Brecksville, Ohio

Brecksville, Ohio
City

Historic house in Brecksville

Location in Cuyahoga County and the state of Ohio.
[[File:Ohio in United States (US48).svg|250px|Location of Ohio in the United States]]
Location of Ohio in the United States
Coordinates: 41°18′36″N 81°37′44″W / 41.31000°N 81.62889°W / 41.31000; -81.62889Coordinates: 41°18′36″N 81°37′44″W / 41.31000°N 81.62889°W / 41.31000; -81.62889
Country United States
State Ohio
County Cuyahoga
Government
 • Mayor Jerry N. Hruby (R)[1]
Area[2]
 • Total 19.68 sq mi (50.97 km2)
 • Land 19.57 sq mi (50.69 km2)
 • Water 0.11 sq mi (0.28 km2)
Elevation[3] 889 ft (271 m)
Population (2010)[4]
 • Total 13,656
 • Estimate (2012[5]) 13,536
 • Density 697.8/sq mi (269.4/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 44141
Area code(s) 440
FIPS code 39-08364[6]
GNIS feature ID 1064483[3]
Website http://www.brecksville.oh.us/

Brecksville is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, and is an affluent suburb of Cleveland in the Northeast Ohio Region, the 15th largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States. The population was 13,656 at the 2010 census. Brecksville is consistently listed as one of the best communities to live in Greater Cleveland, the state of Ohio, and the United States.[7][8] Brecksville's nationally ranked schools, safe neighborhoods, civic amenities, proximity to nature, educated population, affordable housing, and closeness to big city attractions underscores its desirability.

History

Brecksville was founded in the lands of the Western Reserve in 1811, four years after several men — including Colonel John Breck — purchased the surrounding area. After the land was surveyed, Seth Payne, one of the surveyors, brought his family and settled in the area in June 1811, and he was soon followed by many other families. Although Colonel Breck never lived in Brecksville, his three sons did, and members of his family continued to live in Brecksville until 1934, when his great-grandson Dr. Theodore Breck died. A comprehensive early historical account of Brecksville was written by William R. Coates and published by The American Historical Society in 1924.[9]

Brecksville was incorporated as a village in 1921, and it gained the status of city in 1960.[10]

Geography

Brecksville is located at 41°18′36″N 81°37′44″W / 41.31000°N 81.62889°W / 41.31000; -81.62889 (41.309904, -81.628894).[11]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.68 square miles (50.97 km2), of which 19.57 square miles (50.69 km2) is land and 0.11 square miles (0.28 km2) is water.[2] Brecksville's eastern border is traversed by the Cuyahoga River and borders Sagamore Hills Township and Boston Township, southern border Richfield Township (all three townships in Summit County), western border Broadview Heights and northern border Independence.

Parks and recreation

Brecksville is defined by its scenic wooded bluffs and ravines which are a result of the geological confluence of the Glaciated Allegheny Plateau and the Great Lakes Basin. As a result, every Brecksville resident is close to natural beauty. Many neighborhoods are located next to the Brecksville Reservation[12] of the Cleveland Metroparks and the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, one of the most visited National Parks in the country.[13][14] The Brecksville Reservation consists of 2,500 acres, thus making Brecksville unique among Cuyahoga County communities with one-third of the city being parkland.

The Brecksville Reservation provides facilities for picnicking, softball, horseback riding, hiking, and cross-country skiing. A paved all-purpose fitness trail offers walking, biking, running or strolling through the beautiful scenery. Sleepy Hollow, Ohio's #1 rated municipal golf course per Golfweek Magazine,[15] and Seneca golf courses are located within the Reservation.[16] Additionally, Boston Mills and Brandywine ski resorts are close by.

