Cerium(IV) sulfate

Cerium(IV) sulfate

Names
Other names Ceric sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	13590-82-4 10294-42-5 (tetrahydrate)
ChemSpider	140403
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	159684
UNII	4F66FI5T7X
InChI InChI=1S/Ce.2H2O4S/c;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+4;;/p-4 Key: VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J InChI=1/Ce.2H2O4S/c;2*1-5(2,3)4/h;2*(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+4;;/p-4 Key: VZDYWEUILIUIDF-XBHQNQODAK
SMILES [Ce+4].[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	Ce(SO4)2
Molar mass	332.24 g/mol (anhydrous) 404.304 (tetrahydrate)
Appearance	Yellow solid (anhydrous) yellow-orange crystals (tetrahydrate)
Density	3.91 g/cm^3 (tetrahydrate)
Melting point	350 °C (662 °F; 623 K) (decomposes)
Boiling point	NA
Solubility in water	Soluble in small amounts, hydrolyzes in large amounts of water 21.4 g/100 mL (0 °C) 9.84 g/100 mL (20 °C) 3.87 g/100 mL (60 °C)[1]
Solubility	soluble in dilute sulfuric acid
Structure
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Hazards
Main hazards	Oxidizer
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Cerium(IV) sulfate, also called ceric sulfate, is an inorganic compound. It exists as the anhydrous salt Ce(SO₄)₂ as well as a few hydrated forms: Ce(SO₄)₂(H₂O)_x, with x equal to 4, 8, or 12. These salts are yellow to yellow/orange solids that are moderately soluble in water and dilute acids. Its neutral solutions slowly decompose, depositing the light yellow oxide CeO₂. Solutions of ceric sulfate have a strong yellow color. The tetrahydrate loses water when heated to 180-200 °C.

Uses

The ceric ion is a strong oxidizer, especially under acidic conditions. If ceric sulfate is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, then elemental chlorine is formed, albeit slowly. With stronger reducing agents it reacts much faster. For example, with sulfite in acidic environments it reacts quickly and completely.

When ceric compounds are reduced, so-called cerous compounds are formed. The reaction taking place is:

Ce⁴⁺ + e⁻ → Ce³⁺

The cerous ion is colorless.

Ceric sulfate is used in analytical chemistry for redox titration, often together with a redox indicator.

A related compound is ceric ammonium sulfate.^[2]

The solubility of Ce(IV) in methanesulfonic acid is approximately 10 times the value obtainable in acidic sulphate solutions.^[3]

References

1. Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
2. Mariappan Periasamy, Ukkiramapandian Radhakrishnan "Cerium(IV) Ammonium Sulfate" Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2001, John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rc040
3. Kreh, Robert P. (1989). "Mediated electrochemical synthesis of aromatic aldehydes, ketones, and quinones using ceric methanesulfonate". The Journal of Organic Chemistry 54 (7): 1526–1531. doi:10.1021/jo00268a010.

Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion
H2SO4																	He
Li2SO4	BeSO4											B	(RO)2SO3	(NH4)2SO4 N2H6SO4 (NH3OH)2SO4	O	F	Ne
Na2SO4 NaHSO4	MgSO4											Al2(SO4)3	Si	P	SO4^2−	Cl	Ar
K2SO4 KHSO4	CaSO4	Sc2(SO4)3	Ti(SO4)2 TiOSO4	V2(SO4)3 VOSO4	CrSO4 Cr2(SO4)3	MnSO4	FeSO4 Fe2(SO4)3	CoSO4, Co2(SO4)3	NiSO4	CuSO4	ZnSO4	Ga2(SO4)3	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb2SO4	SrSO4	Y2(SO4)3	Zr(SO4)2	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdSO4	Ag2SO4	CdSO4	In2(SO4)3	SnSO4	Sb2(SO4)3	Te	I	Xe
Cs2SO4	BaSO4		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg2SO4, HgSO4	Tl2SO4	PbSO4	Bi2(SO4)3	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce2(SO4)3 Ce(SO4)2	Pr2(SO4)3	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb2(SO4)3	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	U(SO4)2 UO2SO4	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr