C9 League

C9 League
Simplified Chinese	九校联盟
Traditional Chinese	九校聯盟
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Jiǔxiào Liánméng Wade–Giles Chiu-hsiao Lien-meng Yue: Cantonese Jyutping Gau2 gaau3 Lyun4 mang4 Yale Romanization Jyou3 syau4 Lyan2 meng2

The C9 League is an alliance of nine elite universities in mainland China, analogous to the Ivy League Universities in the United States, the U15 in Canada, the Russell Group in the UK, and the Go8 in Australia. The members of the C9 League are Fudan University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nanjing University, Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Tsinghua University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Zhejiang University.^[1] Together they account for 3% of the country's researchers but receive 10% of national research expenditures. They produce 20% of the academic publications and 30% of total citations.^[2]

Members

Foundation

University	Year Founded	Authorities	Location
Fudan University	1905	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Shanghai
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT)	1920	Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)	Harbin, Heilongjiang; Weihai, Shandong; Shenzhen, Guangdong
Nanjing University	1902	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Nanjing, Jiangsu
Peking University	1898	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Beijing
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)	1896	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Shanghai
Tsinghua University	1911	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Beijing
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)	1958	Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)	Hefei, Anhui
Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU)	1896	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Xi'an, Shaanxi
Zhejiang University	1897	Ministry of Education (MOE)	Hangzhou, Zhejiang

Location

• Peking University and Tsinghua University are in Beijing, the capital and a municipality of China.
• Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University are in Shanghai, an economic center and a municipality of China.
• Nanjing University is in Nanjing of Jiangsu province. University of Science and Technology of China is in Hefei of Anhui province. Zhejiang University is in Hangzhou of Zhejiang province. These five universities (including Fudan and SJTU) are in the greater Yangtze River Delta region.
• Xi'an Jiaotong University is in Xi'an of Shaanxi province, a key city in West China.
• Harbin Institute of Technology consists of three campuses: Harbin campus in Heilongjiang province in Northeast China, Weihai campus in Shandong province in eastern coastal region of East China, and Shenzhen campus in Guangdong province in South Central China.

Rankings

University	ARWU World (2015)[3]	QS World (2015/16)[4]	THE World (2015/16)[5]	CWTS Leiden (2015)[6]
Fudan University	151-200	51	201-250	389
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT)	201-300	291	501-600	447
Nanjing University	201-300	130	251-300	438
Peking University	101-150	41	42	379
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU)	101-150	70	301-350	514
Tsinghua University	101-150	25	47	250
University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)	151-200	113	201-250	569
Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU)	201-300	328	501-600	602
Zhejiang University	101-150	110	251-300	456

History

The C9 League was established by the Chinese central government on May 4, 1998 with the goal of advancing the Chinese higher education system. The establishment of the C9 League was a part of the Chinese central government's Project 985. In the first phase, the nine universities were selected and allocated funding for an initial period of three years. On October 10, 2009, these nine universities made up the C9 League.^[7][8]

Goals

The aim of the C9 is to serve as a network of elite universities to improve education and research in China.^[9][10] More importantly, they have committed themselves to world-class excellence.^[10] However, the central government also directs special resources to a number of other universities outside the C9 League to ensure that they reach the goal to become world class universities, such as Huazhong University of Science and Technology,^[11][12][13] Renmin University of China,^[14] Sichuan University,^[15] Wuhan University^[16][17] and Sun Yat-sen University.

See also

• List of universities in China
• Project 985
• Higher education in China

References

1. "Education Ministry supports formation of China's"Ivy League"". Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China. Retrieved 11 December 2013.
2. "Eastern stars: Universities of China's C9 League excel in select fields".
3. "Academic Ranking of World Universities - 2014". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 21 October 2014.
4. "QS World University Rankings 2015/16". Quacquarelli Symonds. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
5. "World University Rankings 2015-16". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
6. "CWTS Leiden Ranking 2015". Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
7. "九校高校签订《一流大学人才培养合作与交流协议书》".
8. Sainsbury, Michael (4 November 2009). "China establishes group of Ivy League universities". The Australian.
9. "China's 'Ivy League'".
10. http://brand.hjenglish.com/b1094/p15877/
11. "华中科技大学争创世界一流大学". Retrieved September 18, 2011.
12. , Nankai University
13. "南开大学建校90年 新目标：向世界一流大学迈进". Retrieved October 17, 2009.
14. "纪宝成：为建设"人民满意、世界一流"大学而奋斗". Retrieved March 2, 2014.
15. "四川大学校长谢和平:川大2050年跻身世界一流". Retrieved April 22, 2011.
16. "武汉大学迎来120岁生日 剑指世界一流大学". Retrieved March 2, 2014.
17. , Xiamen University"本世纪中叶建成世界一流大学". Retrieved June 18, 2013.

External links

• "China's 'Ivy League'". The Malaysian Insider, 16 October 2009.
• "China establishes group of Ivy League universities". The Australian, 4 November 2009.
• "九校签订《一流大学人才培养合作与交流协议书》". 西安交大新闻网, 9 October 2009.