Along with the Cleveland Metroparks and Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Brecksville offers a Human Resources and Community Center[17] with a wide array of amenities. For a small annual membership fee, Brecksville residents enjoy the 98,000 square foot facility which offers a Field House, Fitness Center and Studios, Natatorium, Community Rooms, Child Care Facility, and Game Room. The field house is 10,650 square feet and features wood flooring basketball and volleyball courts, and has a stage and elevated in-door track.[18]

Demographics

As of July 1, 2015, the per capita income for a household in the city was $126,033 and the per capita income for an average family of three was $151,239. The median household income is $97,013 and the average household income is $127,229.[19] Of the city's population over the age of 25, 78% hold an associate degree or higher, 51% hold a bachelor's degree or higher, and 23% hold a Graduate Degree.[20]

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1880116—
19301,308—
19401,90045.3%
19502,66540.3%
19605,435103.9%
19709,13768.1%
198010,13210.9%
199011,81816.6%
200013,38213.2%
201013,6562.0%
Est. 201413,469[21]−1.4%
Sources:[6][22][23][24][25]

2010 census

As of the census[4] of 2010, there were 13,656 people, 5,349 households, and 3,883 families residing in the city. The population density was 697.8 inhabitants per square mile (269.4/km2). There were 5,623 housing units at an average density of 287.3 per square mile (110.9/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.3% White, 1.7% African American, 0.1% Native American, 3.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.

There were 5,349 households of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.9% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.4% were non-families. 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.00.

The median age in the city was 47.4 years. 22.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.1% were from 25 to 44; 36.2% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.9% male and 50.1% female.

2000 census

As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 13,382 people, 5,033 households, and 3,754 families residing in the city. The population density was 682.4 people per square mile (263.5/km²). There were 5,206 housing units at an average density of 265.5 per square mile (102.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.91% White, 1.85% African American, 0.03% Native American, 2.56% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 0.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of the population.

There were 5,033 households out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.2% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city the population was spread out with 23.9% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $88,358, and the median income for a family was $104,347. Males had a median income of $65,382 versus $39,912 for females. The per capita income for the city was $37,838. About 1.8% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.8% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Brecksville Parks

Transportation

Highways

Brecksville is located near or on a number of highways that provide access to neighboring communities. Its major thoroughfares are State Route 21 (Brecksville Road) north and south, and State Route 82 (Royalton Road west of SR 21, Chippewa Road east of SR 21). I-77 provides Brecksville with direct access to Cleveland and Akron and as far south as Columbia, South Carolina. Brecksville accesses I-80 (the Ohio Turnpike) at the Richfield I-77 Interchange thereby connecting Greater Cleveland to New York City and San Francisco, California.

Mass transit systems

The Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority and Akron Metro RTA[26] buslines converge in Brecksville at the decommissioned VA Medical Center off Brecksville Road. This provides easy access to either Cleveland or Akron and outlying areas without having to drive.

Airports and rail service

Ohio's largest airport, Cleveland Hopkins International Airport is located about fifteen miles from Brecksville. Additionally, Brecksville is 38 miles from Akron-Canton Airport via I-77. Amtrak cross-country rail service is available in downtown Cleveland.

Economy

Brecksville has a solid, diversified economy. Brecksville is a financial center with branches of major regional banks, real estate firms, and national financial asset management companies. Additionally, such notable companies as Berkshire Hathaway's Lubrizol Corporation, Duck Creek Energy, Inc., Med Data, Inc., Truenorth Energy, Applied Medical Technology, Inc., The Ahola Corporation, Clinical Technology, Inc., NEC Corporation, Curtiss-Wright Corporation, PNC Financial Services, and AT&T are either headquartered or have sizable operations in the city. The Cleveland Clinic maintains its state of the art, architectural award winning, Data Center in Brecksville.[27][28]

Brecksville is also the center of a burgeoning art and culinary scene with a number of locally owned galleries, restaurants and wine bars.[29]

Education

Public schools

Brecksville shares a school system with its neighboring city, Broadview Heights. There are three elementary schools (Hilton Elementary, Highland Drive Elementary, Chippewa Elementary) within Brecksville proper, and an intermediate school (Central School), a junior high school, and a high school in the system. The school district's motto is: "where fine education is a heritage".[30]

Academic rankings

The Brecksville school system has received various awards for excellence in education.

