Congenital dermal sinus

Congenital dermal sinus is a dermal indentation generally present congenitally over dorsal spine.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Clinical features

Weakness
Sphincteric disturbances
Pain in the back
Scoliosis
Sensory deficits
Cutaneous signs

Complications

Infected spinal dermal sinus tract with meningitis^[6]
Brain abscess^[7]

References

↑ Elton, Scott; Oakes, W. Jerry (January 2001). "Dermal sinus tracts of the spine". Neurosurgical FOCUS 10 (1): 1–4. doi:10.3171/foc.2001.10.1.5.
↑ Ackerman, LL; Menezes, AH (September 2003). "Spinal congenital dermal sinuses: a 30-year experience.". Pediatrics 112 (3 Pt 1): 641–7. PMID 12949296.
↑ Jindal, A; Mahapatra, AK (September 2001). "Spinal congenital dermal sinus: an experience of 23 cases over 7 years.". Neurology India 49 (3): 243–6. PMID 11593240.
↑ Barkovich, AJ; Edwards, Ms; Cogen, PH (1990). "MR evaluation of spinal dermal sinus tracts in children.". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 12 (1): 123–9. PMID 1903240.
↑ Cox, EM; Knudson, KE; Manjila, S; Cohen, AR (October 2012). "Unusual presentation of congenital dermal sinus: tethered spinal cord with intradural epidermoid and dual paramedian cutaneous ostia.". Neurosurgical focus 33 (4): E5. doi:10.3171/2012.8.focus12226. PMID 23025446.
↑ Wang, YM; Chuang, MJ; Cheng, MH (September 2011). "Infected spinal dermal sinus tract with meningitis: a case report." (PDF). Acta neurologica Taiwanica 20 (3): 188–91. PMID 22009122.
↑ Emami-Naeini, P; Mahdavi, A; Ahmadi, H; Baradaran, N; Nejat, F (October 2008). "Brain abscess as a manifestation of spinal dermal sinus.". Therapeutics and clinical risk management 4 (5): 1143–7. PMC 2621405. PMID 19209295.

Congenital malformations and deformations of nervous system (Q00–Q07, 740–742)

Brain

Neural tube defect	Anencephaly Acephaly Acrania Acalvaria Iniencephaly Encephalocele Arnold–Chiari malformation

Other	Microcephaly Congenital hydrocephalus Dandy–Walker syndrome other reduction deformities Holoprosencephaly Lissencephaly Pachygyria Hydranencephaly Septo-optic dysplasia Megalencephaly CNS cyst Porencephaly Schizencephaly Polymicrogyria Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria

Spinal cord

Neural tube defect	Spina bifida Rachischisis

Other	Currarino syndrome Diastomatomyelia Syringomyelia

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality (Q65–Q76, 754–756.3)

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia

Arms

clavicle / shoulder:	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

hand deformity:	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

Leg

hip:	Dislocation of hip / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara

knee:	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity:	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Clubbed thumb

reduction deficits / limb:	Acheiropodia ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia

multiple joints:	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome Rapadilino syndrome

Axial

Skull and face

Craniosynostosis:	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly

Craniofacial dysostosis:	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome

other:	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

Vertebral column

Thoracic skeleton

ribs:	Cervical Bifid

sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum

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