Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines

Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines
Developer(s)	Pyro Studios
Publisher(s)	Eidos Interactive
Designer(s)	Gonzalo Suárez Ignacio Pérez Dolset
Artist(s)	Jorge Blanco
Series	Commandos
Platform(s)	Microsoft Windows
Release date(s)	^NA 31 July 1998 ^EU 1998 ^WW 15 March 2007 (Steam) ^WW 29 September 2012 (Desura)
Genre(s)	Real-time tactics
Mode(s)	Single-player, co-op

Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines is a single-player real-time tactics video game developed by Spanish company Pyro Studios and published by Eidos Interactive. The first installment in the Commandos series, the game was released in 1998^[1] and is set in wartime Europe and Africa where a group of six Allied Commandos performs missions using small unit tactics. Each Commando has a unique set of skills and tools determined by his class which forces the player to establish cooperation among them so that further progress can be made. The objectives vary from sabotages to rescuing allied informants and assassinations.

Commandos employs an isometric view with a whole map visible, thus allowing player to think out a strategy and its execution in advance. The same system was later used in the expansion pack Commandos: Beyond the Call of Duty released in 1999 as well as in two installments Commandos 2: Men of Courage and Commandos 3: Destination Berlin released in 2001 and 2003 respectively.

Historical background

...no routine, no bureaucracy... only pure operations, whose success depends basically on oneself and on the men that have been chosen to carry out the task. This is revolutionary.

Lieutenant Colonel Dudley Clarke^[2]

After the evacuation of most of the British Expeditionary Force at Dunkirk, Lieutenant Colonel Dudley Clarke (Royal Artillery) put forward the idea of small units capable of penetrating the enemy's line and sabotaging communication, industrial and military targets. The proposal was approved by Winston Churchill.

In 1940 volunteers were called from Territorial Army Divisions who had been serving in Norway. Later, soldiers from Royal Marines Division and recruits from British Police Force were also accepted for the training. The name "Commando" was proposed by Dudley Clarke after the raiding and assault style of Boer Commando units of the Second Boer War.

Commandos were trained in physical fitness, survival, orienteering, close quarter combat, silent killing, signalling, amphibious and cliff assault, vehicle operation, weapons (including the use of captured enemy small arms) and demolition. The Commando Training Centre was located at Achnacarry near Spean Bridge in Scotland.

The areas of activity were primarily Northwestern Europe, Norway, the Middle East, Italy and Burma. At first the missions were carried out on a smaller scale, inflicting little damage to the enemy but greatly boosting the morale of Allied forces. Later, as a result of many successful operations (including Collar, Ambassador, Claymore, Archery, Anklet, Chariot and Longcloth), Adolf Hitler issued a secret order called Kommandobefehl stating that all commandos found in Europe and Africa should be killed immediately, even if in uniform or if they attempted to surrender.

The British Army Commandos were never regimented and were disbanded at the end of the war.

Gameplay

In the game, the player represents the role of an officer who has been entrusted with the command of a group of six Commandos, a subset of which are available for each mission. In order to complete a mission, you must achieve various objectives. You must also ensure that all of your commandos survive the mission. If any of the commandos under your command die, you fail the mission and cannot progress to the next mission.

Throughout the game, the enemies are German soldiers. They vary from low-ranking soldiers (armed with either Karabiner Rifles or MP40 machine guns), to sergeants (armed with service pistols; they also man fixed machine-gun nests that dot various maps), to higher-ranking officers. In one mission, there are also attack dogs in the vicinity of the German base.

The enemy soldiers are always on alert, always watching over each other and will always do their best to track down the Commandos. Under normal circumstances, if they spot one of the Commandos, they will simply shout at him to halt and aim their weapon at him. They will not fire unless he fails to comply. However, if they witness any hostile action, they will shoot immediately; since the Commandos are only armed with handguns and no body armour, avoiding firefights is necessary for success.

Enemy soldiers are alerted by spotting or hearing anything suspicious. Dead bodies, footprints in snow/sand, gunshots, explosions, etc. All will alert the enemy and they will investigate and attempt to discover what the cause is. Enemy soldiers can also shout for the alarm to be sounded. When this happens, all soldiers in the base are alerted and become more aware. Soldiers will also deploy from garrisons and begin patrolling. In certain missions, the sounding of an alarm can cause the mission to fail.

