks Synagogue Golden Boy of Pye Corner Guildhall Heron Tower Holborn Circus Lloyd's building London Stock Exchange Merchant Taylors' Hall National Firefighters Memorial Old Bailey Old Billingsgate Market Tower 42

Civil parishes	List of civil parishes in the City of London

Bridges	Blackfriars Bridge Blackfriars Railway Bridge Cannon Street Railway Bridge Holborn Viaduct London Bridge Millennium Footbridge Southwark Bridge

Rail and tube stations	Aldgate Bank–Monument Barbican Blackfriars Cannon Street City Thameslink Fenchurch Street Liverpool Street Mansion House Moorgate St. Paul's Tower Hill (in LB of Tower Hamlets) Tower Gateway

Topics	Coat of arms Flag History Listed buildings Grade I Grade II* Livery companies Lord Lieutenants Lord Mayors Lord Mayor's Show Public art and memorials Sheriffs

Category Commons

Gates and bars of the City of London

	Former gates of London Wall and City bars Listed clockwise from the West Temple Bar Ludgate† Holborn Bar Newgate† Aldersgate† Cripplegate† Moorgate Bishopsgate† Bars Aldgate† (Tower) Posterngate Water-gates: Billingsgate and Dowgate Bridge-gates: Great Stone Gateway and New Stone Gate †The six Roman gates

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