Capillary hemangioma

Capillary hemangioma

Classification and external resources
Specialty	oncology
ICD-10	D18.0,(ILDS D18.015)
ICD-9-CM	757.32
ICD-O	9131/0
eMedicine	oph/691
MeSH	D018324

Strawberry naevus, H&E stain

A capillary hemangioma (also known as an Infantile hemangioma,^[1] Strawberry hemangioma,^[2]^:593 and Strawberry nevus^[1]) is the most common variant of hemangioma which appears as a raised, red, lumpy area of flesh anywhere on the body, though 83% occur on the head or neck area.^[3] These marks occur in about 10% of all births,^[4]^:81 and usually appear between one and four weeks after birth.^[5] It may grow rapidly, before stopping and slowly fading. Some are gone by the age of 2, about 60% by 5 years, and 90–95% by 9 years.^[5] Capillary hemangioma is a vascular anomaly.

Capillary hemangiomas occur 5 times more often in female infants than in males, and mostly in Caucasian populations.^[3]^[6] Additionally, low birthweight infants have a 26% chance of developing a hemangioma.^[3]^[6]

It is the most common tumor of orbit and periorbital areas in childhood. It may occur in the skin, subcutaneous tissues and mucous membranes of oral cavities and lips as well as in the liver, spleen and kidneys. While this birthmark may be alarming in appearance, physicians generally counsel that it be left to disappear on its own, unless it is in the way of vision or blocking the nostrils.^[5]

Treatment

Oral propranolol appears to be the most effective treatment for reducing the size of capillary hemangiomas in children and is more effective than placebo, observation without intervention, or oral corticosteroids.^[7]

References

1 2 Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
↑ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
1 2 3 "Hemangioma Information". Vascular Birthmark Foundation. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
↑ Sadler, Thomas W. (2009). Langman's Medical Embryology. (11th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 1-60547-656-0.
1 2 3 "Birthmarks". Parenting and Child Health website. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
1 2 "Birthmarks". American Academy of Dermatology. Retrieved 2008-08-02.
↑ Chinnadurai, S; Fonnesbeck, C; Snyder, KM; Sathe, NA; Morad, A; Likis, FE; McPheeters, ML (February 2016). "Pharmacologic Interventions for Infantile Hemangioma: A Meta-analysis.". Pediatrics 137 (2). PMID 26772662.

Vascular tissue neoplasm (ICD-O 9120–9179) (C49+C46/D18, 171+176/215)

Blood	Hemangiosarcoma Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Hemangioendothelioma Composite Endovascular papillary Epithelioid Kaposiform Infantile Retiform) Spindle cell Proliferating angioendotheliomatosis Hemangiopericytoma Venous lake Kaposi's sarcoma African cutaneous African lymphadenopathic AIDS-associated Classic Immunosuppression-associated Hemangioblastoma Hemangioma Capillary Cavernous Glomeruloid Microvenular Targeted hemosiderotic Angioma Cherry Seriginosum Spider Tufted Universal angiomatosis Angiokeratoma of Mibelli Angiolipoma Pyogenic granuloma

Lymphatic	Lymphangioma/lymphangiosarcoma Lymphangioma circumscriptum Acquired progressive lymphangioma PEComa Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cystic hygroma Multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis Lymphangiomatosis

Either	Angioma/angiosarcoma Angiofibroma

Congenital malformations and deformations of integument / skin disease (Q80–Q82, 757.0–757.3)

Genodermatosis

Congenital ichthyosis/
erythrokeratodermia

AD	Ichthyosis vulgaris

AR	Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis Lamellar ichthyosis Harlequin type ichthyosis Netherton syndrome Zunich–Kaye syndrome Sjögren–Larsson syndrome

XR	X-linked ichthyosis

Ungrouped	Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens Ichthyosis follicularis Ichthyosis prematurity syndrome Ichthyosis–sclerosing cholangitis syndrome Nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma Ichthyosis linearis circumflexa Ichthyosis hystrix

EB
and related

EBS
- EBS-K
- EBS-WC
- EBS-DM
- EBS-OG
- EBS-MD
- EBS-MP

DEB
- DDEB
- RDEB

Ectodermal dysplasia

Elastic/Connective

Hyperkeratosis/
keratinopathy

PPK	diffuse: Diffuse epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma Diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma Palmoplantar keratoderma of Sybert Mal de Meleda syndromic connexin Bart–Pumphrey syndrome Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia Vohwinkel syndrome Corneodermatoosseous syndrome plakoglobin Naxos syndrome Scleroatrophic syndrome of Huriez Olmsted syndrome Cathepsin C Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome Haim–Munk syndrome Camisa disease focal: Focal palmoplantar keratoderma with oral mucosal hyperkeratosis Focal palmoplantar and gingival keratosis Howel–Evans syndrome Pachyonychia congenita Pachyonychia congenita type I Pachyonychia congenita type II Striate palmoplantar keratoderma Tyrosinemia type II punctate: Acrokeratoelastoidosis of Costa Focal acral hyperkeratosis Keratosis punctata palmaris et plantaris Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases Schöpf–Schulz–Passarge syndrome Porokeratosis plantaris discreta Spiny keratoderma ungrouped: Palmoplantar keratoderma and spastic paraplegia desmoplakin Carvajal syndrome connexin Erythrokeratodermia variabilis HID/KID

Other	Meleda disease Keratosis pilaris ATP2A2 Darier's disease Dyskeratosis congenita Lelis syndrome Dyskeratosis congenita Keratolytic winter erythema Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans Keratosis linearis with ichthyosis congenital and sclerosing keratoderma syndrome Keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei Keratosis pilaris

Other

see also Template:Congenital malformations and deformations of skin appendages, Template:Phakomatoses, Template:Pigmentation disorders, Template:DNA replication and repair-deficiency disorder

Developmental
anomalies

Midline	Dermoid cyst Encephalocele Nasal glioma PHACE association Sinus pericranii

Nevus	Capillary hemangioma Port-wine stain Nevus flammeus nuchae

Other/ungrouped	Aplasia cutis congenita Amniotic band syndrome Branchial cyst Cavernous venous malformation Accessory nail of the fifth toe Bronchogenic cyst Congenital cartilaginous rest of the neck Congenital hypertrophy of the lateral fold of the hallux Congenital lip pit Congenital malformations of the dermatoglyphs Congenital preauricular fistula Congenital smooth muscle hamartoma Cystic lymphatic malformation Median raphe cyst Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy Mongolian spot Nasolacrimal duct cyst Omphalomesenteric duct cyst Poland anomaly Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma Rosenthal–Kloepfer syndrome Skin dimple Superficial lymphatic malformation Thyroglossal duct cyst Verrucous vascular malformation Birthmark

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Capillary hemangioma

Treatment

See also

References