Enemy soldiers can be alone on solitary patrol or in groups ranging from two soldiers to seven. Sentries may or may not abandon their posts in attempts to chase the Commandos, depending on the importance of their guard role. In certain missions, there are also German tanks and armoured cars on patrol. These are especially deadly and will shoot on sight. Dotted throughout all the maps in the game are enemy garrisons (identifiable from the Swastika flag flying over them) that contain enemy soldiers. If an alarm sounds or if a suspicious sound alerts them, they will emerge and begin hunting and patrolling, making completion of the mission more difficult.

Enemy soldiers have a line of sight, that can be viewed. It is typically a cone (coloured green) of vision that extends from the soldier. This lets the player know what an enemy soldier can see and what he is looking at. The field of vision is broken into two sections; close range (light green) and long range (dark green). In the long range view, the enemy will not see your Commandos if they are crawling. If they stand up, the enemy will see them and order them to halt or possibly shoot. In the close range view, the enemy will always see the Commandos, even if they are crawling.

Missions

There are 20 missions in the game. They are divided into 4 groups. The first group of missions (#1 to #7) are early in the War and take place in Occupied Norway. The second group of missions (#8 to #12) are mid-way through the war and take place in North Africa. The third group of missions (#13 to #15) are in the later stages of the war and take place in Occupied France. The fourth and final group of missions (#16 to #20) are in the final stages of the war and take place in Belgium, France and Nazi Germany itself.

#	Title	Date	Location	Objective
1	Baptism Of Fire	February 20, 1941	Sola, Norway	Sabotage a poorly defended radio relay station in a small archipelago of islands.
2	A Quiet Blow-Up	March 1, 1941	Storfjord, Norway	Sabotage a German fuel depot that sits inside a heavily defended base.
3	Reverse Engineering	March 4, 1941	Eidfjord, Norway	Sabotage a hydroelectric dam that is heavily defended by two German bases.
4	Restore Pride	March 10, 1941	Stokkan, Norway	Blow up an enemy military Headquarters that is based in a Norwegian villa.
5	Blind Justice	May 2, 1941	Herdla, Norway	Destroy a coastal RADAR station to blind German coastal defences.
6	Menace Of The Leopold	May 10, 1941	Unknown location, Norway	Sabotage a German long-range artillery cannon, code-named 'Leopold', before it can be transported to the Eastern Front.
7	Chase Of The Wolves	February 7, 1942	Arendal, Norway	Sabotage two German Navy U-Boats as they are moored in the submarine pen in the Norwegian port.
8	Pyrotechnics	October 19, 1942	Tell El Eisa, Egypt	Infiltrate a German base and destroy the oil barrels, fuel depots and water reservoirs in the base.
9	A Courtesy Call	October 20, 1942	Bab El Qattara, Egypt	Infiltrate the base of the 21st Panzer Division and destroy the RADAR detection equipment, the weapons store, the base's command post and a bunker.
10	Operation Icarus	November 14, 1942	El Agheila, Egypt	Infiltrate a Luftwaffe base. You must rescue a captured RAF pilot, destroy the base's bomb depot, destroy the base's Stuka dive bombers and steal a Junker bomber to escape.
11	In The Soup	December 3, 1942	Maradah, Libya	The mission is to destroy four oil drilling rigs that are under German control.
12	Up On The Roof	March 15, 1943	Gabès, Tunisia	Escape detection from the German soldiers who are actively searching for the Commandos in the city. A French soldier must also be rescued from the city's prison and the group must then escape across the rooftops of the city to the extraction point.
13	David And Goliath	May 15, 1944	Port of Le Havre, France	Infiltrate Le Harve and sink a new German battleship that is being readied for launch from the port. The battleship is a replica of the infamous Bismarck battleship.
14	D-Day Kick Off	May 25, 1944	La Riviére, France	Sabotage 4 German heavy guns on the beach in order to clear the way for the D-Day landings.
15	The End Of The Butcher	August 26, 1944	Compiègne, France	Infiltrate the centre of the small town, sneak past the German troops and assassinate SS-Gruppenführer Helmut Schleper, also known as 'The Butcher Of Paris', before he can deliver a list of German Resistance members to Berlin.
16	Stop Wildfire	September 4, 1944	Liège, Belgium	Assassinate 4 German sappers before they can blow up a bridge over the Maas River, in order to facilitate Allied troop movements during Operation Market Garden.
17	Before Dawn	November 28, 1944	Riveauvillé, France	Infiltrate a German prison camp and free a group of French Resistance members before they are executed at dawn.
18	The Force Of Circumstance	December 16, 1944	Liège, Belgium	Destroy a bridge over the Maas River in order to slow the advance of German troops. Ironically, the bridge you are now tasked to destroy is the very same bridge you defended in September.
19	Frustrate Retaliation	January 12, 1945	Oldenburg, Germany	The mission is to infiltrate an enemy base and destroy 3 V-2 rockets before they can be launched against London.
20	Operation Valhalla	February 11, 1945	Gundelfingen Castle, Germany	This is a secret mission, you can access it only if you get captain rank or higher after finishing mission 19. The mission is to infiltrate a heavily defended German castle and blow up a building where stolen plans for the Allied atomic bomb are being housed, having been stolen by a German spy. This misson is of special note as it is the only one where you have access to all of the commandos.

