Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome
Classification and external resources
OMIM 245000
DiseasesDB 9583
MeSH D010214

Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS), also known as palmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis,[1][2] is an autosomal recessive[3] genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in cathepsin C.[4][5]

Characteristics

PLS is characterized by periodontitis and palmoplantar keratoderma.[6] The severe destruction of periodontium results in loss of most primary teeth by the age of 4 and most permanent teeth by age 14. Hyperkeratosis of palms and soles of feet appear in first few years of life. Destructions of periodontium follows almost immediately after the eruption of last molar tooth. The teeth are involved in roughly the same order in which they erupt.

Cause and Genetics

Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.

Mutations in the cathepsin C gene (CTSC), located at human chromosome 11q14.1-q14.3, are the cause of PLS.[4][7] The disorder is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.[4] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome (chromosome 11 is an autosome), and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually do not experience any signs or symptoms of the disorder.

Treatment

In 2006, Retinoids and antibiotics have been used with a successful dental maintenance for one year.[8] In the past, only Extraction of all teeth and construction of a complete denture were made.

An alternative to rehabilitation with conventional dental prothesis after total loss of the natural teeth was proposed by Drs Ahmad Al Zuhailiean-François Tulasne (developer of the partial bone graft technique used). This approach entails transplanting bone extracted from the cortical external surface of the parietal bone to the patient’s mouth, affording the patient the opportunity to lead a normal life.[9][10][11] Notwithstanding this treatment do not scope the disease itself. Actually it is the repositioning of bone from calvaria to the maxillary bones, and placement of dental implants in a completely edentulous maxilae, when the patient has already lost all teeth. An already developed method to reconstruct maxillae in edentulous elderly people by other dental professionals. There's still no real treatment to help those who suffer from this disease to keep all their natural teeth, though their exfoliation and loss can be delayed. The maintenance of teeth is done by dental professionals with a procedure called scaling and root planing with the use of systemic antibiotics. The syndrome should be diagnosed as earlier as possible, so the teeth can be kept longer in the mouth, helping the development of the maxillary bones.

Eponym

It is named for M. M. Papillon and Paul Lefèvre.[12][13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 245000
  2. ↑ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
  3. ↑ Ullbro C, Crossner CG, Nederfors T, Alfadley A, Thestrup-Pedersen K (2003). "Dermatalogical and oral findings in a cohort of 47 patients with Papillon-Lefevre syndrome". J Am Acad Dermatol. 48 (3): 345–351. doi:10.1067/mjd.2003.197. PMID 12637913.
  4. 1 2 3 Wani A, Devkar N, Patole M, Shouche Y (2006). "Description of two new cathepsin C gene mutations in patients with Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome". J Periodontol. 77 (2): 233–237. doi:10.1902/jop.2006.050124. PMID 16460249.
  5. ↑ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Saunders. p. 214. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
  6. ↑ Cagli NA, Hakki SS, Dursun R, et al. (Dec 2005). "Clinical, genetic, and biochemical findings in two siblings with Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome". J. Periodontol. 76 (12): 2322–2329. doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.12.2322. PMID 16332247.
  7. ↑ Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 602365
  8. ↑ Ahuja V, Shin RH, Mudgil A, Nanda V, Schoor R (November 2005). "Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: a successful outcome". J. Periodontol. 76 (11): 1996–2001. doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.11.1996. PMID 16274321.
  9. ↑ Zuhaili, Dr. Ahmed; Tulasne, Dr. Jean Francois (September 2014). "Dr. Ahmed Zuhaili performs yet another groundbreaking surgery". Dental Tribune Middle East and Africa. No. 6: 14.
  10. ↑ Alchab, Dr. Izdihar. "Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome treatment with partial bone graft technique". cone beam international No. 4, 2014. No. 4: 16–17.
  11. ↑ Zuhaili, Dr. Ahmed; Tulasne, Dr. Jean Francois. "Dr. Ahmed Zuhailee Does It Again By Performing Life Changing Surgery For His Patient With Papillon-lefevre Syndrome". French Dental Clinic UAE.
  12. ↑ synd/1804 at Who Named It?
  13. ↑ M. M. Papillon, P. Lefèvre. Deux cas de kératodermie palmaire et plantaire symétrique familiale (maladie de Meleda) chez le frère et la soeur. Coexistence dans les deux cas d’altérations dentaires graves. Bulletin de la Société française de dermatologie et de vénéorologie, Paris, 1924, 31: 82-87.

External links

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