PARCC tests, conducted in 2015 using the new Common Core standards, ranked Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School as the 12th best public high school in the entire state of Ohio.[31]

In Ohio's 2015 State report cards, Brecksville's three elementary schools received top rankings. Chippewa Elementary ranked 7th in the state, Hilton Elementary ranked 19th, and Highland Drive Elementary ranked significantly above average as well.[32]

In 2015, The Washington Post published the list of America's most challenging high schools. The analysis covered approximately 22,000 U.S. public high schools. The rankings were determined by taking the total number of Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate and Advanced International Certificate of Education tests given at a school each year and divide by the number of seniors who graduated. Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School ranked in the top 4 percent of all high schools in this assessment.[33]

Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School has consistently been ranked by U.S. News & World Report magazine as being in the top 5 percent of all high schools in the United States.[34][34] Additionally, Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School was recognized in Newsweek magazine's 2013 list of the top 2000 public high schools in the United States.[35]

In 2008, the U.S. Department of Education recognized Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School as an NCLB Blue Ribbon School.[36] Chippewa and Hilton Elementary Schools have been awarded the "School of Distinction" honor by Ohio's State Superintendent of Schools.[37] Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School was a past nominee, by the Ohio Department of Education, for the prestigious Blue Ribbon School Award.[37]

Because of its high academic standards, Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School students are represented in the National Merit Scholars and the U.S. Presidential Scholars Program.[38][39]

Sport championships

Along with academic excellence, Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School's sports program competes at the state championship level. In 2016, the girl's gymnastic team won its thirteenth consecutive state title and sixteenth overall.[40] The boy's wrestling team won the 2015 state championship.[41] The basketball, football, soccer, cross-country, and swimming/diving programs vie for regional and state titles as well.[42]

Art and writing awards

Brecksville-Broadview Heights middle and high school art students consistently receive regional awards through the Annual Scholastic Art & Writing Awards competition. These awards are a testament to the tradition of a strong arts and writing program backed by consistent community support in Brecksville and Broadview Heights. Students are awarded Gold Keys and have their artwork judged on the national level in New York.[43]

Music achievements

Rounding out Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School's achievements, the BBHHS Orchestra[44] provides Chamber, Concert, and String music performances throughout the year. The BBHHS Orchestra recently received an Excellent (II) rating by the Ohio Music Education Association(OMEA).[45]

Private schools

South Suburban Montessori School, located in Brecksville’s Blossom Hill Complex, provides a Montessori education to children between 18 months and 14 years of age.[46]

Colleges

Stautzenberger College has a campus in Brecksville. Associate degrees and Board certifications are offered in:[47]

Cuyahoga Community College affiliate Cuyahoga Valley Career Center - School of Nursing[48] offers full and part-time degree programs.

Healthcare

Cleveland's MetroHealth System is building a $20 million outpatient center-emergency room in Brecksville at the intersection of Ohio Route 82 and Interstate 77.[49] The center is scheduled to open in 2016.

Brecksville has a branch of Akron Children's Hospital, staffed with board-certified pediatricians, that offers neurological and pediatric primary care for babies, children and teens.[50]

The world-renowned Cleveland Clinic and University Hospitals supplement health care provided by nearby community hospitals and immediate care centers. Marymount and Parma Community General Hospitals serve as emergency care facilities for Brecksville residents and visitors who require use of Brecksville's Fire Department's ambulances and staff of professional paramedics and EMTs. The Greater Cleveland area is known worldwide for excellence in health care.[51]

Civic awards

In 2015, Brecksville was named Ohio's third safest city in its population size category.[52] The study conducted by ValuePenguin[53] focused on recent FBI statistics. Neighboring Broadview Heights was ranked the second safest city in the same population size category underscoring the area's low crime rate.

In 2014, Brecksville was named by Family Circle magazine as one of the top ten U.S. towns to raise families.[54] The magazine stated that Brecksville has top-rated schools and plenty of green space—including Cuyahoga Valley National Park—for a family-friendly setting. It noted the schools emphasize achievement as well as giving back to the community. Such factors as affordable homes, quality schools, access to healthcare, green space, low crime rate and financial stability were considered as the basis for this award.

Brecksville's Chippewa Garden Club was formed in 1949; To share a love for gardening, to study the fine art of flower design, to aid in the protection of native plants and wildlife, and to encourage civic betterment. The club is a perennial award winner from the Garden Clubs of Ohio. Recent awards include:

Brecksville won the 2003 “America in Bloom” award and was the 2003 national winner of the “Proven Winners Landscaped Areas Award.” The city’s Beautification Committee was created under the direction of Mayor Hruby and is an integral part of the volunteerism that oversees the design of city plantings and beautification and decorations throughout the community. Brecksville has won 21 Tree City Year Awards.[57]

Local theater and the arts

Brecksville Little Theatre was started in 1941 and incorporated as a non-profit community organization in 1949 under charter by the State of Ohio. Performances have been continually held in the Old Town Hall, a registered historic landmark. Brecksville Little Theatre has had numerous talented performers go on to successful theatrical careers. In 1951, the comedy “Here Today”[58] was directed by nearby Shaker Heights native Paul Newman, who later reached the top of the entertainment world.[59] In its commitment to the community, Brecksville Little Theatre develops local talent by providing two scholarship awards, The Jack Hruby Humanities Award and the Schoenfelt Dramatics Award, to deserving high school seniors in the arts and humanities.[60][61]

Brecksville Theater on the Square, founded in 1975, has developed into a well established theater of the performing arts, not only providing the community with family theater, but with a wide variety of drama classes and programs offered to students, pre-school through adults. Outreach programs, scholarship offerings and increased community involvement have made BTOTS an innovative local theater company.[62]

The Brecksville Center for the Arts is a non-profit, multidisciplinary art center dedicated to the education, inspiration, encouragement, and support of artists and art enthusiasts of all ages and abilities. Residents of Brecksville and surrounding communities are welcomed in discovering, exploring, enhancing, and promoting art of all types through affordable instruction, student scholarships, community collaborations, and special events.[63]

Regional sports and cultural attractions

Abundant entertainment is just a short distance away for residents of Brecksville. In downtown Cleveland, the Cleveland Browns, of the National Football League, play at FirstEnergy Stadium (Cleveland). Progressive Field is the home of Major League Baseball's Cleveland Indians. The Cleveland Cavaliers, of the National Basketball Association, play at Quicken Loans Arena which is also a venue for concerts by major recording artists, the circus, ice shows, and a variety of other professional attractions. Cleveland State University's Wolstein Center is home to the Cleveland State University Vikings basketball team and is a venue for even more concerts and shows.

The world-famous Cleveland Orchestra performs at Severance Hall, an Art Deco architectural gem located in nearby University Circle. In the summer, a trip to the verdant setting of Blossom Music Center is a musical must. Just a short drive from Brecksville through the Cuyahoga Valley National Park, Blossom is the summer home of the Cleveland Orchestra and a venue for the biggest music stars touring the planet. Cleveland's renowned Playhouse Square Theater District, consisting of five architecturally significant theaters along with The Cleveland Playhouse foundation, showcases regionally produced theater and the best of Broadway touring companies.[64]

The Cleveland Museum of Art, the Rock n' Roll Hall of Fame Museum, the Great Lakes Science Center, the Greater Cleveland Aquarium, the Museum of Contemporary Art Cleveland, the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, and the Cleveland Metroparks Zoo are major world class attractions conveniently located nearby.

Additionally, there are unique nightlife and dining destinations within a short driving distance from Brecksville including; Cleveland's Warehouse, Ohio City, Cleveland, and Tremont, Cleveland neighborhoods, downtown's East 4th Street District (Cleveland), and "The Flats" along the Cuyahoga River.