Expansion

Beyond the Call of Duty cover art

Commandos: Beyond the Call of Duty is a stand-alone expansion pack released in March 31, 1999. It is developed by Pyro Studios and published by Eidos Interactive. The original game is not needed to play. The game features new skills and equipment, such as the ability to throw rocks and knock out enemy soldiers. Also two new allies are present with the game, a Yugoslavian military commander and a member of the Dutch Resistance. New enemies in the game include Gestapo agents and wild animals (including lions and ostriches).

There are a total of eight missions available.

1. "Dying Light". July 14, 1940. Guernsey, Channel Islands. The mission is to land your commando force on the island. You must then destroy the island's RADAR station, the lighthouse, and the island's anti-aircraft batteries.
2. "The Asphalt Jungle". April 23, 1941. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. The mission is to infiltrate the city's zoo, where Dragisa Skopje, a Balkan Army commander, is due to be shot. You must rescue Skopje before the sentence can be carried out.
3. "Dropped Out Of The Sky". June 10, 1942. Candia, Crete, Greece. The mission is to infiltrate a heavily defended German base and steal the advanced guidance system of the new, experimental German bomb HS-293.
4. "Thor's Hammer". September 11, 1943. Bonn Central Train Station, Bonn, Germany. The mission is to infiltrate the main train station and destroy a large, train-mounted artillery cannon that is being sent to the Italian Front. The armoured carriages stopped on sidings in the station must also be destroyed.
5. "Guess Who's Coming Tonight?". July 15, 1944. Wolfsschanze, Rastenburg, Occupied Poland. 5 days before the assassination attempt on Hitler, the Commandos must infiltrate the heavily guarded Wolf's Lair complex and kidnap SS-Standartenführer Wilhelm Von Below. Von Below is the chief of security at the complex and is about to unmask the July 20 conspirators. During the mission, you must also free the Spy from captivity, as he was captured prior to the start of the mission.
6. "Eagle's Nest". November 12, 1944. Neubrandenburg Airfield, Germany. The mission is to infiltrate the German air base and destroy experimental jet fighter/bomber aircraft. If these experimental planes make it to the sky, they could threaten the Allied air dominance over Europe. You must also capture a German pilot and force him to fly the plane on which the Commandos will escape.
7. "The Great Escape". November 20, 1944. Stalag 13, Nuremberg, Germany. The mission is to infiltrate the German POW Camp and free both the Green Beret and the Driver who are being held there. You must then recover their knapsacks that contain their equipment. You must also destroy the camp's HQ building and open the camp gates, allowing an en-masse escape of the captured Allied soldiers.
8. "Dangerous Friendships". December 18, 1944. Nijmegen, Netherlands. The mission is to steal vital documents pertaining to the German offensive that was launched on the 16th December. To do this, the documents must be stolen from Generaloberst Hanz Rauter, who is visiting Nijmegen on his way to the front. A contact from the Dutch resistance will be enlisted by the Commandos to perform this act.

The game also features a higher resolution.

References

1. "Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines at IGN". IGN. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
2. Adams, Eric. Wilkinson, Lee: "Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines Manual", page 2. 1998

External links

• Official Commandos: Behind Enemy Lines website (Archived Page)
• Official Commandos: Beyond the Call of Duty website (Archived Page)