Colorado Supreme Court

Colorado Supreme Court
The Colorado Supreme Court courtroom in 2013.
Country	Colorado , United States
Composition method	Missouri plan with retention elections
Authorized by	Colorado State Constitution
Decisions are appealed to	Supreme Court of the United States
Judge term length	10 years
Number of positions	7
Website	Official site
Chief Justice
Currently	Nancy E. Rice
Since	January 8, 2014

The Colorado Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Colorado. Located in Denver, the Court consists of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices.

Powers and duties

Appellate jurisdiction

The Court principally handles certiorari petitions in cases decided on appeal by the Colorado Court of Appeals in appeals from courts of general jurisdiction, and from appellate decisions of courts of general jurisdiction in appeals from courts of inferior jurisdiction. In addition, the Colorado Supreme Court has jurisdiction over direct appeals in cases where a trial court finds a law unconstitutional, in death penalty cases, in water law cases, in certain election cases, in interlocutory appeals (i.e., appeals in the middle of a case) in certain matters of exceptional importance for which an ordinary appeal is not a sufficient remedy, and in certain other cases.^[1]

Original jurisdiction and supervisory powers

The Colorado Supreme Court also has original jurisdiction over attorney discipline proceedings, over advisory questions presented by the state legislature or the state attorney general, and questions referred to it by the federal courts. Furthermore, the Colorado Supreme Court has general supervisory and budget authority over the judicial branch, the court rule making process, and the regulation of attorneys. Finally, the Colorado Supreme Court makes appointments to a number of boards and commissions, which often has the effect of providing a tie breaking member in situations where the other appointees are equally divided on partisan lines.

Current members and appointment process

The Justices are appointed by the Governor of Colorado to serve a term of ten years after an initial two-year term from a list of three finalist candidates nominated by a Blue Ribbon Commission established by the state constitution.^[2] At the end of each term, Justices face a retention election at which voters can choose to retain or not retain a Justice. If a Justice were not retained, the vacancy would be filled by the Governor at the expiration of their current term. No appellate judge has ever lost a retention election since the system was put in place in 1966. The Justices are not elected as partisan officials, although they are initially appointed by a partisan elected official.

An effort to change this system of retaining judges by initiative was rejected by voters in 2006, in part due to a campaign against the initiative which had strong support from both Democratic and Republican members of the Colorado Bar Association.^[3]

The Chief Justice is selected by the Justices from amongst themselves. As of July 1, 2006, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court is paid $125,656 per year, and Associate Supreme Court Justices are paid $122,972 per year.

The current Colorado Supreme Court's membership, and the date each Justice was appointed, is as follows:

Title	Name	Took office	Appointed by
Chief Justice	Rice, Nancy E.Nancy E. Rice	000000001998-08-05-0000August 5, 1998	Roy Romer (D)
Associate Justice	Coats, Nathan B.Nathan B. Coats	000000002000-04-24-0000April 24, 2000	Bill Owens (R)
Associate Justice	Eid, Allison H.Allison H. Eid	000000002006-02-15-0000February 15, 2006	Bill Owens (R)
Associate Justice	Márquez, Monica M.Monica M. Márquez	000000002010-12-10-0000December 10, 2010	Bill Ritter (D)
Associate Justice	Boatright, Brian D.Brian D. Boatright	000000002011-11-21-0000November 21, 2011	John Hickenlooper (D)
Associate Justice	Hood, III, William W.William W. Hood, III	000000002014-01-13-0000January 13, 2014	John Hickenlooper (D)
Associate Justice	Gabriel, Richard L.Richard L. Gabriel	000000002015-09-29-0000September 29, 2015	John Hickenlooper (D)

Court building

Former Colorado State Judicial Building, since demolished

While there is a chamber originally dedicated to the Colorado Supreme Court in the state capitol building, the Colorado Supreme Court and Colorado Court of Appeals were located in their own building across the street from the state capitol from 1977 to 2010. In August 2010 the building was imploded to make way for a larger court building.^[4] Construction of the new building began in September 2010.^[5] That new building, dubbed the Ralph L. Carr Colorado Judicial Center, opened in early 2013. Named for a former governor of Colorado,^[6] the building is located at 2 East 14th Avenue in Denver.

