Calcinosis cutis

Calcinosis cutis
Micrograph of calcinosis cutis. The calcification is purple (bottom of image). H&E stain.
Classification and external resources
Specialty	dermatology
ICD-10	L94.2
ICD-9-CM	709.3
DiseasesDB	1896
eMedicine	derm/66

Calcinosis cutis (or cutaneous calcification) is a type of calcinosis wherein calcium deposits form in the skin. A variety of factors can result in this condition. The most common source is dystrophic calcification, which occurs in soft tissue as a response to injury. In addition, calcinosis is seen in Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis, also known as CREST syndrome (the "C" in CREST). In dogs, calcinosis cutis is found in young, large breed dogs and is thought to occur after a traumatic injury.

Types

Calcinosis cutis may be divided into the following types:^[1]^:527–530

Causes

Calcinosis may be the results of a variety of causes such as:

Trauma to the region
Inflammation (bug bites, acne)
Varicose veins
Infections
Tumors (malignant or benign)
Diseases of connective tissue
Hypercalcemia
Hyperphosphatemia

Gallery

Calcinosis cutis in a dog with Cushing's syndrome
Calcinosis cutis in human tissue

References

↑ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.

External links

http://tray.dermatology.uiowa.edu/CalCut01.htm

Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis (L82–L94, 700–701.5)

Epidermal thickening

Necrobiosis/granuloma

Necrobiotic/palisading	Granuloma annulare Perforating Generalized Subcutaneous Granuloma annulare in HIV disease Localized granuloma annulare Patch-type granuloma annulare Necrobiosis lipoidica Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma Granuloma multiforme Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis Rheumatoid nodulosis Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis/Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction

Foreign body granuloma	Beryllium granuloma Mercury granuloma Silica granuloma Silicone granuloma Zirconium granuloma Soot tattoo Tattoo Carbon stain

Other/ungrouped	eosinophilic dermatosis Granuloma faciale

Dermis/
localized CTD

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus	chronic: Discoid Panniculitis subacute: Neonatal ungrouped: Chilblain Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome Tumid Verrucous Rowell's syndrome

Scleroderma/ Morphea	Localized scleroderma Localized morphea Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap Generalized morphea Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Pansclerotic morphea Morphea profunda Linear scleroderma

Atrophic/ atrophoderma	Lichen sclerosus Anetoderma Schweninger–Buzzi anetoderma Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Semicircular lipoatrophy Follicular atrophoderma Linear atrophoderma of Moulin

Perforating	Kyrle disease Reactive perforating collagenosis Elastosis perforans serpiginosa Perforating folliculitis Acquired perforating dermatosis

Skin ulcer	Pyoderma gangrenosum

Other	Calcinosis cutis Sclerodactyly Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans Ainhum/Pseudo-ainhum

Inborn error of metal metabolism (E83, 275)

Transition metal

high:	Primary iron overload disorder: Hemochromatosis/HFE1 Juvenile/HFE2 HFE3 African iron overload/HFE4 Aceruloplasminemia Atransferrinemia Hemosiderosis

deficiency:	Iron deficiency

high:	Copper toxicity Wilson's disease

deficiency:	Copper deficiency Menkes disease/Occipital horn syndrome

high:	Zinc toxicity

deficiency:	Acrodermatitis enteropathica

Electrolyte

Na⁺ and K⁺

see Template:Water-electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance

PO₄³⁻

high:	Hyperphosphatemia

deficiency:	Hypophosphatemia alkaline phosphatase Hypophosphatasia

Mg²⁺

high:	Hypermagnesemia

deficiency:	Hypomagnesemia

Ca²⁺

high:	Hypercalcaemia Milk-alkali syndrome (Burnett's) Calcinosis (Calciphylaxis, Calcinosis cutis) Calcification (Metastatic calcification, Dystrophic calcification) Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

deficiency:	Hypocalcaemia Osteomalacia Pseudohypoparathyroidism (Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy) Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism

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