Canovium

Canovium
View from the fort down to the River Conwy
Canovium shown within Conwy
Founded	c. 75 AD
Abandoned	4th century AD
Place in the Roman world
Province	Britannia
Structure
— Stone structure —
Built	2nd century AD
— Wood and earth structure —
Location
Coordinates	53°12′58″N 3°50′03″W / 53.2161°N 3.8341°W / 53.2161; -3.8341
County	Conwy
Country	Wales
Reference
UK-OSNG reference	SH775702
Media related to Canovium at Wikimedia Commons

Canovium was a fort in the Roman province of Britannia. Its site is located at Caerhun in the Conwy valley, in the county borough of Conwy, in North Wales.

Early history

Canovium was a square fort built in timber at an important river crossing (at Tal-y-Cafn) by the Roman army around AD 75, possibly to house a 500-strong regiment of foot-soldiers. Rebuilding in stone began in the early 2nd century. It contained the usual headquarters building, commanding officer's house, granaries and barrack blocks, but the two former buildings were unusually large for the size of the fort. There was a bath-house to the east and an extensive vicus to the north. A large second century milestone dedicated to the Emperor Hadrian, now preserved in the British Museum, was found 7 miles from Canovium in the late nineteenth century.^[1]

Later history

There may have been a brief abandonment of the site in the very late 2nd century, but occupation quickly resumed, with the erection of a new cookhouse, and continued until at least the late 4th century. The north-east quarter of the site is now occupied by the 14th-century parish church of St Mary and its churchyard.

Academic studies

There have been several publications on the Cavovium fort, described at the Kanovium Project link below. The classic study of the fort was the 1938 collected reports of P.K. Baillie Reynolds, of Aberystwyth University, the culmination of four summers of excavation by him.^[2]^[3]

References

↑ British Museum Highlights
↑ Baillie Reynolds, P.K. (February 1938). Excavations on the site of the Roman fort of Kanovium at Caerhun, Caernarvonshire: collected reports on the excavations of the years 1926-1929 and on the pottery and other objects found. Kanovium Excavation Committee. Cardiff: William Lewis, Printers. 282 pages. Baillie Reynolds' reports were originally published in Archaeologia
↑ "Read a book Visit a Museum: Kanovium Project Book Reviews". Retrieved 2009-10-28. . Page found on Kanovium Project website

External links

Conwy County Borough

Principal settlements	Abergele Colwyn Bay Conwy Deganwy Llandudno Llandudno Junction Llanfairfechan Llanrwst Penmaenmawr Penrhyn Bay

Towns and villages	Betws yn Rhos Betws-y-Coed Bylchau Caerhun Capel Curig Capel Garmon Cerrig-y-drudion Dinmael Dolgarrog Dolwyddelan Eglwysbach Glan Conwy Henryd Kinmel Bay Llanbedr-y-Cennin Llanddoged Llanddulas Llanfair Talhaiarn Llanfihangel Glyn Myfyr Llangernyw Llangwm Llannefydd Llanrhychwyn Llansannan Llysfaen Maenan Mochdre Old Colwyn Pandy Tudur Penmachno Pentrefoelas Rhos-on-Sea Rowen Tal-y-bont Tal-y-Cafn Trefriw Towyn Ysbyty Ifan

Community councils	Abergele Betws-y-coed Betws-yn-Rhos Bro Garmon Bro Machno Caerhun Capel Curig Cerrigydrudion Colwyn Bay Conwy Dolgarrog Dolwyddelan Eglwysbach Henryd Kinmel Bay and Towyn Llanddoged and Maenan Llanddulas and Rhyd-y-foel Llandudno Llanfair Talhaiarn Llanfairfechan Llanfihangel Glyn Myfyr Llangernyw Llangwm Llannefydd Llanrwst Llansanffraid Glan Conwy Llansannan Llysfaen Mochdre Old Colwyn Penmaenmawr Pentrefoelas Rhos on Sea Trefriw Ysbyty Ifan

Rivers	River Conwy River Crafnant River Geirionydd River Lledr River Llugwy River Machno Afon Ddu Afon Ddu (Drum) Afon Dulyn Afon Eigiau Afon Lloer Afon Melynllyn Afon Porth-llwyd Afon Roe Afon Tafolog

Castles and forts	Canovium Conwy Castle Deganwy Castle Dolwyddelan Castle Gwrych Castle Gwydir Castle Pen y Gaer

Headlands	Great Orme Little Orme Penmaenmawr

Topics	Parliamentary constituencies Places Schools Country houses SSSIs Scheduled Monuments Grade I listed buildings Grade II* listed buildings Lord Lieutenants High Sheriffs Museums

Conwy Valley

Towns	Llanrwst Conwy

Other Settlements	Betws-y-coed Caerhun Dolgarrog Eglwysbach Glan Conwy Henryd Llanbedr-y-cennin Llanddoged Llangelynnin Llanrhychwyn Maenan Rowen Tal-y-bont Tal-y-Cafn Trefriw Tyn-y-groes

Rivers & Streams	Afon Conwy Afon Crafnant Afon Geirionydd Afon Hiraethlyn Afon Machno Afon Lledr Afon Llugwy Afon Gallt y Gwg Nant y Goron Afon Ddu (1) Afon Porth-llwyd Afon Dulyn Afon Ddu (2) Afon Garreg-wen Ffrwd Cerriguniawn Afon Melynllyn Afon Roe Afon Tafolog Afon Gyffin

Lakes	Llyn Crafnant Llyn Elsi Llyn Geirionydd Llyn y Parc

Waterfalls	Conwy Falls Grey Mare's Tail Fairy Falls

Hills & Mountains	Mynydd y Dref Tal y Fan Bwlch-y-Ddeufaen Cefn Cyfarwydd Mynydd Hiraethog

Castles & Forts	Canovium Conwy Castle Gwydir Castle Pen y Gaer

Bridges	Conwy Suspension Bridge Pont Fawr (Llanrwst) Tal-y-Cafn Bridge Waterloo Bridge (Betws-y-coed)

Other Features	Bodnant Garden Conwy RSPB reserve Gwydir Forest Klondyke mill Moel Maelogan Snowdonia National Park Surf Snowdonia

Transport	A470 B5106 Conwy Valley Line

Railway Stations	Betws-y-Coed railway station Dolgarrog railway station Glan Conwy railway station Llanrwst railway station North Llanrwst railway station Tal-y-Cafn railway station

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