The State Supreme Court Building was a box-like structure raised off the ground by two square columns located on the east and west ends of the building. The only parts of the building actually on the ground level were the columns, which contained the entrances and elevators for the building.

The underside of the building featured a 150-foot mural designed by Colorado artist Angelo di Benedetto. It depicted several notable figures, including Hammurabi, Moses and Martin Luther King. The figures represented persons who are believed to have made significant contributions to law and justice. Directly beneath the mural was a large window embedded into the ground that looked down into the underground law library. Persons in the library were able to look up onto the mural via the ground level glass window.^[7] The mural was removed before the building was demolished, but its ultimate fate is uncertain.^[8]

The courtroom itself was located on the fifth floor of the building (the ground level columns being the first floor). The entrance to the courtroom consisted of two large brass colored metallic doors with a textured design on them. The courtroom was dimly lit with two stain glass windows depicting previous Supreme Court Justices. The well of the courtroom was circular, with a podium for counsel in the center. The podium was a circular column that resembled a container of lipstick that, unlike the rest of the courtroom, was well lit. It faced a semicircular bench with seats for seven justices. Behind the bench was a large drape through which the Justices entered the courtroom.

The former building was designed by John Rogers and RNL Design. See RNL Architecture.

The Ralph L. Carr Justice Center was designed by Fentress Architects. The judicial wing is four stories tall and contains the Supreme Court courtroom and chambers and Court of Appeals courtrooms. The justice center also includes an adjacent wing that is a twelve-story office tower containing the office of the State Attorney General as well as offices for other State agencies.^[9]

The new Justice Center is named for former Colorado Governor Ralph Lawrence Carr, who served from 1939 to 1943 and was noted for his opposition to Japanese American internment during World War II^[10]

Publication of opinions

All opinions of the Colorado Supreme Court are published.^[11] Court opinions are initially released as slip opinions and posted on the court's website. They are ultimately published in Westlaw's Pacific Reporter, a regional case reporter that is the designated official reporter for the State of Colorado. Westlaw also publishes the state-specific Colorado Reporter, repeating all Colorado cases from the Pacific Reporter and reusing that reporter's pagination and citations. The Colorado Bar Association also publishes all Colorado Supreme Court opinions in its monthly journal, The Colorado Lawyer.^[12]

Between 1864 and 1980, the State published its own official reporter, Colorado Reports. Concurrent coverage in the Pacific Reporter began in 1883.^[13]

Notable Cases

Romer v. Evans (1996) - In 1992, Colorado voters approved an amendment to the state constitution, Amendment 2, which forbade any political subdivision within Colorado from taking any action to recognize homosexuals as a protected class of people. In 1993, a trial court issued a permanent injunction against the amendment, and the Colorado Supreme Court agreed, noting the amendment subject to "strict scrutiny" under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution and remanded the case back to the trial court to find if it could withstand strict scrutiny. The trial court concluded it could not, and the Colorado Supreme Court once again agreed in a 2-1 decision. The case was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which affirmed the Colorado Supreme Court in a 6-3 decision, though by applying rational basis review instead.^[14]

Notes

References

Linz, Robert Michael (2010), Colorado Legal Research, Carolina Academic Press, ISBN 9781594607899

External links

Coordinates: 39°44′17″N 104°59′12″W / 39.738136°N 104.986741°W / 39.738136; -104.986741

Highest judicial bodies in the United States

Federal court	Supreme Court of the United States 1st Cir. 2nd Cir. 3rd Cir. 4th Cir. 5th Cir. 6th Cir. 7th Cir. 8th Cir. 9th Cir. 10th Cir. 11th Cir. DC Cir. Fed. Cir. Armed Forces

State supreme courts	Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma (Civil) (Criminal) Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas (Civil) (Criminal) Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

Territorial supreme courts	American Samoa District of Columbia Guam Northern Mariana Islands Puerto Rico United States Virgin Islands

Obsolete	Panama Canal Zone Philippine Islands

Complete list	Courts of the United States (Federal and state, all levels)

State of Colorado

Denver (capital)

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