Shopping

To maintain Brecksville's nature preserve setting, residents have rejected the big box store and shopping mall concept for smaller, locally owned boutiques and shops.[65] With direct access to Interstate 77 and Ohio State Route 82, Brecksville is within a short drive of world class shopping including Beachwood Place and Eaton Chagrin Boulevard Shops as well as lifestyle centers; Legacy Village and Crocker Park, and regional malls; Summit Mall and SouthPark Mall (Strongsville, Ohio).

Emergency sirens

Brecksville agreed to a Civil Defense Siren system with other cities in Cuyahoga County. The city has 4 sirens from American Signal Corporation and Whelen Engineering Company.

Officials

Jerry N. Hruby was elected to his eighth term as mayor of Brecksville which began on January 2, 2016. Mayor Hruby also serves as the city's Safety Director. In 2011 the Governor of Ohio appointed Hruby to the Ohio Turnpike Commission. He currently is serving as chairman of the commission.[66][67]

Notable people

Surrounding communities

 Independence
Broadview Heights Sagamore Hills Township, Boston Township
   Brecksville  
Richfield Township

See also

References

  1. ↑ Exner, Rich (16 November 2013). "Democrats outnumber Republicans as mayors in Cuyahoga County, 39-14". Cleveland.com. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  2. 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
  3. 1 2 "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  4. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
  5. ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
  6. 1 2 3 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  7. ↑ http://www.movoto.com/guide/cleveland-oh/cleveland-suburbs-best/
  8. ↑ http://www.nerdwallet.com/blog/mortgages/best-towns-ohio-young-families/
  9. ↑ http://history.rays-place.com/oh/cuyahoga/brecksville.htm
  10. ↑ http://www.brecksville.oh.us/home/history.html
  11. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  12. ↑ http://www.clevelandmetroparks.com/Main/Brecksville-Reservation-Hiking-and-Walking.aspx
  13. ↑ http://gadling.com/2013/04/04/national-park-service-releases-2012-attendance-numbers/
  14. ↑ http://experience.usatoday.com/america/story/national-parks/2015/04/23/50-most-visited-national-parks-usa/26261519/
  15. ↑ http://www.clevelandmetroparks.com/Main/Sleepy-Hollow.aspx
  16. ↑ http://www.clevelandmetroparks.com/Main/Reservations-Partners/Brecksville-Reservation-4.aspx
  17. ↑ http://www.brecksville.oh.us/RECREATION/GENERAL_INFO/general_pdfs/BCCGuide.pdf
  18. ↑ http://www.brecksville.oh.us/About/Brecksville-History
  19. ↑ http://ohio.hometownlocator.com/oh/cuyahoga/brecksville.cfm
  20. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2015/01/beachwood_ohio_demographics_ot_1.html#incart_river
  21. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Population: Ohio" (PDF). 1930 US Census. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  23. ↑ "Number of Inhabitants: Ohio" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  24. ↑ "Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  25. ↑ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
  26. ↑ http://www.akronmetro.org/
  27. ↑ http://www.gensler.com/projects/cleveland-clinic-data-center
  28. ↑ http://www.syska.com/expertise/markets/project.asp?idProject=337
  29. ↑ http://www.brecksvillechamber.com/
  30. ↑ http://www.bbhcsd.org/hs/school-profile/
  31. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2016/02/solon_beachwood_top_the_state_in_scores_on_new_state_report_cards_-_see_rankings_here.html
  32. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2016/03/who_had_the_best_elementary_sc.html#incart_m-rpt-1
  33. ↑ http://apps.washingtonpost.com/local/highschoolchallenge/schools/2015/list/national/
  34. 1 2 http://www.usnews.com/education/best-high-schools/ohio/rankings?schooltypepublic=y&int=c0b4c1&schooltypemagnet=y&state=OH&schooltypecharter=y&page=2
  35. ↑ http://www.newsweek.com/2013/05/06/america-s-best-high-schools.html
