Brixton (UK Parliament constituency)

Brixton
Former Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
County Greater London
1885–1974 (1974)
Number of members One
Replaced by Lambeth Central
Created from Lambeth

Brixton was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Brixton district of South London. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first-past-the-post system.

History

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished for the February 1974 general election, when it was largely replaced by the new Lambeth Central constituency.

Boundaries

1885–1918

Brixton in London 1885-1918

The constituency was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, when the existing two-member Parliamentary Borough of Lambeth was divided into four single-member divisions.[1][2] The seat, formally known as Lambeth, Brixton Division, comprised part of the civil parish of Lambeth, and was defined in terms of the wards used for elections to the parish vestry under the Metropolis Management Act 1855 as follows:

1918–1950

Brixton in London 1918-50

The Representation of the People Act 1918 redrew constituencies throughout Great Britain. In London, the seats were redefined in terms of the wards of the Metropolitan Boroughs of the County of London, which had been created in 1900. Accordingly, the constituency was defined as consisting of the following areas of the Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth:

1950–1974

Brixton in London 1950-74

The final boundary change was made by the Representation of the People Act 1948, and came into effect at the 1950 general election. The 1948 Act introduced the term "borough constituency". Due to a population decrease in Lambeth, the number of constituencies in the borough was reduced from four to three. The new Lambeth Brixton Borough Constituency was defined as consisting of four wards of the metropolitan borough as they existed at the end of 1947:

Local government was completely reorganised in Greater London in 1965, and the metropolitan borough was abolished to be replaced by the larger London Borough of Lambeth. However these changes were not reflected in parliamentary boundaries until the general election of 1974. The Brixton constituency was largely replaced by the new seat of Lambeth Central[2]

Members of Parliament

ElectionMemberParty
1885 Ernest Baggallay Conservative
1887 by-election George Osborne, Marquess of Carmarthen, later Duke of Leeds Conservative
1896 by-election Evelyn Hubbard Conservative
1900 by-election Sir Robert Mowbray Conservative
1906 Joel Herbert Seaverns Liberal
1910 Davison Alexander Dalziel, later Baron Dalziel Conservative
1923 Frederick Joseph Laverack Liberal
1924 Davison Alexander Dalziel, later Baron Dalziel Unionist
1927 by-election Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman Conservative
1945 Marcus Lipton Labour
Feb 1974 constituency abolished: see Lambeth Central

Elections

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1885: Brixton [5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Ernest Baggallay 3,427 55.4 n/a
Liberal William Blake Odgers 2,762 44.6 n/a
Majority 665 10.8 n/a
Turnout 7,963 77.7 n/a
Conservative win (new seat)
General Election 1886: Brixton [6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Ernest Baggallay 3,300 63.6
Liberal Montagu Hughes Cookson 1,886 36.4
Majority 1,414 27.2
Turnout 7,963 65.1
Conservative hold Swing +8.2
Brixton by-election, 1887
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marquess of Carmarthen 3,307 56.3
Liberal James Hill 2,569 43.7
Majority 738 12.6
Turnout 8,455 69.5
Conservative hold Swing -7.3

Elections in the 1890s

Richard Stapley
General Election 1892: Brixton [7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marquess of Carmarthen 4,061 55.9
Liberal Richard Stapley 3,204 44.1
Majority 857 11.8
Turnout 9,789 74.2
Conservative hold Swing -0.4
General Election 1895: Brixton [8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Marquess of Carmarthen 4,198 65.6
Liberal Sir Robert Garnett Head 2,199 34.4
Majority 1,999 31.2
Turnout 10,253 62.4
Conservative hold Swing +9.7
Brixton by-election, 1896
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Evelyn Hubbard 4,493 67.8
Liberal E.W. Nunn 2,131 32.2
Majority 2,362 35.6
Turnout 10,327 64.1
Conservative hold Swing +2.2

Elections in the 1900s

Brixton by-election, 1900
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Sir Robert Gray Cornish Mowbray unopposed
Turnout 10,666 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1900: Brixton [9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Sir Robert Gray Cornish Mowbray unopposed
Turnout 10,666 N/A
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General Election 1906: Brixton [10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Joel Herbert Seaverns 4,521 51.6
Conservative Davison Alexander Dalziel 4,235 48.4
Majority 286 3.2
Turnout 11,010 79.5
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General Election January 1910: Brixton [11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Davison Alexander Dalziel 5,465 55.2
Liberal Joel Herbert Seaverns 4,427 44.8
Majority 1,038 10.4
Turnout
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +3.6
General Election December 1910: Brixton [12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Davison Alexander Dalziel 4,770 56.3
Liberal Joel Herbert Seaverns 3,702 43.7
Majority 1,068 12.6
Turnout
Conservative hold Swing +1.1

General Election 1914/15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

General Election 1918: Brixton[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist 9,902 61.3
NFDDSS Stephen Kelley 3,641 22.6
Liberal Horace Norton 2,594 16.1
Majority 6,261 38.7
Turnout 37,745 42.8
Unionist hold Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1922: Brixton[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Sir Davison Alexander Dalziel 11,284 54.8
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 9,316 45.2
Majority 1,968 9.6
Turnout 39,004 52.8
Unionist hold Swing
General Election 1923: Brixton[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 10,881 53.5 +8.3
Unionist Sir Davison Alexander Dalziel 9,476 46.5 -8.3
Majority 1,405 7.0 16.6
Turnout 39,189 51.9 -0.9
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +8.3
General Election 1924: Brixton[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Sir Davison Alexander Dalziel 15,755 56.6
Labour James Adams 7,210 25.9
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 4,871 17.5
Majority 8,545 30.7
Turnout 40,134 69.4
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +18.9
Brixton by-election, 1927
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman 10,358 48.1
Labour James Adams 6,032 28.0
Liberal Frederick Joseph Laverack 5,134 23.9
Majority 4,326 20.1
Turnout 39,953 53.9
Unionist hold Swing -5.3
General Election 1929: Brixton[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Unionist Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman 14,252 44.9
Labour A.B. Bishop 10,089 31.7
Liberal Arthur S. Quick 7,438 23.4
Majority 4,163 13.2
Turnout 50,956 62.4
Unionist hold Swing -3.5

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1931: Brixton[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman 24,673 77.0
Labour Edward Albert Radice 7,358 23.0
Majority 17,315 54.0
Turnout 52,569 60.9
Conservative hold Swing +20.4
General Election 1935: Brixton[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman 17,414 67.6
Labour Marcus Lipton 10,908 36.1
Liberal Arthur S. Quick 1,911 6.3
Majority 6,506 21.5
Turnout 51,713 58.5
Conservative hold Swing -11.3

General Election 1939/40

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Brixton[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 15,583 63.6
Conservative Nigel Claudian Dalziel Colman 8,928 36.4
Majority 6,655 27.2
Turnout 37,493 65.4
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +29.4

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1950: Brixton[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 24,015 52.8
Conservative Anthony Herbert Foord 18,957 41.7
Liberal Enid Lakeman 2,527 5.5
Majority 5,058 11.1
Turnout 56,082 81.1
Labour hold Swing -8.1
General Election 1951: Brixton[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 24,776 56.1
Conservative Patricia M. Marlowe 19,423 43.9
Majority 5,353 12.2
Turnout 55,362 79.8
Labour hold Swing +0.6
General Election 1955: Brixton[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 20,594 57.0
Conservative William Lloyd Roots 15,559 43.0
Majority 5,035 14.0
Turnout 53,045 68.2
Labour hold Swing +0.9
General Election 1959: Brixton[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 18,117 53.1
Conservative Brian Warren 16,005 46.9
Majority 2,112 6.2
Turnout 52,261 65.3
Labour hold Swing -3.9

Elections in the 1960s

General Election 1964: Brixton[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 16,518 58.1
Conservative Kenneth P. Payne 11,934 41.9
Majority 4,584 16.2
Turnout 49,903 57.0
Labour hold Swing +5.0
General Election 1966: Brixton[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 16,634 61.3
Conservative Piers John Shirley Dixon 10,500 38.7
Majority 6,134 22.6
Turnout 47,615 57.0
Labour hold Swing +3.2

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1970: Brixton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labour Marcus Lipton 13,053 57.3
Conservative James W. Harkess 9,727 42.7
Majority 3,326 14.6
Turnout 43,372 52.5
Labour hold Swing -4.0

References

  1. 1 2 Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, (48 & 49 Vict.) C 23, Sixth Schedule: Divisions of Boroughs. Number, Names, Contents and Boundaries of Divisions.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Youngs, Frederic A, Jr. (1979). Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.I: Southern England. London: Royal Historical Society. pp. 743, 764. ISBN 0-901050-67-9.
  3. ↑ Representation of the People Act 1918, Ninth Schedule, Redistribution of Seats, Part I: Parliamentary Boroughs (I) London
  4. ↑ Representation of the People Act 1948 (11 & 12 Geo. 6.) C. 65, First Schedule, Parliamentary Constituencies.
  5. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  6. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  7. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  8. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  9. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  10. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  11. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  12. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results, 1885-1918 FWS Craig
  13. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  14. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  15. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  16. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  17. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  18. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  19. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  20. ↑ Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
  21. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
  22. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  23. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  24. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  25. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  26. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  27. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
  28. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1950-1973, FWS Craig
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