  36. ↑ http://www.bbhcsd.org/hs/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2013/09/2013-2014-School-Profile.pdf
  37. 1 2 BBHCSD - District News
  38. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/chagrin-valley/index.ssf/2015/02/post_22.html#incart_river
  39. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/metro/index.ssf/2015/05/2015_national_merit_scholarshi_1.html#incart_river
  40. ↑ http://highschoolsports.cleveland.com/news/article/-7739381486326379540/brecksville-gymnastics-wins-its-13th-straight-state-title-local-teams-take-top-five-spots/
  41. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/broadview-heights/index.ssf/2015/02/bbhhs_wrestling_champs_coach_o.html#incart_river
  42. ↑ Brecksville-Broadview Heights High School
  43. ↑ http://www.bbhcsd.org/hs/2015/02/19/art-students-excel-at-scholastics/
  44. ↑ http://www.bbhhsorchestra.com/
  45. ↑ http://www.omea-ohio.org/
  46. ↑ http://www.ssmsmontessori.net/
  47. ↑ http://www.learnwhatyoulove.com/why-stautzenberger-college/accreditations-certifications.html
  48. ↑ http://www.cvccworks.edu/Nursing.aspx
  49. ↑ http://www.metrohealth.org/brecksville
  50. ↑ https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms/fad_locations/brecksville_pediatrics/index.html
  51. ↑ http://www.brecksville.oh.us/About/Brecksville-History
  52. ↑ http://www.valuepenguin.com/2015/01/2015-safest-cities-ohio-study
  53. ↑ http://www.valuepenguin.com/about
  54. ↑ http://www.familycircle.com/family-fun/travel/best-towns-for-families-2014/
  55. ↑ http://www.gardenclubofohio.org/2014-gco-awards/
  56. ↑ http://www.gardenclubofohio.org/2013-awards/
  57. ↑ http://www.mayorhruby.com/about.html
  58. ↑ http://www.playbillvault.com/Show/Detail/4451/Here-Today
  59. ↑ http://www.brecksvillelittletheatre.org/History.html
  60. ↑ http://www.brecksvillelittletheatre.org/
  61. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/strongsville/index.ssf/2016/03/brecksville_little_theatre_cel.html#incart_river_index
  62. ↑ http://www.btots.org/
  63. ↑ http://brecksvillearts.com/
  64. ↑ http://www.brecksville.oh.us/About/Brecksville-History
  65. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/brecksville/index.ssf/2014/02/brecksville_mayor_holds_previe_1.html
  66. ↑ http://www.mayorhruby.com/about.html
  67. ↑ http://www.ohioturnpike.org/about-us/commission-staff
  68. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=LOKqjfwekq0C&pg=PA122&lpg=PA122&dq=Theodore+Breck,+who+served+in+the+State+Senate&source=bl&ots=pE5FjrCPO4&sig=cxOzaDrtb0A8Se8GlrL80faZwvY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UPYnVdi3NIuluQSVsICoBA&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Theodore%20Breck%2C%20who%20served%20in%20the%20State%20Senate&f=false
  69. ↑ http://history.rays-place.com/oh/cuyahoga/brecksville.htm
  70. ↑ http://history.rays-place.com/oh/cuyahoga/brecksville.htm
  71. ↑ http://www.scriptype.com/uploaded/docs/5499c908c018d_M0115.pdf
  72. ↑ http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2014/11/president_obama_awards_charles.html
  73. ↑ http://www.onlinebiographies.info/oh/cuya/stockwell-jn.htm
  74. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=IT1NVT1vEwUC&pg=PA444&lpg=PA444&dq=Dr.+John+N.+Stockwell&source=bl&ots=ZltHiVit2k&sig=c4X_NoGIMx04uQEE0zX2LB3stKc&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_phHVf_rHou2uATq0YGICQ&ved=0CFAQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Dr.%20John%20N.%20Stockwell&f=false
  75. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=w5U6AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA651&lpg=PA651&dq=John+Wilcox+-+Editor+of+The+Cleveland+Press&source=bl&ots=JPk_O4CoKr&sig=MNLjyix8UwBFnuKyqslrZZ60uSs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=ivQnVcuqOoHUsAWSg4SgBw&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=John%20Wilcox%20-%20Editor%20of%20The%20Cleveland%20Press&f=false

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